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| 1 |  |  As described in "Digital natives, Digital Immigrants," the rapid dissemination of digital technology in the closing decades of the twentieth century is historically significant enough to be called: |
|  | A) | an incremental discontinuity. |
|  | B) | a singularity. |
|  | C) | a fundamental shift. |
|  | D) | ubiquitous. |
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| 2 |  |  As revealed in "Digital natives, Digital Immigrants," the author's preferred approach in teaching today's students is to: |
|  | A) | invent computer games, even for the most serious content. |
|  | B) | let the students teach him. |
|  | C) | judiciously restrict the use of digital technology in the classroom. |
|  | D) | approach each semester without a planned curriculum. |
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| 3 |  |  As suggested in "Digital natives, Digital Immigrants," in the digital age, certain "legacy" content will continue to be important, but some (like Euclidean geometry, perhaps) will lose its importance. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 4 |  |  As presented in "The Myth about Online Course Development," the legacy of the early era of online-course development is: |
|  | A) | a cohesive network of tried-and-true course development programs. |
|  | B) | an assortment of different applications and instructional designs scattered across campus. |
|  | C) | the stigma of ample funds squandered on the whims of a few zealous faculty members. |
|  | D) | a definitive model of good instructional design. |
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| 5 |  |  As described in "The Myth about Online Course Development," "good pedagogy" implies that: |
|  | A) | the instructor can develop targeted learning objectives. |
|  | B) | the institution provides adequate technology training for its faculty. |
|  | C) | the student is technologically mature enough to cope with Web-based tools of learning. |
|  | D) | students and teachers possess relatively similar Internet skills. |
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| 6 |  |  As stated in "The Myth about Online Course Development," most of today's faculty have been formally trained in the field of learning theory. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 7 |  |  As cited in "Creating Flexible E-Learning Through the Use of Learning Objects," David Wiley's apt definition of "learning object" is any: |
|  | A) | academic subject taught exclusively online. |
|  | B) | course required in a degree program. |
|  | C) | piece of information retrieved through online research. |
|  | D) | digital resource that can be used to support learning. |
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| 8 |  |  As described in "Creating Flexible E-Learning Through the Use of Learning Objects," eCore, an electronically delivered curriculum for USG, contains courses that: |
|  | A) | satisfy the entrance requirements for transfer students. |
|  | B) | lead to the completion of a doctorate program. |
|  | C) | are specifically designed for special-needs students. |
|  | D) | fulfill the first two years of an undergraduate degree. |
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| 9 |  |  As disclosed in "Creating Flexible E-Learning Through the Use of Learning Objects," the original version of SCOUT was so well received by faculty that it has remained virtually unchanged. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 10 |  |  As noted in "Meeting Generation NeXt: Today's Postmodern College Student," the concept used by sociologists and anthropologists to describe the typical personality characteristics of a given group or population is known as the concept of: |
|  | A) | group dynamics. |
|  | B) | generational disciplines. |
|  | C) | modal personality. |
|  | D) | social convention. |
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| 11 |  |  As described in "Meeting Generation NeXt: Today's Postmodern College Student," the group of Americans born between 1925 and 1944 are known as the: |
|  | A) | Postmodernists. |
|  | B) | Silent Generation. |
|  | C) | G.I. Generation. |
|  | D) | Lost Generation. |
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| 12 |  |  As suggested in "Meeting Generation NeXt: Today's Postmodern College Student," many of the social changes attributed to Baby Boomers were actually brought about by those of previous generations. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 13 |  |  The case study presented in "General Education Issues, Distance Education Practices: Building Community and Classroom Interaction Through the In" involves the redesign of a Pennsylvania State University course called: |
|  | A) | Innovations in Distance Education. |
|  | B) | Literature of Journalism. |
|  | C) | Communications. |
|  | D) | Principles and Practices. |
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| 14 |  |  As described in "General Education Issues, Distance Education Practices: Building Community and Classroom Interaction Through the In," the objective of integrating education and experience was furthered by creating for the students' computer desktops a multiple-media resource unit known as: |
|  | A) | a virtual toolbox. |
|  | B) | virtual scaffolding. |
|  | C) | a framework of facts. |
|  | D) | library learners. |
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| 15 |  |  As related in "General Education Issues, Distance Education Practices: Building Community and Classroom Interaction Through the In," the learner-centered approach of creating active learning experiences was eagerly embraced by all of the students in the case study. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 16 |  |  According to "Designing for Learning: The Pursuit of Well-Structured Content," a student who only took a course rather than studied a subject: |
|  | A) | did not participate in a course with appropriate content. |
|  | B) | focused on structure rather than content. |
|  | C) | did not integrate new facts into other knowledge structures. |
|  | D) | did not have needed preexistent knowledge structure. |
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| 17 |  |  As discussed in "Designing for Learning: The Pursuit of Well-Structured Content," all of the following are true of eXtensible Markup Language (XML) except that it: |
|  | A) | is text-based. |
|  | B) | is a metalanguage. |
|  | C) | allows users to structure information in their documents. |
|  | D) | displays documents exclusively in MS Word. |
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| 18 |  |  As pointed out in "Designing for Learning: The Pursuit of Well-Structured Content," designing for learning is made more difficult in the current environment by the scarcity of multimedia resources. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 19 |  |  As set forth in "Integrating Technology into the Instructional Process: Good Practice Guides the Way," when selecting software for teaching purposes, the key questions to consider include all of the following, except: |
|  | A) | What strategy is being introduced? |
|  | B) | Have students had prior experience with this strategy? |
|  | C) | What opportunities are planned for students to practice this skill elsewhere? |
|  | D) | Which students should be excluded from using this software? |
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| 20 |  |  As discussed in "Integrating Technology into the Instructional Process: Good Practice Guides the Way," R. J. Marzano, author of Dimensions in Learning, presents a model in which students can develop what he refers to as: |
|  | A) | productive habits of mind. |
|  | B) | remedial skills. |
|  | C) | exploratory experiences. |
|  | D) | technology integrators. |
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| 21 |  |  As prescribed in "Integrating Technology into the Instructional Process: Good Practice Guides the Way," if teachers want to make technology work for them, it is essential that they focus on the software, not on the curriculum. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 22 |  |  As asserted in "On the Right Track: Technology for Organizing and Presenting Digital Information," relatively few teachers routinely use technology in their teaching: |
|  | A) | even though parents are pressuring schools to spend more on technology. |
|  | B) | even though there is much evidence of the educational benefits of technology. |
|  | C) | because students are generally unresponsive to technology in the classroom. |
|  | D) | because schools are unwilling to invest in hardware and software. |
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| 23 |  |  As suggested in "On the Right Track: Technology for Organizing and Presenting Digital Information," the online resource TrackStar is especially popular with educators because: |
|  | A) | of its ease of use. |
|  | B) | it provides on-site support. |
|  | C) | it eliminates the need for classroom exams. |
|  | D) | of its aggressive promotional campaign. |
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| 24 |  |  As claimed in "On the Right Track: Technology for Organizing and Presenting Digital Information," the majority of teachers in more than 60 percent of U.S. schools use the Internet for instructional purposes. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 25 |  |  As profiled in "A Brief History of Instructional Design," noted instructional theorists of the twentieth century include all of the following, except: |
|  | A) | B. F. Skinner. |
|  | B) | John Locke. |
|  | C) | Benjamin Bloom. |
|  | D) | Robert Gagne. |
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| 26 |  |  As noted in "A Brief History of Instructional Design," the "space race" began in 1957 when: |
|  | A) | the United States established NASA. |
|  | B) | the Soviet Union launched the first Sputnik satellite. |
|  | C) | the U.S. military developed computer-operated telescopes. |
|  | D) | aeronautical engineering became the most popular degree program in American universities. |
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| 27 |  |  As stated in "A Brief History of Instructional Design," philosophical thought regarding the cognitive basis of learning began in the thirteenth century with the works of St. Thomas Aquinas. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 28 |  |  As recounted in "Designing Statistics Instruction for Middle School Students," the researchers learned that most middle-school students thought of "data analysis" as: |
|  | A) | something they had never heard of. |
|  | B) | something that people who fix computers do. |
|  | C) | doing something with numbers. |
|  | D) | some kind of a computer job you can get without a college degree. |
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| 29 |  |  As noted in "Designing Statistics Instruction for Middle School Students," the researchers decided that the overarching idea around which the instruction of statistics would be organized would be the notion of: |
|  | A) | absolute frequency. |
|  | B) | instructional sequence. |
|  | C) | data distribution. |
|  | D) | covariation. |
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| 30 |  |  As set forth in "Designing Statistics Instruction for Middle School Students," students' interest in and regard for mathematics varies as a consequence of family and/or ethnic history. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 31 |  |  As concluded in "Changes in Brain Function in Children with Dyslexia after Training," after training, the children with dyslexia showed: |
|  | A) | little change in reading ability and comprehension. |
|  | B) | improved reading and language ability. |
|  | C) | no changes in brain function. |
|  | D) | unchanged reading ability but improved language ability. |
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| 32 |  |  As maintained in "Changes in Brain Function in Children with Dyslexia after Training," the Fast ForWord Language program emphasizes all of the following except: |
|  | A) | pronunciation. |
|  | B) | discriminating rapid auditory signals. |
|  | C) | auditory attention. |
|  | D) | listening comprehension. |
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| 33 |  |  As noted in "Changes in Brain Function in Children with Dyslexia after Training," developmental dyslexia occurs as a result of a simple developmental lag. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 34 |  |  As discussed in "Implementing PDAs in a College Course: One Professor's Perspective," a study of PDA implementation at the University of South Dakota was conducted by applying the principles of: |
|  | A) | use-centered design. |
|  | B) | good image handling. |
|  | C) | graphical interface. |
|  | D) | document capability. |
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| 35 |  |  As claimed in "Implementing PDAs in a College Course: One Professor's Perspective," the most difficult part of PDA implementation for a course is: |
|  | A) | creating a datebook archive. |
|  | B) | editing text. |
|  | C) | converting existing text-based course material. |
|  | D) | deciding which of the various text formats to use. |
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| 36 |  |  As noted in "Implementing PDAs in a College Course: One Professor's Perspective," current technology does not allow Adobe Acrobat files to be converted for use on a PDA. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 37 |  |  As claimed in "Digital Game-Based Learning," analyses on gaming over the past 40 years have consistently shown that games used in teaching: |
|  | A) | do not significantly promote learning. |
|  | B) | reduce instructional times across many disciplines and ages. |
|  | C) | were more effective in the classroom prior to the digital age. |
|  | D) | detract from valuable textbook time. |
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| 38 |  |  According to "Digital Game-Based Learning," institutions of learning should assume responsibility for providing all of the following, except: |
|  | A) | off-campus DGBL labs to train outside support teams. |
|  | B) | documentation for what DGBL can look like. |
|  | C) | training for faculty to design and develop DGBL. |
|  | D) | trained staff to support faculty during the training process. |
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| 39 |  |  As asserted in "Digital Game-Based Learning," a COTS game with missing or inaccurate content cannot be used responsibly for DGBL. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 40 |  |  As set forth in "Podcasting and Vodcasting: A White Paper," all of the following may be said about audio-photo-video recording capabilities, except that: |
|  | A) | they will create a flood of multimedia content. |
|  | B) | they will be immediately adopted by the current class of students. |
|  | C) | their supporting technologies are relatively inexpensive. |
|  | D) | they will be enthusiastically embraced by much of the current faculty. |
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| 41 |  |  According to "Podcasting and Vodcasting: A White Paper," the most-used CMS for podcasting is: |
|  | A) | Adobe Album. |
|  | B) | Sony MusicMatch. |
|  | C) | Apple iTunes. |
|  | D) | MacTunes. |
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| 42 |  |  As stated in "Podcasting and Vodcasting: A White Paper," VODcasts are far less complex than podcasts. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 43 |  |  Among the major outcomes of the research reported in "Student Teachers' Perceptions of Instructional Technology; Developing Materials Based on a Constructivist Approach" were all of the following except that: |
|  | A) | constructivist learning activities foster active learning. |
|  | B) | instructors should be co-learners and guides for students. |
|  | C) | interview and writing data came to different conclusions regarding the impact of constructivist methods. |
|  | D) | a comprehensive technology must be available in teacher-education facilities. |
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| 44 |  |  As observed in "Student Teachers' Perceptions of Instructional Technology; Developing Materials Based on a Constructivist Approach," in a constructivist classroom: |
|  | A) | students learn and work independently of one another. |
|  | B) | learning is based on abstract problems. |
|  | C) | teachers are responsible for learning. |
|  | D) | student autonomy and initiative are accepted and encouraged. |
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| 45 |  |  As stated in "Student Teachers' Perceptions of Instructional Technology; Developing Materials Based on a Constructivist Approach," data from the study suggest that prior knowledge has little impact on students' subsequent achievement. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 46 |  |  In their review of present conditions, the authors of "Assessing and Monitoring Student Progress in an E-Learning Personnel Preparation Environment" report that: |
|  | A) | content-based programs are not being supported by funding agencies. |
|  | B) | improvement in e-learning instructional designs has been the focus of much research. |
|  | C) | traditional approaches to personnel preparation are being replaced with e-learning. |
|  | D) | new designs and applications in personnel preparation are being driven solely by technology. |
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| 47 |  |  As noted in "Assessing and Monitoring Student Progress in an E-Learning Personnel Preparation Environment," as compared to other types of learning, e-learning: |
|  | A) | relies heavily on interpersonal skills to compensate for structural disadvantages. |
|  | B) | requires that courses be designed in advance of teaching. |
|  | C) | has inherent disconnections between course structures and assessment. |
|  | D) | requires fewer instructional skills. |
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| 48 |  |  As suggested in "Assessing and Monitoring Student Progress in an E-Learning Personnel Preparation Environment," underlying principles of assessing the performance of adult learners change when applied to e-learning. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 49 |  |  As discussed in "Assessing the Technology Training Needs of Elementary School Teachers," high levels of anxiety in elementary-school teachers due to limited computer knowledge: |
|  | A) | are not uncommon and can be reduced through proper training and education. |
|  | B) | are today fairly rare, although the oldest teachers may have some feelings of computer unease. |
|  | C) | have never been examined as a legitimate concern. |
|  | D) | are perceived as very real by many alarmists, but research does not support the perception. |
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| 50 |  |  As mentioned in "Assessing the Technology Training Needs of Elementary School Teachers," in the 1990s the number of computers bought for schools in Georgia: |
|  | A) | was about half the number purchased for those schools in the 1970s. |
|  | B) | was above the national average by about 200 percent. |
|  | C) | increased greatly because of an influx of state lottery funds. |
|  | D) | was among the lowest in the country. |
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| 51 |  |  As addressed in "Assessing the Technology Training Needs of Elementary School Teachers," those who educate future teachers have made great strides in integrating computer expertise into the teacher-education curriculum. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 52 |  |  According to "An Investment in Tomorrow's University Students: Enhancing the Multimedia Skills of Today's K-12 Teachers," the often-overlooked key to using the potential of multimedia effectively is: |
|  | A) | community networking. |
|  | B) | administrative support. |
|  | C) | student orientation. |
|  | D) | teacher training. |
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| 53 |  |  As suggested in "An Investment in Tomorrow's University Students: Enhancing the Multimedia Skills of Today's K-12 Teachers," perhaps the biggest problem with successfully using multimedia technologies in the classroom is: |
|  | A) | finding and testing suitable software. |
|  | B) | getting the funding to maintain up-to-date hardware. |
|  | C) | asking teachers to try new methods. |
|  | D) | the expectation that technology itself will improve learning. |
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| 54 |  |  As explained in "An Investment in Tomorrow's University Students: Enhancing the Multimedia Skills of Today's K-12 Teachers," the graduate students who participated in the three-credit multimedia course in the summer of 1998 became experts in PowerPoint presentations in just three months. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 55 |  |  As interpreted in "The Value of Teaching and Learning Technology: Beyond ROI," VOI differs from ROI in its focus on: |
|  | A) | hardware investments rather than software applications. |
|  | B) | intermediate rather than final outcomes. |
|  | C) | accountability rather than bottom lines. |
|  | D) | methodologies rather than capabilities. |
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| 56 |  |  In "The Value of Teaching and Learning Technology: Beyond ROI," the authors use the initials TLT as a term for: |
|  | A) | true love of teaching. |
|  | B) | teaching and learning technology. |
|  | C) | technological literacy and tutoring. |
|  | D) | totally literate technologists. |
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| 57 |  |  As asserted in "The Value of Teaching and Learning Technology: Beyond ROI," the implementation of a CMS at Brigham Young University has improved student access to learning materials and opportunities. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 58 |  |  As expressed in "Boomers and Gen-Xers Millenials: Understanding the New Students," the students now entering higher education belong to the group known as: |
|  | A) | Baby Boomers. |
|  | B) | Millennials. |
|  | C) | Generation X. |
|  | D) | the Silent Generation. |
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| 59 |  |  As stated in "Boomers and Gen-Xers Millenials: Understanding the New Students," among the defining experiences of Generation X students was the: |
|  | A) | civil rights movement. |
|  | B) | Watergate scandal. |
|  | C) | Exxon Valdez oil spill. |
|  | D) | onset of the Cold War. |
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| 60 |  |  As asserted in "Boomers and Gen-Xers Millenials: Understanding the New Students," for today's learners, customer service is an exception, not an expectation. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 61 |  |  As profiled in "Science & Technology: It's A Perfect Match," Katie Long is among many teachers who: |
|  | A) | recognize the value of using technology in teaching, but lack the skills to do so. |
|  | B) | are using technology to motivate and excite students. |
|  | C) | belong to a generation of educators who are never going to fully appreciate the benefits of classroom technology. |
|  | D) | teach in schools with little or no up-to-date technological equipment. |
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| 62 |  |  As reported in "Science & Technology: It's A Perfect Match," teachers recommend that: |
|  | A) | all students be required to own laptops and bring them to school every day. |
|  | B) | the use of technology in science classes be limited to two or three days a week in grades K-8. |
|  | C) | teachers collaborate with each other and share great Web sites. |
|  | D) | teacher-friendly programs be developed, since incorporating technology in science lessons is difficult and often unrewarding. |
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| 63 |  |  As suggested in "Science & Technology: It's A Perfect Match," a good way for teachers to make the most of technology is to limit their focus to computers and Web sites. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 64 |  |  As set forth in "Technologies for Teaching Science and Mathematics in K-12 Schools: Reviews, Observations and Directions for Practice," the gap between technology-rich K-12 schools and technology-poor K-12 schools in the South is growing wider: |
|  | A) | even though the teachers are among the nation's best-trained technologically. |
|  | B) | because of a lack of available funding. |
|  | C) | despite attempts to bring the schools to national standards. |
|  | D) | because no one is trying to help the schools meet national standards. |
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| 65 |  |  As discussed in "Technologies for Teaching Science and Mathematics in K-12 Schools: Reviews, Observations and Directions for Practice," among the tangle of entities that govern American schools are non-governmental funding agencies, such as: |
|  | A) | the National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education. |
|  | B) | Science for All Americans. |
|  | C) | the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. |
|  | D) | the American Red Cross. |
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| 66 |  |  According to "Technologies for Teaching Science and Mathematics in K-12 Schools: Reviews, Observations and Directions for Practice," U.S. accrediting agencies include a variety of technical skills in their standards and benchmarks. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 67 |  |  As described in "Smarttutor: Combining Smartbooks and Peer Tutors for Multi-Media On-Line Instruction," SmartTutor facilitates a multimedia, Web-based peer-tutoring service geared to: |
|  | A) | college-bound high-school upperclassmen. |
|  | B) | state university undergraduates. |
|  | C) | urban community-college students. |
|  | D) | special-needs English-language learners. |
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| 68 |  |  As expressed in "Smarttutor: Combining Smartbooks and Peer Tutors for Multi-Media On-Line Instruction," the driving force of the SmartBooks approach is the use of: |
|  | A) | the Internet. |
|  | B) | linear navigation. |
|  | C) | pop-up windows. |
|  | D) | concept mapping. |
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| 69 |  |  As explained in "Smarttutor: Combining Smartbooks and Peer Tutors for Multi-Media On-Line Instruction," SmartTutor was never intended to mimic the knowledge and intuition of the effective teacher. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 70 |  |  As explained in "Changing Course Management Systems: Lessons Learned," the source that provided information on how accurately a course in one CMS could be converted to another CMS was: |
|  | A) | HTMLeZ. |
|  | B) | EduTools. |
|  | C) | e-College. |
|  | D) | apparently nonexistent. |
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| 71 |  |  As given in "Changing Course Management Systems: Lessons Learned," the percentage of faculty whose participation in the study caused them to believe that changing to a new, unified CMS would be too much effort for too little gain was: |
|  | A) | 8 percent. |
|  | B) | 30 percent. |
|  | C) | 65 percent. |
|  | D) | 90 percent. |
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| 72 |  |  As noted in "Changing Course Management Systems: Lessons Learned," the CMS-conversion study conducted at the University of North Dakota was modeled after a number of similar studies by several universities in the Northeast. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 73 |  |  As postulated in "Classroom Assessment in Web-Based Instructional Environment: Instructor's Experience," Web-based classroom assessment should be designed and practiced to impact: |
|  | A) | virtual interaction. |
|  | B) | pedagogical content. |
|  | C) | learner autonomy. |
|  | D) | a shared environment. |
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| 74 |  |  As cited in "Classroom Assessment in Web-Based Instructional Environment: Instructor's Experience," B. Collis and J. Moonen, in describing the change in online pedagogy from one that is teacher-centered to one that is focused on learner activity, used the term: |
|  | A) | goal accomplishment. |
|  | B) | shifted communication. |
|  | C) | pedagogical reengineering. |
|  | D) | triangulated truthfulness. |
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| 75 |  |  As reported in "Classroom Assessment in Web-Based Instructional Environment: Instructor's Experience," the primary coding procedure implemented in the author's case study was selective coding. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 76 |  |  As noted in "MISESS: Web-Based Examination, Evaluation, and Guidance," the electronic support system known as MISESS was developed in the MIS Department at: |
|  | A) | Sultan Qaboos University in Oman. |
|  | B) | Bogazici University in Turkey. |
|  | C) | the University of Coimbra in Portugal. |
|  | D) | Tribhuvan University in Nepal. |
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| 77 |  |  As explained in "MISESS: Web-Based Examination, Evaluation, and Guidance," the functions needed to satisfy MIS students' requirements include all of the following, except: |
|  | A) | chat with classmates. |
|  | B) | see exam results. |
|  | C) | take exams. |
|  | D) | log out. |
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| 78 |  |  As stated in "MISESS: Web-Based Examination, Evaluation, and Guidance," one of the drawbacks of MISESS is that instructors cannot update exam questions they have created and entered into the system. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 79 |  |  As defined in "The Myth about Student Competency 'Our Students Are Technologically Competent'," "information literacy" can be described by all of the following, except: |
|  | A) | a grasp of the level of competition in a high-tech world. |
|  | B) | the ability to locate, evaluate, and use needed information. |
|  | C) | a skill that carries legal and ethical implications. |
|  | D) | an understanding of the bias in information. |
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| 80 |  |  As explained in "The Myth about Student Competency 'Our Students Are Technologically Competent'," more than 90 percent of today's college and university students: |
|  | A) | are reluctant to learn new computer skills. |
|  | B) | prefer Macs to PCs. |
|  | C) | first used a computer between the ages of five and eight. |
|  | D) | own a computer. |
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| 81 |  |  As reported in "The Myth about Student Competency 'Our Students Are Technologically Competent'," virtually 100 percent of college and university students use word-processing programs and the Internet for their coursework, yet only 25 percent know how to create a Web page. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 82 |  |  As set forth in "Promoting Academic Literacy with Technology: Successful Laptop Programs in K-12 Schools," great disparities between language-minority students and native-English-speaking students exists in all of the following, except: |
|  | A) | intelligence. |
|  | B) | high-school graduation rates. |
|  | C) | college admission. |
|  | D) | adult wages. |
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| 83 |  |  As described in "Promoting Academic Literacy with Technology: Successful Laptop Programs in K-12 Schools," the school identified as Adelante Elementary is located in a: |
|  | A) | middle-class gated community near Miami, Florida. |
|  | B) | rural hamlet of northern Maine. |
|  | C) | linguistically diverse district of New York City. |
|  | D) | low-income Latino community of California. |
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| 84 |  |  As reported in "Promoting Academic Literacy with Technology: Successful Laptop Programs in K-12 Schools," the students at Adelante Elementary check out an average of one book per day from the school library. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 85 |  |  As set forth in "Probing for Plagiarism in the Virtual Classroom," in a study of 2,100 college students, the proportion who admitted to cheating or plagiarism was: |
|  | A) | less than one quarter. |
|  | B) | one third. |
|  | C) | half. |
|  | D) | more than two thirds. |
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| 86 |  |  As described in "Probing for Plagiarism in the Virtual Classroom," one of the features of threaded discussions that helps to combat plagiarism is that they: |
|  | A) | take place in real time. |
|  | B) | foster a sense of anonymity in students, which tends to make them more honest. |
|  | C) | do not allow students time to research issues before they have to respond to questions. |
|  | D) | provide many examples of each student's writing style, which in turn can help teachers determine if a student plagiarized a paper. |
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| 87 |  |  As brought out in "Probing for Plagiarism in the Virtual Classroom," the quality of online discussions tends to be much higher than traditional classroom-based discussions. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 88 |  |  As reported in "The Web's Impact on Student Learning," the most successful students in Web-based learning environments: |
|  | A) | have highly visual or independent learning styles. |
|  | B) | are aural or dependent learners. |
|  | C) | have interests in mathematics, statistics, and computers. |
|  | D) | typically are only average students in more traditional learning environments. |
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| 89 |  |  As described in "The Web's Impact on Student Learning," a useful way to analyze online exchanges is to: |
|  | A) | ignore the content of the exchanges and to focus on just the number of exchanges. |
|  | B) | focus on the number of different people with whom each individual interacts. |
|  | C) | look for indications of critical thinking in conferences. |
|  | D) | examine the average time interval between the posting of a message and the first response to it. |
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| 90 |  |  As brought out in "The Web's Impact on Student Learning," online work tends to degrade writing skills. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 91 |  |  As set forth in "Software Agents to Assist in Distance Learning Environments," the authors' proposed option for efficient management of distance-course activities involves: |
|  | A) | reducing the number of distance courses in the university curricula. |
|  | B) | giving course coordinators unassisted management responsibilities. |
|  | C) | employing a human teaching assistant to interact with the CMS. |
|  | D) | using a "software robot" to assist the teaching staff. |
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| 92 |  |  As noted in "Software Agents to Assist in Distance Learning Environments," the face-to-face sessions provided in the OUHK system include all of the following, except: |
|  | A) | day-school sessions. |
|  | B) | laboratory sessions. |
|  | C) | tutorial sessions. |
|  | D) | home-visit sessions. |
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| 93 |  |  As observed in "Software Agents to Assist in Distance Learning Environments," during the piloted use of the authors' software agent, several of the agent's operations failed to function properly. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 94 |  |  As suggested in "The Virtual Revolution: Understanding Online Schools," perhaps the best way to think about a virtual school is to think of a regular school without: |
|  | A) | health services. |
|  | B) | school board meetings. |
|  | C) | the building. |
|  | D) | the teachers. |
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| 95 |  |  As reported in "The Virtual Revolution: Understanding Online Schools," in November 2005, NACOL's listing of unique online-learning programs totaled: |
|  | A) | 26 in 8 states. |
|  | B) | 38 in 15 states. |
|  | C) | 84 in 22 states. |
|  | D) | 157 in 46 states. |
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| 96 |  |  As analyzed in "The Virtual Revolution: Understanding Online Schools," the social opportunities provided through virtual schools are limited and rarely present logistical challenges. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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| 97 |  |  As reported in "Learner Support Services for Online Students: Scaffolding for Success," the main causes of online student attrition are related to the: |
|  | A) | cost and availability of technology. |
|  | B) | levels of interaction and support provided by the teacher. |
|  | C) | academic experiences that students had before starting the online program. |
|  | D) | unavoidable lack of face-to-face contact with other students and instructors. |
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| 98 |  |  As described in "Learner Support Services for Online Students: Scaffolding for Success," promoting student access to a community of learners is important because it: |
|  | A) | exposes them to other experts who may be more critical of their work than their instructor would be. |
|  | B) | gives them a sense of belonging that encourages participation and discourages dropping out of the program. |
|  | C) | provides them with valuable networking experience. |
|  | D) | spreads teaching responsibilities over more faculty members. |
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| 99 |  |  As brought out in "Learner Support Services for Online Students: Scaffolding for Success," learner support services start with insuring that there is a good fit between the student's goals and the offerings of the online service. |
|  | A) | True |
|  | B) | False |
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