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1
As reported in "Elderly Americans," in comparing demographics of older female Americans of the last century to those of the present century, one finds that among today's elderly women there is a greater percentage who:
A)never married.
B)never divorced.
C)were never in the workforce.
D)had children.
2
As pointed out in "Elderly Americans," conditions that contributed to the aging of America during the first half of the twentieth century included:
A)rising fertility.
B)increases in international immigration.
C)improvements in adult health.
D)consistently healthy economy.
3
As noted in "Elderly Americans," women outnumber men at every age among the elderly.
A)True
B)False
4
As explained in "You Can Stop 'Normal' Aging," about one percent of our cells are replaced every day, and:
A)aging is the decay that occurs when these cells are replaced.
B)when these cells grow incorrectly, cancers are formed.
C)this means your body is nearly replaced every three months.
D)with exercise and healthful living, one can slow this process significantly.
5
As mentioned in "You Can Stop 'Normal' Aging," muscle cells live for approximately:
A)1 month.
B)10 days.
C)a few hours.
D)3 months.
6
As reported in "You Can Stop 'Normal' Aging," what we usually think of as "aging" is actually decay.
A)True
B)False
7
As reported in "Living Longer," building muscle helps with all of the following except:
A)increased metabolism
B)improving gastrointestinal efficiency substantially.
C)decreasing bone mass by up to 10 percent.
D)reducing blood pressure.
8
As noted in "Living Longer," recent research has produced an impressive body of research that shows that:
A)antioxidants may protect the body and brain against the ravages of aging.
B)more harm than good is characteristic of antioxidants.
C)dietary changes cannot slow aging.
D)women benefit from exercise far more than men.
9
As pointed out in "Living Longer," research has shown that one of the benefits of regular exercise is that it blunts the symptoms of depression.
A)True
B)False
10
As noted in "Secrets to Longevity," moai is:
A)a special gruel consumed in Costa Rica and thought to contribute to longevity.
B)a network in Okinawa formed to care for one another.
C)red wine rich with antioxidants.
D)the practice of observing the weekly Sabbath.
11
As mentioned in "Secrets to Longevity," genetics contribute to longevity by about:
A)80 percent.
B)50 percent.
C)20 percent.
D)0 percent.
12
As addressed in "Secrets to Longevity," those who participate regularly in faith groups have increased longevity.
A)True
B)False
13
According to "Will You Live to Be 100?" centenarians are:
A)baby boomers.
B)obese people.
C)people age 100 or more.
D)people who are sedentary.
14
As noted in "Will You Live to Be 100?" the incidence of colon cancer is decreased by:
A)flossing.
B)regular bowel movements.
C)increased coffee consumption.
D)sun tanning.
15
As suggested in "Will You Live to Be 100?" people who do not belong to cohesive families have increased levels of social and psychological stress.
A)True
B)False
16
As stated in "Faulty Fountains of Youth," scientists began wondering whether changes in stem cells over time might contribute to aging when:
A)stem cells were found in the brain.
B)differences between adult and embryonic stem cells were discovered.
C)they realized that so much of the body contains self-renewing stem cells.
D)variations between male and female stem cells were confirmed.
17
As described in "Faulty Fountains of Youth," adult stem cells normally:
A)are clustered in major organs.
B)can generate new cells only for the tissue in which they are found.
C)can become any type of cell in the body.
D)are superior to embryonic stem cells.
18
As revealed in "Faulty Fountains of Youth," recent research has shown that it is incorrect that people have small reservoirs of stem cells in some tissues, such as bone marrow.
A)True
B)False
19
As brought out in "Failure to Thrive," studies have shown that geriatric problems such as hip fractures, decreased immunity, and pressure ulcers are associated with:
A)high cholesterol.
B)functional decline.
C)weight loss.
D)failure to thrive.
20
As explained in "Failure to Thrive," a patient who presents with features of failure to thrive should be:
A)thoroughly evaluated to search for possible (and possibly treatable) underlying causes.
B)treated immediately for the disorder.
C)treated immediately for anemia.
D)evaluated for malnutrition.
21
As noted in "Failure to Thrive," mental illness such as depression may be an underlying factor of failure to thrive.
A)True
B)False
22
As reported in "Overweight and Mortality among Baby Boomers," excess adiposity in older adults can be a risk factor for:
A)lung cancer.
B)mortality.
C)nearsightedness.
D)hypertension.
23
As maintained in "Overweight and Mortality among Baby Boomers," a Korean study uncovered an association between BMI and:
A)gender.
B)decreased mobility.
C)chronic inflammatory state as evidenced by white blood cell counts.
D)chronic inflammatory state as evidenced by red blood cell counts.
24
As noted in "Overweight and Mortality among Baby Boomers," the defining cutoff BMI for obesity is 30.
A)True
B)False
25
As presented in "Lifetime Achievements," the latest statistics show that life expectancy in the United States:
A)has decreased steadily in the past decade.
B)is longer than Japanese life expectancy.
C)has increased since 1990.
D)remains stable at approximately 80 years.
26
As defined in "Lifetime Achievements," the "compression of morbidity" refers to:
A)the U.S. life expectancy rate when compared to other countries.
B)a person's life expectancy at birth.
C)the disabilities experienced by an aging population.
D)a reduction in the number of years of disability dependence at the end of life.
27
As claimed in "Lifetime Achievements," because Americans and their English counterparts share similar diets and lifestyles, they also share similar life expectancies.
A)True
B)False
28
According to "We Can Control How We Age," all of the following can contribute to aging well except:
A)not smoking.
B)avoiding obesity.
C)alcohol abstinence.
D)happy marriage.
29
As noted in "We Can Control How We Age," the Harvard study was a rarity in that it:
A)was limited to men.
B)was limited to women.
C)was funded by the government.
D)examined the well, not the sick.
30
As pointed out in "We Can Control How We Age," income accounts for a major part of better aging.
A)True
B)False
31
Many young and healthy adults, as explained in "Society Fears the Aging Process," avoid contact with elderly people because they fear:
A)the loss of independence associated with aging.
B)they will be obligated to spend increasing amounts of time with them.
C)they will have little in common with older people.
D)they might say something that will upset an older person.
32
As described in "Society Fears the Aging Process," when she first began visiting nursing homes, the author was most upset by the:
A)lack of visitors the residents received.
B)lack of concern the staff showed to the residents.
C)fear she might one day live in such a place.
D)sight of so many elderly people with little to say to each other.
33
In part because of the influence of present-focused advertising and television, as maintained in "Society Fears the Aging Process," the baby boomers can be considered an almost futureless generation.
A)True
B)False
34
As presented in "A Healthy Mind, A Longer Life," studies show that, when compared to those who hold negative views of their own aging, those who hold positive views:
A)live shorter but happier lives.
B)have had less exposure to negative cultural stereotypes.
C)live longer, healthier lives.
D)are less afraid of death.
35
As explained in "A Healthy Mind, A Longer Life," researchers believe that elderly Chinese perform better on memory tests than elderly Americans because:
A)memory is considered more important in Chinese culture than in American culture.
B)Chinese people are generally smarter than American people.
C)the Chinese have a negative view of aging, so elderly people must strive harder to prove themselves.
D)the Chinese have more positive views of aging, so they are not mentally affected by aging stereotypes.
36
As noted in "A Healthy Mind, A Longer Life," given the results of the Ohio Longitudinal Study of Aging and Retirement, negative images of aging could be considered a public-health issue.
A)True
B)False
37
As revealed in "Research: Oldest Americans Happiest," activities that contribute to happiness among the elderly include all of the following except:
A)volunteering.
B)attending religious services.
C)socializing with neighbors.
D)eating as much as they want.
38
People tend to think that age discrimination is not too bad, as maintained in "The Under-Reported Impact of Age Discrimination and Its Threat to Business Vitality," because they can visualize it as an issue of:
A)politics.
B)economics.
C)civil rights.
D)interpersonal relations.
39
Age is so critical to employees, as put forth in "The Under-Reported Impact of Age Discrimination and Its Threat to Business Vitality," that, in a recent study, it was considered more important in how workers are treated than all of the following attributes except:
A)education.
B)race
C)sexual orientation.
D)religion.
40
Instances of age discrimination in the workplace, as noted in "The Under-Reported Impact of Age Discrimination and Its Threat to Business Vitality," are less common for African American and Hispanic workers than for white employees.
A)True
B)False
41
As presented in "Alzheimer's—The Case for Prevention," cost-effective, scientifically robust steps that could dramatically reduce the incidence of dementia include all of the following except:
A)use of generic drugs.
B)lifestyle changes.
C)improved nutrition.
D)better diet.
42
As claimed in "Alzheimer's—The Case for Prevention," the same dietary changes that reduce the risk of Alzheimer's would also strongly benefit:
A)liver health.
B)improved vision.
C)cardiovascular health.
D)kidney function.
43
As explained in "Alzheimer's—The Case for Prevention," Omega-3 oils are a prerequisite of healthy brain function and may help prevent Alzheimer's.
A)True
B)False
44
According to "Brain Cancer: Could Adult Stem Cells Be the Cause—and the Cure?", it is now thought that adult neural stem cells may:
A)behave as embryonic stem cells and have the ability to grow into any type of cell.
B)become tumors.
C)fight tumor growth.
D)repair damaged DNA in other cells.
45
As noted in "Brain Cancer: Could Adult Stem Cells Be the Cause—and the Cure?", patients with brain cancer have worse outcomes when they are either clinically depressed or:
A)have high glucose levels.
B)have low glucose levels.
C)sedentary with a BMI over 30.
D)show high levels of neural stem cells.
46
As mentioned in "Brain Cancer: Could Adult Stem Cells Be the Cause—and the Cure?", brain cancer is one of the most virulent of cancers, and the median survival time has increased only by 4 months in the last 30 years.
A)True
B)False
47
As claimed in "Trust and Betrayal in the Golden Years," in the United States and Canada, elder abuse is growing as:
A)the aging population increases and services are cut.
B)cultural changes encourage negative views of the elderly.
C)the elderly population decreases and the youth population increases.
D)more elderly people are put into nursing homes and other institutions.
48
As reported in "Trust and Betrayal in the Golden Years," some experts predict that the "crime of the century" against the elderly will be:
A)physical abuse.
B)lack of resources and services.
C)financial exploitation.
D)lack of family ties.
49
As noted in "Trust and Betrayal in the Golden Years," elder abuse is virtually unheard of in cultures that hold positive views of aging and the elderly.
A)True
B)False
50
As noted in "The Extent and Frequency of Abuse in the Lives of Older Women and Their Relationship With Health Outcomes," the overall conclusion of this and previous research was that:
A)experiencing elder abuse has no correlation to nursing home placement.
B)emotional as opposed to physical abuse has few implications for overall health.
C)abuse takes a negative toll on quality of life for older persons.
D)older people who are abused are mostly victimized by non-family members.
51
As reported in "The Extent and Frequency of Abuse in the Lives of Older Women and Their Relationship With Health Outcomes," among those in the "abuse occurring often" group, the type of abuse most common was:
A)psychological/emotional.
B)sexual.
C)threat.
D)control.
52
According to "The Extent and Frequency of Abuse in the Lives of Older Women and Their Relationship With Health Outcomes," correlations between experiencing multiple types of abuse and reporting depression depended entirely on the frequency of abuse.
A)True
B)False
53
As shown in "Retire Right," the most popular ways for putting money aside for retirement among those in the survey included all of the following except
A)investing in raw land.
B)participating in a 401(k) or 403(b) plan at work.
C)having an IRA.
D)building up equity in their homes.
54
As asserted in "Retire Right," among the survey respondents, the most common age group in which to retire was:
A)55-59.
B)60-64.
C)65-69.
D)70+.
55
One regret among the retirees surveyed, as reported in "Retire Right," was that they did not have even more money to enjoy themselves.
A)True
B)False
56
As described in "Money for Life," good retirements:
A)are not possible any longer.
B)still require a pension, even if so few jobs have them.
C)are a state of mind rather than something concrete.
D)take good planning.
57
In order to retire debt-free, as detailed in "Money for Life," a person should:
A)live in a rental apartment.
B)pay off their mortgage or sell their house and buy something smaller for cash.
C)not undertake any new debt after turning 40.
D)ask his or her children for money.
58
As stated in "Money for Life," those with old-fashioned lifetime pensions are lucky dogs.
A)True
B)False
59
As shown in "Keep Pace with Older Workers," research on its own workforce led Borders Books to:
A)make a concerted effort to hire workers aged 50 and over.
B)make a concerted effort to hire workers under age 30.
C)offer more retirement benefits.
D)offer early-retirement incentives to its executive staff.
60
As mentioned in "Keep Pace with Older Workers," although more mature workers may not be as adept physically or mentally as younger workers, they generally make up for any shortcoming with:
A)a greater ability to adapt to change.
B)more reliable maintenance of their skills.
C)better problem-solving skills and experience to back them up.
D)better adaptation to computer training.
61
A report by the Urban Institute shows that there is no correlation between age and job performance, as noted in "Keep Pace with Older Workers."
A)True
B)False
62
As noted in "Color Me Confident," a recent study by the Center for Retirement Research showed the percentage of working-age households at risk of being unable to maintain their standard of living through retirement to be:
A)10 percent.
B)25 percent.
C)45 percent.
D)80 percent.
63
As cited in "Color Me Confident," to avoid struggling in retirement, Americans need to:
A)take advantage of early-retirement incentive programs.
B)plan to work for more years and begin saving a greater percentage of income now.
C)lobby their Congressional representatives to make changes in Social Security law.
D)downsize their current standard of living.
64
Although most Americans fear their retirement benefits will not be sufficient to support them as outlined in "Color Me Confident," relatively few have taken significant steps to save more money.
A)True
B)False
65
As related in "Work/Retirement Choices and Lifestyle Patterns of Older Americans," an individual's occupation is:
A)the sole means of identity.
B)easily given up for leisure pursuits.
C)perhaps the best single determinant of his or her status in the community.
D)not likely to be continued past middle age.
66
As set forth in "Work/Retirement Choices and Lifestyle Patterns of Older Americans," changing activities and roles that accompany retirement:
A)need not lead to a loss of self-respect or of active involvement in the mainstream of life.
B)must utilize all facets of an older person's personality.
C)depends solely upon income.
D)determines a retiree's ultimate health and well-being.
67
As mentioned in "Work/Retirement Choices and Lifestyle Patterns of Older Americans," the relevance of work and leisure activities for an individual is rarely intertwined in his or her thinking.
A)True
B)False
68
The author of "Development of Hospice and Palliative Care in the United States," supports:
A)enacting new procedures that would allow hospice and palliative caregivers to work together to benefit patients.
B)putting palliative care under the direction of hospices.
C)strictly separating hospice and palliative care.
D)making hospice care a subset of palliative care.
69
As explained in "Development of Hospice and Palliative Care in the United States," U.S. hospice care initially placed great emphasis on care in:
A)private hospitals.
B)the home.
C)municipal hospitals.
D)stand-alone facilities.
70
As noted in "Development of Hospice and Palliative Care in the United States," U.S. palliative care began through an effort to transplant hospice care from the United Kingdom to the United States.
A)True
B)False
71
As pointed out in "The Grieving Process," the ultimate goal in conquering loneliness during grief is to build new independence or:
A)find a new and equally viable relationship.
B)avoid being alone with one's memories.
C)put the lost loved one out of mind.
D)find contentment entirely within oneself.
72
As identified in "The Grieving Process," states shared by Kubler-Ross's dying process and Kavanaugh's grieving process include:
A)relief.
B)bargaining.
C)denial.
D)guilt.
73
As reported in "The Grieving Process," many men find their grief through anger.
A)True
B)False
74
As presented in "Mind Frames Towards Dying and Factors Motivating Their Adoption by Terminally Ill Elders," review of previous retrospective studies found that among the following, a factor that was not found to be significant in terminally ill patients' consideration of hastened death was:
A)fear of future pain.
B)loss of autonomy.
C)feeling that one is a burden.
D)depression.
75
As noted in "Mind Frames Towards Dying and Factors Motivating Their Adoption by Terminally Ill Elders," the author's study:
A)concentrated on factors motivating the consideration to hasten death.
B)measured pain and depression as qualitative factors.
C)was conducted retrospectively.
D)sampled only elders who had fewer than six months to live.
76
As reported in "Mind Frames Towards Dying and Factors Motivating Their Adoption by Terminally Ill Elders," respondents with the most education were of the mind frame with a specific plan to hasten death.
A)True
B)False
77
As detailed in "Oh Lord, Don't Put Me in a Nursing Home," although many elderly Americans qualify for home assistance through Medicaid and other elder-care programs:
A)many will not accept it since they do not like to have strangers in their homes.
B)most elderly people prefer the more intensive nursing-home care.
C)private assisted-living residences are considered preferable to remaining in one's home.
D)budget shortfalls and increased demand have required that most people remain on lengthy waiting lists for such services.
78
As cited in "Oh Lord, Don't Put Me in a Nursing Home," a majority of Medicaid monies for long-term care go toward nursing-home care because:
A)by law Medicaid is required to pay for nursing-home care for those needing such services.
B)patients generally prefer nursing home care to at-home care services.
C)most states have not yet implemented a home care infrastructure.
D)home care is far more expensive than nursing home care.
79
As reported in "Oh Lord, Don't Put Me in a Nursing Home," a recent survey showed that 70 percent of state offices on aging expect severe budget cuts in the near future.
A)True
B)False
80
As noted in "Where to Live as We Age," a major benefit of friendlier and more comfortable living accommodations over traditional nursing homes is:
A)greater patient compliance with medical advice and directives.
B)substantial savings for government healthcare agencies since they do not cover such long-term care options.
C)easier access for patients to highly-skilled medical personnel.
D)less depression among residents and increased ability to perform activities of daily living.
81
As reported in "Where to Live as We Age," in an effort to encourage a homier atmosphere rather than a cold, institutional, and medical environment, the director of nursing at the Cohoes Green House has:
A)restricted the use of hospital-type carts for delivery of medication; a more informal tea cart is used to transport items to residents.
B)restricted the use of traditional sedating tranquilizers to calm residents, preferring to utilize more holistic and homeopathic approaches to create a serene residence.
C)eliminated the requirement that medical staff wear uniforms.
D)instituted a policy of treating residents as co-owners of the residential home and not as medical patients.
82
As mentioned in "Where to Live as We Age," nursing homes house almost 1.4 million senior citizens in the United States.
A)True
B)False
83
As noted in "Finding a Good Home," "informal caregivers" are:
A)non-medical-professionals hired to assist older adults in their homes.
B)adult children or grandchildren who provide long-term care for their elderly relatives, either in their own home or their relative's home.
C)not a significant source of care for elderly Americans.
D)friends who look in on elderly adults needing the occasional check-in.
84
As mentioned in "Finding a Good Home," "respite care" refers to:
A)temporary care for elderly adults while their regular caregivers take a break from this stressful job.
B)a vacation destination that also provides aid to elderly adults requiring help with mobility or activities of daily living.
C)temporary-care workers.
D)groups formed to pool resources to provide care to elderly community members.
85
Recent years have seen a growth in geriatric-care managers, professionals who provide help for aging adults to stay in their homes rather than move to long-term care facilities, as cited in "Finding a Good Home."
A)True
B)False
86
As reported in "Declaration of Independents," what separates Beacon Hill Village from other retirement communities is that it:
A)charges low fees.
B)provides services in homes.
C)has assured-quality-service providers.
D)accepts people under age 60.
87
As noted in "Declaration of Independents," among the free benefits offered by Beacon Hill Village are all of the following except:
A)weekly car service to the grocery.
B)exercise classes.
C)home maintenance.
D)lectures by notable Bostonians.
88
As pointed out in "Declaration of Independents," using Beacon Hill Villages' a la carte services is often cheaper than assisted living.
A)True
B)False
89
As disclosed in "Dignified Retirement: Lessons from Abroad," Japan's retirement burden is expected to have less of a negative economic impact in 2030 than that of other developed countries because:
A)it has the least-rapidly aging population in the developed world.
B)Japanese society never adopted the pension system of funding retirement and its citizens are quite successful in saving individually.
C)people tend to work later into life than do workers in other parts of the developed world.
D)the Japanese economy has not suffered the recessionary hits that have plagued the rest of the developed world.
90
As discussed in "Dignified Retirement: Lessons from Abroad," most government retirement plans are financed on a "pay-as-you-go" basis, meaning:
A)funds paid out to retirees are collected from taxes on current workers.
B)workers pay into individual retirement accounts through their working lives, in essence accumulating a government-run savings account.
C)taxes are collected from retirees' private pensions to pay for government benefits.
D)funds are paid out to retirees using a two-tier plan to calculate benefit amount.
91
As noted in "Dignified Retirement: Lessons from Abroad," for every worker in America there are approximately four retired persons.
A)True
B)False
92
According to "Social Security's 70th Anniversary: Surviving 20 Years of Reform," original criticisms of Social Security were based on the claim that it was:
A)socialistic.
B)unsustainable.
C)too expensive.
D)unnecessary.
93
Regarding Social Security and politics, the author of "Social Security's 70th Anniversary: Surviving 20 Years of Reform" notes that:
A)Big Labor has been seen by people as an enemy of Social Security.
B)Democrats argue that a larger trust fund would not help Social Security.
C)polls show that voters trust Republicans more than Democrats on Social Security.
D)Democrats in the 2000 election realized that Social Security lockboxes were nonsense.
94
As pointed out in "Social Security's 70th Anniversary: Surviving 20 Years of Reform," partial privatization of Social Security would lead to larger retirement payments for most retirees.
A)True
B)False
95
As identified in "The Corporate Beneficiaries of the Medicare Drug Benefit," Medicare could have significantly cut costs and saved money if only it had:
A)restricted certain brand-name drugs from coverage.
B)emulated the Veterans Administration and directly negotiated with drug makers for discounts and lower prices.
C)cooperated with the Veterans Administration and combined the drug-benefit programs of the two agencies.
D)begun offering prescription-drug benefits much earlier than it finally did.
96
As pointed out in "The Corporate Beneficiaries of the Medicare Drug Benefit," in other industrialized countries:
A)prescription drug prices are 35-55 percent lower than in the United States.
B)most prescription drugs are not readily available.
C)health benefits for the elderly do not include prescription drugs.
D)drugs are prescribed far less often than in the United States.
97
As claimed in "The Corporate Beneficiaries of the Medicare Drug Benefit," expenses that are currently being shouldered by the elderly in the form of paying for the doughnut hole structure could have been eliminated by allowing Medicare to negotiate directly with drug companies.
A)True
B)False
98
According to "Coverage For All," Vermont is the first state to:
A)make mandatory healthcare insurance affordable.
B)recognize that a large majority of healthcare dollars are spent on the chronically ill.
C)consider individual incomes when setting healthcare co-payments.
D)require employers to insure workers.
99
As noted in "Coverage For All," Edmund Haislmaier of the Heritage Foundation says that the fundamentally different approach taken by Massachusetts is:
A)making the insurance stick to the person instead of the job.
B)fining people who do not have health insurance.
C)using the state as a single payer.
D)offering subsidized coverage.
100
As observed in "Coverage For All," the whole history of national healthcare has been one of people overreaching and getting nothing.
A)True
B)False
101
As remarked in "Riding Into the Sunset," America is a very wealthy nation, and the expanded longevity of its citizens is:
A)a financial burden putting many strains on fiscal solvency.
B)reaching a critical mass unsupportable by the social service system.
C)not a financial burden but an enormous underdeveloped asset.
D)limited to only the wealthy.
102
As explained in "Riding Into the Sunset," the great inequity in modern life is:
A)economic insecurity that prevents people from exploring life's larger questions.
B)medical care not keeping up with modern science.
C)third world nations' lack of ability to keep up with modern times.
D)the fact that children want their elders to move away from their lives.
103
As given in "Riding Into the Sunset," during the past generation, tax-exempt 401 (k) and IRA accounts became the principal pension plan for working people, displacing the traditional company pension.
A)True
B)False
104
As noted in "The New Face of Health Care," aside from the expected healthcare benefits garnered from improving quality, gains are also found in:
A)patient satisfaction.
B)significantly shortened hospital stays.
C)significantly lowered healthcare costs.
D)increased salaries for healthcare workers.
105
As set forth in "The New Face of Health Care," one thing that patients may not access via electronic health records is:
A)physicians' notes.
B)financial records such as invoices.
C)immunization records.
D)routine test results such as cholesterol levels.
106
As pointed out in "The New Face of Health Care," Medicare patients who require a hospital stay have an 18 percent chance of requiring another hospital admission within 30 days of discharge.
A)True
B)False
107
In the survey discussed in "As Good As It Gets," the only nation from among the following that ranked lower than the United States in providing for retirees was:
A)Japan.
B)Canada.
C)Germany.
D)Australia.
108
According to "As Good As It Gets," the United States rates worst among nations on:
A)college education.
B)per capita income.
C)home care.
D)total health costs.
109
As noted in "As Good As It Gets," a likely outcome of the revisions in the Swedish retirement system is that Swedes will have to work longer.
A)True
B)False
110
As claimed in "Population Aging, Entitlement Growth, and the Economy," factors changing the U.S. age structure include all of the following except:
A)increasing longevity.
B)surging AIDS deaths.
C)low fertility rates.
D)graying of the baby boomers.







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