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Practice Quiz
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1
The U.S. criminal justice system, according to "What Is the Sequence of Events in the Criminal Justice System?" is founded on the concept that:
A)a crime victim is entitled to retribution from the accused.
B)individuals are innocent until proven guilty.
C)crimes against an individual are crimes against the State.
D)law enforcement officers can arrest an individual they suspect committed a crime.
2
According to "What Is the Sequence of Events in the Criminal Justice System?" if a prosecutor charges a suspect with a serious crime, the suspect:
A)immediately goes before a grand jury.
B)must be taken before a judge or magistrate without unnecessary delay for an initial appearance.
C)will be taken into pretrial detention.
D)will have a preliminary hearing to determine probable cause.
3
U.S. criminal cases, as presented in "What Is the Sequence of Events in the Criminal Justice System?" are all handled in a similar manner regardless of the jurisdiction.
A)True
B)False
4
As identified in "Plugging Holes in the Science of Forensics," a type of evidence that was found by the panel of experts to have been rigorously peer-reviewed was:
A)analysis of fingerprints.
B)DNA analysis.
C)bite marks.
D)striations of a gun's firing mechanism.
5
As reported in "Plugging Holes in the Science of Forensics," the problem in the forensic disciplines is:
A)lack of research in forensic science.
B)lack of research geared to improving technologies and techniques.
C)research has not reached a level where findings can be stated in a rigorous scientific way.
D)lack of motivation to set research standards.
6
As noted in "Plugging Holes in the Science of Forensics," the best place to validate scientific information in the area of forensics is the courtroom.
A)True
B)False
7
As reported in "Does Proximity to Schools Tempt Former Sex Offenders?", the court found in the Seering case that:
A)increasing offender transience is a desirable goal.
B)residency restrictions lead to housing shortages.
C)residency restrictions violate the right of association.
D)no fundamental right exists to choose where one lives.
8
As noted in "Does Proximity to Schools Tempt Former Sex Offenders?", states that have chosen not to enact residence restriction legislation include:
A)Alabama.
B)Colorado.
C)Iowa.
D)Georgia.
9
As pointed out in "Does Proximity to Schools Tempt Former Sex Offenders?", evidence suggests that job stability reduces likelihood of recidivism.
A)True
B)False
10
The case examined in "Stereotype, Then and Now" was one in which lacrosse players were accused but found innocent of rape; these lacrosse players were students at:
A)Yale University.
B)Johns Hopkins.
C)Duke University.
D)the University of Virginia.
11
As identified in "Stereotype, Then and Now," the "Group of 88" that ran a full-page ad in the student newspaper in support of protesters against the rape suspects were:
A)parents of students.
B)support staff employed at the university.
C)community business leaders.
D)faculty members.
12
According to the author of "Stereotype, Then and Now," the district attorney, Mike Nifong, actually concealed evidence of the players' innocence.
A)True
B)False
13
As reported in "The Death of the War on Drugs," dominant crime-control policies are driven by a:
A)concern for the economic effects of crime.
B)retributive view of punishment.
C)desire to rehabilitate offenders.
D)sense of helplessness.
14
As noted in "The Death of the War on Drugs," the author is ashamed that:
A)so many Americans abuse drugs.
B)there are so few effective drug rehabilitation programs.
C)nothing has been done to reduce the supply of drugs.
D)there are so many Americans incarcerated.
15
As observed in "The Death of the War on Drugs," people who violate minor drug laws have a right to comprehensive services to fix the cause of their illegal conduct.
A)True
B)False
16
In discussing capital punishment in "Of Crime and Punishment," Robert Vodde contends that the:
A)deterrent value of the death penalty has been empirically documented.
B)states with high execution rates also have high homicide rates.
C)majority of those sentenced to death in the last three decades have been executed.
D)Supreme Court has never found the death penalty unconstitutional.
17
As reported in "Of Crime and Punishment," James Kenny's view of profiling is that it:
A)is very accurate in predicting extreme violence.
B)is never a legitimate law enforcement tool.
C)should be used to identify future criminals.
D)should be used to identify people who need help.
18
As noted in "Of Crime and Punishment," police are taught that the level of force they should use should rise to the level of resistance being offered.
A)True
B)False
19
As revealed in "Serving Life for Providing Car to Killers," at the time of the murder, Ryan Holle was:
A)unaware that his car was being used by a friend.
B)trying to open the safe at the victim's home.
C)about a mile and a half away.
D)sitting outside the victim's home at the wheel of his car.
20
As noted in "Serving Life for Providing Car to Killers," Ryan Holle was the only one of the five men charged in the murder who:
A)was not carrying a weapon when he entered the victim's house.
B)was offered a plea bargain.
C)accepted a plea bargain.
D)went to prison.
21
As detailed in "Serving Life for Providing Car to Killers," the killing took place during an attempt to steal a safe containing about $10,000 in cash.
A)True
B)False
22
As noted at the outset of "Do Batterer Intervention Programs Work?", the programs:
A)change batterers' attitudes but not their behavior.
B)do not change batterers' attitudes or behavior.
C)change batterers' attitudes and have a major effect on behavior.
D)do not change batterers' attitudes and may have only minor effects on behavior.
23
As explained in "Do Batterer Intervention Programs Work?", those offenders who were most likely to batter again were those who:
A)had no stable residence.
B)were employed.
C)were married.
D)owned a home.
24
As noted in "Do Batterer Intervention Programs Work?", U.S. batterer intervention programs have been proliferating for the past two decades.
A)True
B)False
25
As noted in "Telling the Truth About Damned Lies and Statistics, as used in Chronicle of Higher Education, May 4, 2001. Excerpted from Damned Lies and Statistics: Untangling Numbers from the Media, Politicians, and Activists, (Univeristy of California Press, 2001). ," as a practical matter, it is virtually impossible for citizens in a contemporary society to:
A)understand complicated analyses.
B)avoid statistics about social problems.
C)create new statistical methods.
D)work on statistical ratios without a sound database.
26
As presented in "Telling the Truth About Damned Lies and Statistics, as used in Chronicle of Higher Education, May 4, 2001. Excerpted from Damned Lies and Statistics: Untangling Numbers from the Media, Politicians, and Activists, (Univeristy of California Press, 2001). ," becoming critical about statistics requires:
A)advanced mathematical concepts.
B)limited verbal insight.
C)being prepared to ask questions about numbers.
D)advanced technical skills.
27
As explained in "Telling the Truth About Damned Lies and Statistics, as used in Chronicle of Higher Education, May 4, 2001. Excerpted from Damned Lies and Statistics: Untangling Numbers from the Media, Politicians, and Activists, (Univeristy of California Press, 2001). ," thinking critically about statistics requires an understanding of human nature.
A)True
B)False
28
According to "Identity Theft Trends: Abuse of Social Security Numbers," primary and secondary schools use Social Security numbers:
A)in compliance with No Child Left Behind.
B)only for purposes recognized by law.
C)as a matter of convenience.
D)to report criminal behavior.
29
As stated in "Identity Theft Trends: Abuse of Social Security Numbers," identity-theft rings circumvent the E-Verify system by:
A)changing single digits in the Social Security numbers.
B)obtaining and selling entire identities.
C)using the numbers of the deceased.
D)turning to credit-card numbers.
30
As reported in "Identity Theft Trends: Abuse of Social Security Numbers," the more Social Security numbers are used unnecessarily, the higher the probability that these numbers will be improperly disclosed. (T)
A)True
B)False
31
In evaluating her experience as a rape victim, the author of "Violence and the Remaking of a Self" finally concludes that:
A)her recovery was quite rapid.
B)she will never be the same person she was.
C)her physical injuries were minor, but her emotional damage was significant.
D)her physical injuries were severe, but her emotional damage was minor.
32
The author/victim of "Violence and the Remaking of a Self" discovered that an almost universal response of others to rape is:
A)massive denial.
B)outrage.
C)sorrow.
D)fear.
33
As related in "Violence and the Remaking of a Self," even the most well-meaning individuals can inadvertently add to the victim's suffering.
A)True
B)False
34
According to "Understanding Stockholm Syndrome," hostages may exhibit the syndrome in situations that feature all of the following except:
A)a long duration before resolution.
B)captors who do not abuse the victim.
C)a very low level of emotion.
D)continued contact between the perpetrator and hostage.
35
As described in "Understanding Stockholm Syndrome," the 1985 hijacking of TWA Flight 847 is not considered a Stockholm syndrome situation because:
A)the hostage situation did not last long enough.
B)the hijackers treated the hostages violently.
C)the hostages could not understand the hijackers' language.
D)women and children were released.
36
As concluded in "Understanding Stockholm Syndrome," in a hostage situation, eventually the hostage views the perpetrator as giving life by simply not taking it.
A)True
B)False
37
As reported in "Judge Steven Leifman Advocates for the Mentally Ill," among the results of putting the mentally ill in jail are all of the following except:
A)increase in homelessness.
B)police injuries.
C)wasted tax dollars.
D)increased quality of mental-health care.
38
As noted in "Judge Steven Leifman Advocates for the Mentally Ill," the task force appointed by the chief judge in Florida found that:
A)most of Florida's mentally ill come into contact with the criminal-justice system eventually.
B)people with the highest need are least likely to be involved with the criminal-justice system.
C)a small group of the mentally ill keep recycling again and again.
D)people with the highest access to services are most likely to be involved in the criminal-justice system.
39
As stated in "Judge Steven Leifman Advocates for the Mentally Ill," the Miami-Dade Jail is the largest psychiatric facility in the state of Florida.
A)True
B)False
40
As concluded in "Victim Satisfaction with the Criminal Justice System," women who have been abused benefit the most when the criminal justice system collaborates and coordinates with:
A)legal aid.
B)the woman's extended family.
C)law enforcement.
D)nonprofit and community-based agencies.
41
The theory of researchers cited in "Victim Satisfaction with the Criminal Justice System" was that women who had experienced abuse in childhood might view reporting later abuse to the police as:
A)their last resort.
B)retroactive betrayal of the adult, usually a parent or relative, who had abused them.
C)a useless ritualism.
D)the first step toward independence.
42
As revealed in "Victim Satisfaction with the Criminal Justice System," victims of physical abuse were more likely to report subsequent offenses if they were less serious, like violations of restraining orders, rather than physical assaults.
A)True
B)False
43
As stated in "Policing in Arab-American Communities after September 11," the key to building trust of law enforcement is:
A)a media campaign that targets television shows popular in the Arab-American community.
B)teaching children about U.S. laws and law enforcement in school so that they can pass the knowledge on to their parents.
C)reaching out to the local community.
D)an increased perception of external security to decrease public fears of terrorist attacks.
44
As reported in "Policing in Arab-American Communities after September 11," one FBI special agent said that the general public calls in some ridiculous accusations, noting that it is really guilt by:
A)association.
B)being Muslim.
C)personal vendetta.
D)ethnic background.
45
According to "Policing in Arab-American Communities after September 11," some Arab-Americans have said they fear federal policies and practices even more than violence against them.
A)True
B)False
46
The growing acceptance of racist law-enforcement practices, as pointed out in "Racial Profiling and Its Apologists," has been based on all of the following _except:_
A)expert testimony from academic researchers.
B)slippery logic.
C)deceptive use of crime statistics.
D)a general disregard for the individuals affected by these practices.
47
Higher crime rates among African Americans, as stated in "Racial Profiling and Its Apologists," are most properly attributed to:
A)fewer educational opportunities.
B)anger over racial injustices.
C)adverse economic conditions.
D)self-reinforcing cycles of violence.
48
In simple numerical terms, as cited in "Racial Profiling and Its Apologists," whites commit three times more violent crimes each year than blacks.
A)True
B)False
49
According to "Our Oath of Office: A Solemn Promise," federal law-enforcement officers take an oath because:
A)the President orders it.
B)it is traditional.
C)they choose to.
D)it is a constitutional requirement.
50
As pointed out in "Our Oath of Office: A Solemn Promise," the federal oath was first expanded during the administration of:
A)John Quincy Adams.
B)Andrew Jackson.
C)James Buchanan.
D)Abraham Lincoln.
51
As noted in "Our Oath of Office: A Solemn Promise," the oath required of state officers by federal statute has not changed since the eighteenth century.
A)True
B)False
52
The author of "Stress Management…and the Stress-proof Vest," holds that the quality of law enforcement will be improved by:
A)offering free education to officers.
B)emphasizing the military aspects of police work.
C)higher morale and reduced stress.
D)making promotions easier.
53
Because of the nature of their work, as brought out in "Stress Management…and the Stress-proof Vest," police officers often feel:
A)satisfied.
B)appreciated.
C)optimistic.
D)disconnected.
54
As detailed in "Stress Management…and the Stress-proof Vest," police officers are at high risk for stress disorders and commit suicide at up to three times the national average.
A)True
B)False
55
According to "Judging Honesty by Words, Not Fidgets," people who are telling a prepared lie are more likely than truth tellers to:
A)slump in their seat.
B)stick to a tight script.
C)sweat.
D)avert their eyes.
56
As identified in "Judging Honesty by Words, Not Fidgets," the fictional detective whose interrogation technique most matches the one advocated by scientists who have researched interrogation methods is:
A)Dirty Harry.
B)Joe Friday.
C)Lt. Columbo.
D)Inspector Lestrade.
57
As noted in "Judging Honesty by Words, Not Fidgets," researchers in Sweden found that less confrontational interrogations were associated with a higher likelihood of confession.
A)True
B)False
58
As reported in "Law Enforcement Perspective on the Use of Force," among the concepts taught in the program described is:
A)edged weapons are not as dangerous to officers as firearms.
B)officers have limited time to make deadly force decisions.
C)persons without weapons should not be considered a threat.
D)officers use deadly force in most cases where possible.
59
As noted in "Law Enforcement Perspective on the Use of Force," among those whom the authors consulted in preparing the program were all of the following except:
A)members of local law enforcement.
B)officers who survived deadly force used against them.
C)offenders convicted of harming officers.
D)media representatives.
60
As stated in "Law Enforcement Perspective on the Use of Force," most suspects are incapacitated by one shot.
A)True
B)False
61
As noted in "Illegal Globally, Bail for Profit Remains in U.S.," commercial bail-bond companies dominate the pre-trial release systems of only two nations, the United States and:
A)Great Britain.
B)Afghanistan.
C)India.
D)the Philippines.
62
As related in "Illegal Globally, Bail for Profit Remains in U.S.," the system of bail to make sure defendants show up for trial has its roots in:
A)English common law.
B)Dutch law as applied in colonial America.
C)the Napoleonic code.
D)medieval Germanic law.
63
As given in "Illegal Globally, Bail for Profit Remains in U.S.," one of the problems with the bail bond system is that 40 percent of people released on bail are eventually acquitted or have the charges dropped, and many of those people have paid a nonrefundable fee to remain free in the meantime.
A)True
B)False
64
As noted in "Avoiding Sixth Amendment Suppression: An Overview and Update," police conduct deemed to be a critical state for Sixth Amendment right to counsel includes:
A)a physical lineup.
B)taking handwriting exemplars.
C)requests for consent to search.
D)taking blood samples.
65
According to "Avoiding Sixth Amendment Suppression: An Overview and Update," triggering events for Fifth Amendment right to counsel include:
A)custody.
B)on-scene witness interview.
C)traffic stop or other incidental contact.
D)administration of a search warrant.
66
As stated in "Avoiding Sixth Amendment Suppression: An Overview and Update," the Supreme Court ruled in Miranda v. Arizona that custodial interrogation applies inherently compelling pressures.
A)True
B)False
67
As reported in "When Our Eyes Deceive Us," the argument offered by researcher Gary Wells for reforming our eyewitness-identification system is that:
A)witnesses are uncomfortable in the witness stand.
B)too many false identifications have been made.
C)there is an incentive for the police to subtly nudge memories.
D)eyewitness testimony is inherently tainted.
68
As noted in "When Our Eyes Deceive Us," Timothy Cole:
A)was never positively identified by a witness.
B)was freed from prison after DNA evidence proved him innocent.
C)had to take his case all the way to the Supreme Court.
D)died in prison before he was exonerated.
69
As stated in "When Our Eyes Deceive Us," the issue of eyewitness-identification reform tracks along the usual left-right divide.
A)True
B)False
70
According to "Abandoning Places," an individual's Fourth Amendment rights and protections in relation to a property cease when the individual:
A)fails to take reasonable care of the property.
B)abandons the property.
C)does not own the property.
D)commits a crime in the property.
71
As pointed out in "Abandoning Places," regarding rental property, courts have ruled that:
A)all hotel employees have authority to consent to police searches of hotel rooms.
B)hotel guests have no reasonable expectation of privacy.
C)only hotel owners have authority to consent to police searches of hotel rooms.
D)the hotel guest no longer has right to privacy after the rental agreement is over.
72
As stated in "Abandoning Places," the government has the burden of proving that an abandonment of a location has occurred.
A)True
B)False
73
As pointed out in "When Evidence Is Ignored," residence restrictions for sex offenders appear to be intuitively logical and well-intentioned public policies, but:
A)there are several Supreme Court cases pending challenging the constitutionality of such laws.
B)no empirical data exist to support the belief that residence restrictions reduce sex-offender recidivism
C)logistically, such policies are nearly impossible to enforce.
D)evidence suggests that a "one strike and you are out" rule would be more effective.
74
As mentioned in "When Evidence Is Ignored," the sex offenders with the highest probability of re-offense are:
A)pedophiles who molest boys.
B)pedophiles who molest girls.
C)adult male rapists who molest women.
D)sex offenders who demonstrate unusual fetishes.
75
According to "When Evidence Is Ignored," sexual assaults, like most crimes, have been in decline for 15 years.
A)True
B)False
76
According to "When the Poor Go to Court," indigent defense programs:
A)guarantee all defendants competent counsel.
B)are funded by the federal government.
C)are mostly paid for by cities and counties.
D)are stringently regulated by the federal government.
77
As noted in "When the Poor Go to Court," Norman Lefstein of the American Bar Association contends that:
A)cases where incompetent counsel played a role in court outcomes are rare.
B)evidence shows that inadequate counsel often leads to wrongful conviction.
C)tremendous progress is being made to assure rightful verdicts in American courts.
D)there is no widespread problem of inadequate counsel in American courts.
78
As stated in "When the Poor Go to Court," there is not a single documented case of inadequate counsel leading to wrongful execution of anyone in the United States.
A)True
B)False
79
As suggested in "Justice & Antonin Scalia," Antonin Scalia was able to get past questioning by the Democrat-controlled Senate Judiciary Committee by:
A)refusing to discuss his views on any question likely to come before him.
B)offering only vague and equivocating answers to questions.
C)presenting himself as less conservative than he really is.
D)being personally affable.
80
As noted in "Justice & Antonin Scalia," Antonin Scalia and other legal scholars think the twentieth century's most influential justice was:
A)Thurgood Marshall.
B)William Brennan.
C)Earl Warren.
D)William O. Douglas.
81
As reported in "Justice & Antonin Scalia," the Chief Justice has the task of assigning Supreme Court opinions in which he or she is on the majority.
A)True
B)False
82
As related in "America's Imprisoned Kids," the main argument of Leland Yee, a California state senator, against sentencing children to life imprisonment without parole is that:
A)it is embarrassing to the United States internationally.
B)the human brain is still maturing during adolescence and therefore minors are more likely to rehabilitate.
C)it is inconsistent with the religious doctrine of forgiveness.
D)it rises to the level of cruel and unusual punishment.
83
As cited in "America's Imprisoned Kids," law professor Babe Howell suggests that someday the United States may be as embarrassed by life sentences for juveniles as by:
A)Jim Crow laws in the 1950s and 1960s.
B)the use of child labor in factories in the early 1900s.
C)our country's involvement in the Iraq War.
D)slavery before the Civil War.
84
As put forth in "America's Imprisoned Kids," the only country that has a higher number of children in prisons with life sentences without parole or the death penalty is Somalia.
A)True
B)False
85
As stated in "The 21st Century Juvenile Justice Work Force," the corrections field is facing a work-force crisis because:
A)too many people are trying to enter the field.
B)the educational requirements for new employees are so high.
C)the chief need is for workers over 50.
D)changing demographics are leading to fewer motivated, qualified workers entering and remaining in the field.
86
As presented in "The 21st Century Juvenile Justice Work Force," unlike adult correctional workers, those in juvenile justice:
A)must deal with violent prisoners.
B)have a critical public-safety role.
C)have a child-welfare role.
D)have prisoners with substance-abuse problems.
87
Fortunately, as pointed out in "The 21st Century Juvenile Justice Work Force," there is ample information available on the juvenile justice workforce.
A)True
B)False
88
The dominant concern in the juvenile-justice system, as maintained in "Teens Caught in the Middle: Juvenile Justice System and Treatment," is most often:
A)building trust.
B)rehabilitation.
C)counseling for social problems.
D)maintaining control.
89
Substance-abuse treatment for adult prisoners, as noted in "Teens Caught in the Middle: Juvenile Justice System and Treatment," is mandated in:
A)California.
B)New Mexico.
C)Florida.
D)New York.
90
While substance-abuse treatment for adults in the criminal-justice system is inadequate, as pointed out in "Teens Caught in the Middle: Juvenile Justice System and Treatment," the situation is even worse for incarcerated juvenile offenders.
A)True
B)False
91
As described in "Jail Time Is Learning Time," the Incarcerated Education Program of the Onondaga County Justice Center in Syracuse, New York, was established to:
A)prepare inmates for their transfer to maximum-security prisons.
B)train guards to deal appropriately with inmate behavior.
C)provide education and training to inmates during incarceration.
D)help inmates deal with life in jail.
92
As claimed in "Jail Time Is Learning Time," the educational program at the Onondaga County Justice Center is unique in that it:
A)allows only minors to participate in the program.
B)includes law-enforcement personnel who are also certified instructors.
C)offers a GED education and exam component.
D)employs the direct-supervision model of inmate management.
93
As noted in "Jail Time Is Learning Time," the average passing rate for the GED exam among Onondaga County Justice Center inmates is higher than that of the general public.
A)True
B)False
94
According to "Lifers as Teenagers, Now Seeking Second Chance," the American legal system emphasizes individual responsibility and punishment, while the European legal systems emphasize:
A)rehabilitation.
B)forgiveness.
C)the responsibility of society at large.
D)reparations.
95
As quoted in "Lifers as Teenagers, Now Seeking Second Chance," the prosecutor in the Ashley Jones case believes that Ashley should not receive parole because:
A)it would send the wrong message to other teenagers contemplating crimes.
B)she believes that Ashley has no conscience and would be a threat to kill again.
C)age should not be an issue when the crime is so serious.
D)that was the punishment at the time the crime was committed.
96
As reported in "Lifers as Teenagers, Now Seeking Second Chance," Ashley Jones' grandmother, Mary Nalls, believes that Ashley should have a chance for parole.
A)True
B)False
97
As reported in "Violence in Adolescent Dating Relationships," factors associated with decreased risk of dating violence include:
A)exposure to peer drinking activities.
B)negative parent-child interactions.
C)doing well in school.
D)earlier exposures to violence.
98
As noted in "Violence in Adolescent Dating Relationships," the region of the United States where adolescents are at substantially greater risk for experiencing dating violence is:
A)New England.
B)the West Coast.
C)the Upper Midwest.
D)the South.
99
As stated in "Violence in Adolescent Dating Relationships," the likelihood of victimization from violence increases as the number of dating partners increases.
A)True
B)False
100
Exploring the problems of youth mental-health treatment, the author of "Mentally Ill Offenders Strain Juvenile System" notes that:
A)prisons cannot distribute psychotropic drugs.
B)juvenile offenders cannot take multiple drugs.
C)there is a shortage of mental-health professionals for children.
D)there is no correlation between quality of mental health services and recidivism.
101
As stated in "Mentally Ill Offenders Strain Juvenile System," Ohio Governor Ted Strickland:
A)had no understanding of prison psychology.
B)increased expenditures for mental-health services.
C)was advised that his actions would reduce the youthful-offender population.
D)was a former prison psychologist.
102
As observed in "Mentally Ill Offenders Strain Juvenile System," the majority of the nation's juvenile inmates have at least one mental illness.
A)True
B)False
103
According to "Inmate Count in U.S. Dwarfs Other Nations'," what truly distinguishes American prison policy is the:
A)harshness of prison conditions.
B)length of sentences.
C)length of the trial process.
D)emphasis on rehabilitation.
104
As discussed in "Inmate Count in U.S. Dwarfs Other Nations'," an anomaly of the American criminal-justice system is that:
A)defendants have legal counsel.
B)American criminals are the world's least violent.
C)Americans are protected from searches.
D)American judges are elected.
105
As stated in "Inmate Count in U.S. Dwarfs Other Nations'," the United States leads the world in prison admissions per capita.
A)True
B)False
106
As stressed in "Felon Fallout," the most important issue within California prisons is:
A)rehabilitation of inmates.
B)controlling prison gangs.
C)overcrowding.
D)drug use.
107
As given in "Felon Fallout," the key factor driving reform of the California prison system is:
A)Governor Schwarzenegger's fame and personality.
B)the threat of a court takeover of the system.
C)the recognized need to control costs.
D)AIDS spreading among prisoners.
108
As stated in "Felon Fallout," California is the state that has added "and Rehabilitation" to the title of its Department of Corrections.
A)True
B)False
109
As reported in "Asking about Family Can Enhance Reentry," former prisoners interviewed four to eight months after their release cited, as the most important factor in helping them stay out of prison, their:
A)jobs.
B)faith.
C)fear of returning to prison.
D)families.
110
As listed in "Asking about Family Can Enhance Reentry," the five locations chosen for the pilot study of the Relational Inquiry Tool included two women's prisons, two men's prisons, and a:
A)minimum-security facility for white-collar prisoners.
B)church-based case-management program for adults recently released from prison.
C)co-ed facility in which men and women occupy separate wings.
D)military prison.
111
As mentioned in "Asking about Family Can Enhance Reentry," more than half a million individuals are expected to leave prison this year.
A)True
B)False
112
As asserted in "The Ex-Con Next Door," the best predictor of success for ex-cons in avoiding a return to prison is:
A)holding a job.
B)close monitoring by a parole officer.
C)education and job training before release from prison.
D)frequency of contact with family during incarceration.
113
As put forth in the box "An EZ-Pass System for Offenders" within the article "The Ex-Con Next Door," ATM-like kiosks are used to track probationers in:
A)Los Angeles.
B)Las Vegas.
C)Houston.
D)New York City.
114
As stated in "The Ex-Con Next Door," more than two thirds of all prisoners end up back behind bars within three years of release.
A)True
B)False
115
According to "Prison Inmates Meet Socrates," the most important dimension of the mission of the three Texas educational programs is to reduce recidivism and:
A)increase inmate employability.
B)build a cohesive inmate community.
C)promote positive changes in thinking and conduct.
D)encourage empathy.
116
As noted in "Prison Inmates Meet Socrates," W.P. Montague contended that:
A)all criminals could be cured by being given Socratic wisdom.
B)wrong conduct is due to lack of will.
C)cure of the criminal should be the emphasis of criminal justice.
D)educating criminals is a waste of resources.
117
As reported in "Prison Inmates Meet Socrates," Socrates' doctrine is diametrically opposed to the orthodox belief that humans are sinners.
A)True
B)False
118
According to "One Clique," the commonly accepted major categories of security threat groups (STGs) include all of the following except:
A)street gangs.
B)drug cartels.
C)extremist/separatist groups.
D)motorcycle clubs.
119
As noted in "One Clique," the primary barrier between staff and Hispanic inmates in Georgia is:
A)STG membership.
B)socioeconomic level.
C)language.
D)religion.
120
As pointed out in "One Clique," situational associations do not have the potential to compromise security in correctional settings.
A)True
B)False
121
According to "The Professor Was a Prison Guard," the main difference between prison and academic life is that:
A)the university represents the hope, prison the failing, of the meritocracy.
B)academic life is so much safer.
C)prison life lacks prestige.
D)prison life is more reliable, and the pay is better.
122
As recounted in "The Professor Was a Prison Guard," when the author found some "joints" during a search, he was particularly bothered because:
A)they came from outside.
B)drugs were so valuable.
C)smuggling contraband in almost never succeeded.
D)a correction officer had to be involved.
123
As noted in "The Professor Was a Prison Guard," prisons run best when they respond appropriately to needs as well as misdeeds.
A)True
B)False
124
According to "Supermax Prisons," Supermaxes have proliferated for all of the following reasons except that they are:
A)cheaper to build and maintain.
B)new facilities to control the "worst of the worst."
C)a result of careerism of correctional administrators.
D)a response to the punitive agenda that took hold of criminal justice beginning in the early 1980s.
125
As given in "Supermax Prisons," Supermax facilities can be found in:
A)a quarter of the states.
B)about two-thirds of the states.
C)the South and West only.
D)the Northeast primarily.
126
As pointed out in "Supermax Prisons," many state directors of correction have admitted that the Supermax concept was a mistake.
A)True
B)False
127
The only nation to come close to the U.S. incarceration rate, as explained "The Results of American Incarceration," is:
A)Sweden.
B)Great Britain.
C)China.
D)Russia.
128
During World War II, as pointed out in "The Results of American Incarceration," the U.S. prison population declined significantly, largely because:
A)employment rates were high.
B)a large number of young men were in the armed forces.
C)there was a high level of community engagement and patriotism.
D)criminal penalties were harsher than at any other time in U.S. history.
129
Although some countries have high incarceration rates, as noted in "The Results of American Incarceration," most industrialized countries have far lower rates of violent crime than the United States.
A)True
B)False
130
As explained in "Partnering with Law Enforcement," the regional councils in Rhode Island:
A)are not permitted to be associated with faith-based groups.
B)have not yet had an impact on former prisoners.
C)lack social credibility.
D)have transformed the way agencies are able to assist returning inmates.
131
As noted in "Partnering with Law Enforcement," the first regional council in Rhode Island was in:
A)Newport
B)Warwick.
C)Silver Lake.
D)Providence.
132
As stated in "Partnering with Law Enforcement," Cheryl Robinson reports that her only clients who returned to prison were the ones who refused help.
A)True
B)False





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