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Practice Quiz
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1
As explained in “The New Face of Development,” relatively new to the equation of what constitutes international development are all of the following elements, except:
A)political rights.
B)human security.
C)material conditions.
D)sustainable development.
2
As stated in “The New Face of Development,” Western economists have always believed that the driver of development is:
A)public investment.
B)private investment.
C)public-private partnership.
D)pay-as-you-go economics.
3
As observed in “The New Face of Development,” in the past 25 years, China’s development has lifted a quarter of a billion people out of poverty.
A)True
B)False
4
As claimed in “How Development Leads to Democracy,” democracy is most likely to thrive:
A)in Western countries.
B)under certain social and cultural conditions.
C)under U.S. occupation.
D)in newly emerging world powers.
5
As explained in “How Development Leads to Democracy,” democracy is most likely to emerge as a result of:
A)war.
B)colonization.
C)capitalism.
D)modernization.
6
As noted in “How Development Leads to Democracy,” democratic institutions are relatively easy to establish almost anywhere at any time.
A)True
B)False
7
As identified in “The Ideology of Development,” the “high church” of Development is the:
A)New York Times.
B)World Bank.
C)Nazi Party.
D)United Nations.
8
As averred in “The Ideology of Development,” the attitude of those who espouse development—being sure they know the answer, vehemently rejecting disagreement, and later changing their answers—is likened to a psychiatric diagnosis of:
A)schizophrenia.
B)bipolar disorder.
C)dissociative identity disorder.
D)borderline personality disorder.
9
As portrayed in “The Ideology of Development,” the growth of China’s economy is an example of the success of the Development ideology.
A)True
B)False
10
According to “Africa’s Village of Dreams,” the Millennium Villages Project aims at ending poverty by:
A)focusing on improved transportation.
B)sudden, huge injections of money.
C)creating entrepreneurs.
D)establishing networks of community colleges.
11
As set out in “Africa’s Village of Dreams,” Sauri’s new health clinic currently provides all of the following services except:
A)mosquito nets.
B)walk-in treatment.
C)contraceptives.
D)HIV testing and treatment.
12
As presented in “Africa’s Village of Dreams,” the mission of economist Jeffrey Sachs is to create a solid middle class in Africa.
A)True
B)False
13
As argued in “The Case Against the West,” the West has become the most powerful force in the world for:
A)solving problems.
B)creating change.
C)helping other nations prosper.
D)preventing change.
14
As detailed in “The Case Against the West,” Western policies have been most harmful in:
A)the United States.
B)the Middle East.
C)Asia.
D)South America.
15
As stated in “The Case Against the West,” Asian progress should be seen as a desire to dominate the West.
A)True
B)False
16
As reported in “Development as Poison: Rethinking the Western Model of Modernity”, outside of the modern West, culture is sustained through:
A)conformity.
B)markets.
C)community.
D)religion.
17
As noted in “Development as Poison: Rethinking the Western Model of Modernity”, Adam Smith’s best-remembered contribution to economics is the idea that harmony emerges from the:
A)pursuit of self-interest.
B)survival of the fittest.
C)practice of charity.
D)regulation of markets.
18
The author of “Development as Poison: Rethinking the Western Model of Modernity” argues for cultural relativism in which all practices based on any cultural norms are morally sanctioned.
A)True
B)False
19
As discussed in “Industrial Revolution 2.0,” the bulk of the world’s foreign exchange reserves and energy resources are controlled by:
A)the United States.
B)Western Europe.
C)the emerging markets of developing countries.
D)a handful of oil-rich countries in the Middle East.
20
As explained in “Industrial Revolution 2.0,” all of the following factors have contributed to the success of emerging-market multinationals, except:
A)a global mind-set.
B)disciplined ambition.
C)unconventional thinking.
D)low-cost labor.
21
As stated in “Industrial Revolution 2.0,” the leading producer of household appliances in China is Hyundai.
A)True
B)False
22
As presented in “The Toxins Trickle Downward,” “poor countries are innocent” in the global economic meltdown because they:
A)continue to have a strong economy while Western countries falter.
B)are not a part of the global meltdown and will not be affected by it.
C)have few links to global capital markets and did not contribute to current problems.
D)refuse to recognize their culpability in the current economic situation.
23
As noted in “The Toxins Trickle Downward,” the people hardest hit by the current global economic crisis are those living in:
A)the United States.
B)London.
C)Washington, D.C.
D)sub-Saharan Africa.
24
As stated in “The Toxins Trickle Downward,” aid to poor countries can be considered a type of capital.
A)True
B)False
25
As claimed in “The Poor Man’s Burden,” the current global economic crisis represents:
A)a temporary downturn in the world economy.
B)the end of capitalism as we know it.
C)the end of one of the greatest possibilities for prosperity ever for poor countries.
D)an opening for poor countries to move out of poverty.
26
As defined in “The Poor Man’s Burden,” a “Revolution from Below” refers to:
A)poor people benefiting from their government’s economic growth.
B)developing countries ignoring the advice of Western economic experts.
C)a people’s revolution against an oppressive government.
D)poor people taking the initiative to improve their own economic situation.
27
As presented in “The Poor Man’s Burden,” the “laggards” in the struggle for the Millennium Development Goals are rich countries such as the United States.
A)True
B)False
28
Overall conclusions about trade liberalization, as reached in “Social Justice and Global Trade”, include that it:
A)should be asymmetric.
B)should be negotiated exclusively by trade ministers.
C)is an effective method of wealth redistribution.
D)should be consistently symmetrical.
29
As reported in “Social Justice and Global Trade”, the countries around the world that have grown the fastest are those:
A)in Latin America.
B)in East Asia.
C)where trade barriers are increased.
D)where all trade barriers were abolished.
30
As pointed out in “Social Justice and Global Trade”, studies that claim to show that countries that have liberalized have grown faster really only show that more trade means faster growth.
A)True
B)False
31
As noted in “Cotton the Huge Moral Issue”, the reason for the current historically low price of cotton worldwide is:
A)not related to any moral issue.
B)continued subsidies in the European Union and United States.
C)because of efficiency improvements on American and European farms.
D)increased competitiveness in farming.
32
As reported in “Cotton the Huge Moral Issue”, the world’s largest cotton producer is:
A)Mexico.
B)Brazil.
C)the United States.
D)China.
33
As pointed out in “Cotton the Huge Moral Issue”, the World Trade Organization has determined that the United States is legally required to eliminate all trade-distorting subsidies.
A)True
B)False
34
According to “Across Globe, Empty Bellies Bring Rising Anger,” as rising food prices threaten to ignite wider anger at a repressive government, the military in Cairo are being put to work:
A)patrolling rural neighborhoods.
B)suppressing protests.
C)herding sheep.
D)baking bread.
35
As reported in “Across Globe, Empty Bellies Bring Rising Anger,” voters who cited food and fuel price increases as their main concerns nearly ousted the ruling coalition in the reasonably prosperous nation of:
A)Thailand.
B)Nigeria.
C)Malaysia.
D)Indonesia.
36
As noted in “Across Globe, Empty Bellies Bring Rising Anger,” the current spike in global commodity prices is the biggest since the Truman Administration.
A)True
B)False
37
As claimed in “The Politics of Hunger,” the root cause of high food prices is the:
A)world energy crisis.
B)economic growth of Asia.
C)increase in genetically modified (GM) crops.
D)drought brought on by climate change.
38
As argued in “The Politics of Hunger,” those who suffer the most from high food prices are the:
A)farmers in poor countries.
B)traders in the global marketplace.
C)urban poor in developing countries.
D)middle-class in Western nations.
39
As asserted in “The Politics of Hunger,” the World Food Program is the only international program not affected by increasing food prices.
A)True
B)False
40
As defined in “The New Colonialists,” the term “new colonialists” refers to:
A)occupying countries.
B)settlers who have moved onto contested pieces of land.
C)countries that govern other countries from afar.
D)charities, aid agencies, and other nongovernmental organizations in struggling countries.
41
As claimed in “The New Colonialists,” a major problem with the new colonialists is that their presence:
A)takes food, money, and other resources away from indigenous populations.
B)deepens the dependency of dysfunctional states on outsiders.
C)is not wanted or welcomed by the country’s citizens.
D)leads to the destruction of countries that were functioning quite well on their own.
42
As noted in “The New Colonialists,” most of the aid sent to developing countries goes directly to the government to use and disperse as necessary.
A)True
B)False
43
According to “Power to the People,” providing imported food to poor countries in the midst of the global food crisis is:
A)the only way to prevent massive suffering and starvation.
B)most successful when combined with low-wage work programs.
C)harmful to local farmers, who lose profits when they cannot sell their crops.
D)an unpopular program with most relief agencies.
44
As argued in “Power to the People,” the first step in addressing the food crisis is acknowledging the fact that:
A)more donated food supplies are needed.
B)the donor does not always know best what the poor need.
C)there is no logical solution to the problem.
D)nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) are the experts in providing appropriate assistance.
45
As claimed in “Power to the People,” regardless of where they live or their country’s current situation, most poor people require similar types of aid.
A)True
B)False
46
As noted in “The Micromagic of Microcredit,” the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the “godfather of microcredit,” economist:
A)Muhammad Yunus.
B)John Maynard Keynes.
C)Aneel Karnani.
D)Alan Greenspan.
47
As reported in “The Micromagic of Microcredit,” a goal set upon establishing the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh was that half of the borrowers would be women, an objective that today can be critiqued by the fact that, of all the bank’s borrowers, women make up:
A)12 percent.
B)50 percent.
C)64 percent.
D)95 percent.
48
As related in “The Micromagic of Microcredit,” most microcredit banks charge annual interest rates of 50 to 100 percent, which is a higher rate than demanded by local moneylenders.
A)True
B)False
49
As suggested in “The Coming Revolution in Africa,” the key to reducing poverty and helping to spread prosperity in sub-Saharan Africa is:
A)farming.
B)higher education.
C)foreign aid.
D)disease control.
50
As cited in “The Coming Revolution in Africa,” Souley Madi, a farmer in Cameroon, says he has two wives because:
A)of social status.
B)he is in love with both women.
C)it helps him take advantage of the farm boom.
D)his Muslim faith encourages polygamy.
51
As asserted in “The Coming Revolution in Africa,” extreme poverty is relatively rare in rural Africa.
A)True
B)False
52
As noted in “The End of War?”, Ohio State University political scientist John Mueller contended in his book that one reason for the collapse of the Soviet Union was:
A)overpopulation.
B)unwillingness to invest sufficiently in the military-industrial complex.
C)the assumption of endless great power fighting.
D)recognition that war is not a viable answer to disagreement.
53
As pointed out in “The End of War?”, the most powerful factor in the decline of war has been the:
A)rise of terrorism.
B)spread of material competition.
C)decline of Islamic extremism.
D)end of the Cold War.
54
As discussed in “The End of War?”, most western nations have reached a condition in which citizens’ lives possess greater economic value than anything that could be gained by combat.
A)True
B)False
55
As presented in “Fixing a Broken World,” today’s U.S. defense planners worry most about:
A)humanitarian crises in failing states.
B)strong, well-organized, and powerful states.
C)groups of states forming unions.
D)weak, misgoverned states and contested areas.
56
As claimed in “Fixing a Broken World,” jihadists have left Iraq for other countries due to Iraq’s:
A)status as a failed state.
B)increased security.
C)crumbling infrastructure.
D)internal conflicts.
57
As noted in “Fixing a Broken World,” all states fail in basically the same ways.
A)True
B)False
58
As presented in “The Roots of Failure in Afghanistan,” a major problem for Afghanistan since U.S. forces toppled the Taliban in 2001 has been the:
A)ongoing presence of extensive U.S. military forces in the country.
B)constant U.S. interference in the country’s economy and security.
C)neglect by the United States after redeployment of U.S. assets to Iraq.
D)consistent interference of the United National Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA).
59
As reported in “The Roots of Failure in Afghanistan,” by pushing for a highly centralized government in Afghanistan, the United States and UNAMA:
A)focused on a model that had been successful for the country in the past.
B)failed to recognize the autonomous regions that existed in the country.
C)reduced the imminent threat of the country splitting up.
D)reinforced the strength of the national army and police force that was already in existence.
60
As defined in “The Roots of Failure in Afghanistan,” a classic failed state is one in which government institutions exist on paper, but not in reality.
A)True
B)False
61
As claimed in “Pakistan’s Perilous Voyage,” Pakistan is a “vessel adrift” due to:
A)a power struggle between military and civilian rulers.
B)an ideological struggle between religious and secular factions.
C)the lack of any clearly defined centers of power.
D)too many competing centers of power.
62
As explained in “Pakistan’s Perilous Voyage,” Pakistan’s “moderate middle” has historically served to:
A)bridge the divide between Western policy preferences and the Pakistani electorate.
B)prevent Western intervention into the Pakistani government’s policy making.
C)uphold the policies of whatever political party is in power.
D)discourage any general consensus between the country’s rival political and religious factions.
63
As noted in “Pakistan’s Perilous Voyage,” one of Pakistan’s strengths is that it does not rely excessively on financing from outside entities.
A)True
B)False
64
As noted in “The Shiite ‘Threat’ Revisited,” the largest concentration of Shiites in the world comprises 90 percent of the population of:
A)Iraq.
B)Iran.
C)Bahrain.
D)Indonesia.
65
As stated in “The Shiite ‘Threat’ Revisited,” Sunni Muslims are well aware that the Baghdad government has been implicated in death-squad activities targeting:
A)Sunni Iraqis.
B)American troops.
C)Arab Christians.
D)Iranian interlopers.
66
As reported in “The Shiite ‘Threat’ Revisited,” an Egyptian weekly published a commemorative edition with a poster of Saddam Hussein that was captioned “He lived heroically and died a man.”
A)True
B)False
67
According to “The Most Dangerous Place in the World,” Somalia has been ripped apart by violence and thrown into anarchic chaos since:
A)al Qaeda insurgents took over the government after the U.S. invasion of Iraq.
B)Somali pirates choked off the Gulf of Aden in 2008.
C)Somalia’s central government imploded in 1991.
D)a Russian cargo plane was shot down over the country in 2007.
68
As profiled in “The Most Dangerous Place in the World,” Somalia could best be described as:
A)heterogeneous.
B)Christian.
C)unified.
D)clan-based.
69
As noted in “The Most Dangerous Place in the World,” U.S. foreign policy with regard to Somalia has consistently failed to take into account the country’s political and religious structures.
A)True
B)False
70
As reported in “Will the Kenyan Settlement Hold?,” as Kenya became “zoned,” the Luos and the Kalenjins, who constitute more than a quarter of the population, were chased out of towns such as Naivasha and Nakuru and were forced to migrate:
A)east to the Somali border.
B)west to their ancestral homelands.
C)north into Ethiopia.
D)southwest to the shores of Lake Victoria.
71
As disclosed in “Will the Kenyan Settlement Hold?,” as president, Kibaki relied on a small group of Kikuyu ministers who were dubbed the:
A)Rift Valley Six.
B)Heartland Honchos.
C)Central Province Posse.
D)Mount Kenya Mafia.
72
As noted in “Will the Kenyan Settlement Hold?,” in 2007, Kenya held its first multiparty balloting in 24 years.
A)True
B)False
73
As presented in “Mexico’s Drug Wars Get Brutal,” drug-related violence has intensified in Mexico recently as a result of the:
A)U.S. “war on drugs.”
B)eradication of Mexican opium and marijuana crops.
C)Mexican government’s new “live and let live” policy between the government and drug cartels.
D)Mexican government’s crackdown on drug cartels.
74
As claimed in “Mexico’s Drug Wars Get Brutal,” the increase in drug-related violence in Mexico coincided with the:
A)election of Vicente Fox as president.
B)murder of a U.S. drug enforcement officer.
C)demise of the Colombian drug cartels.
D)arrest of Mexico’s drug czar on drug-trafficking charges.
75
As stated in “Mexico’s Drug Wars Get Brutal,” the arrest of some drug-cartel leaders has served to curb both drug distribution and drug-related violence in Mexico.
A)True
B)False
76
As identified in “Dangerous Liaisons,” FARC was founded in 1964 by Manuel Marulanda, a peasant leader and member of:
A)Christians for Colombia.
B)a Muslim order.
C)the Communist Party.
D)a local union of farmers.
77
As quoted in “Dangerous Liaisons,” Gustavo Petro, a senator for Colombia’s Polo Democratico Alternativo party, warns that the “relationship between the FARC and the Latin American left represents a mortal danger for the:
A)United States."
B)centrist majority.”
C)left.”
D)right.”
78
According to “Dangerous Liaisons,” FARC currently seems to be relying less on profits from such activities as drug dealing, kidnapping, and extortion.
A)True
B)False
79
As reported in “Call in the Blue Helmets,” the Sudanese government grudgingly allowed the presence of a “hybrid” peacekeeping force, made up of personnel from:
A)the United Nations and the African Union.
B)the Russian Army and the U.S. National Guard.
C)Liberia and Kenya.
D)NATO and the Revolutionary United Front.
80
As noted in “Call in the Blue Helmets,” Darfur’s proximity to the nearest harbor is about:
A)2 miles.
B)58 miles.
C)324 miles.
D)870 miles
81
According to “Call in the Blue Helmets,” the number of soldiers and military observers deployed by the UN throughout the world has almost doubled since 1998.
A)True
B)False
82
According to “Asia’s Democracy Backlash,” the democratization of Asia in the 1990s was a:
A)facade.
B)deep-rooted phenomenon.
C)fad.
D)backlash against globalization.
83
As claimed in “Asia’s Democracy Backlash,” the recent U.S. war on terror has served to:
A)promote democratic ideals in Asian nations.
B)eliminate the threat of terrorism for many newly democratic Asian nations.
C)undermine U.S. influence and moral standing among Asian nations.
D)boost the reputation of the United States as a guarantor of freedom.
84
As noted in “Asia’s Democracy Backlash,” political transparency is an absolute necessity for Asian countries wanting to attract foreign investors.
A)True
B)False
85
According to “India Held Back,” India’s goal to become a global power of consequence is:
A)assured if the country maintains its current course.
B)unrealistic under any circumstances.
C)possible if the country can successfully deal with its shortcomings.
D)already a reality.
86
As presented in “India Held Back,” India’s biggest economic successes have come in the area of:
A)elementary education.
B)health care.
C)the auto industry
D)information technology.
87
As noted in “India Held Back,” since India embarked on a course of economic liberalization, poverty in the country has been virtually eliminated.
A)True
B)False
88
As profiled in “Bring Me My Machine Gun,” South African presidential candidate Jacob Zuma is a:
A)member of the educated South African elite.
B)young and inexperienced political hopeful.
C)self-educated “farm boy” who revels in his tribal roots.
D)career politician from an established political family.
89
As defined in “Bring Me My Machine Gun,” “Big Men” are men who rose to power through:
A)bribery and corruption.
B)political connections.
C)outside influences.
D)revolutionary promises and actions.
90
As noted in “Bring Me My Machine Gun,” the lack of controversy in Zuma’s background places him above reproach, even in the eyes of his opposition.
A)True
B)False
91
According to “Who Will Speak for Islam?,” the majority of the worldwide Muslim population:
A)hates Americans for their freedom.
B)admires democratic values.
C)recognizes a “clash of civilizations” between the Western and Islamic worlds.
D)prefers secular to religious values.
92
As claimed in “Who Will Speak for Islam?,” the primary victims of Muslim terrorism have been:
A)U.S. citizens.
B)Christians.
C)Muslims.
D)Western military personnel.
93
As noted in “Who Will Speak for Islam?,” it is likely that Muslim women will never have a major voice in culture or politics.
A)True
B)False
94
According to “Free at Last?,” the major change that is taking place in the Arab world at the beginning of the twenty-first century is that:
A)European powers are now dominating what were once independent Arab lands.
B)the United States has become involved in Arab affairs.
C)Arab countries are becoming independent of outside rule and influence.
D)Arab countries are finally beginning to ask for help from Western nations.
95
As claimed in “Free at Last?,” many in the Arab world see the United States as a:
A)benevolent benefactor attempting to help them.
B)meddling imperialist state.
C)global partner and equal.
D)model on which to base their own society.
96
As noted in “Free at Last?,” pan-Arabism is a major goal for the new Arab world.
A)True
B)False
97
As presented in “Iran in Search of Itself,” the perception underlying the Iranian Revolution was that the country needed to:
A)Westernize and modernize.
B)free itself from foreign intervention.
C)end its ties to Islam.
D)enter the global marketplace.
98
As argued in “Iran in Search of Itself,” to settle Iran’s “identity paradox,” the country will have to follow China’s model of:
A)isolationism.
B)nationalism.
C)imperialism.
D)global economic integration.
99
As claimed in “Iran in Search of Itself,” democratization requires the joining of economic and political power.
A)True
B)False
100
As identified in “Lula’s Brazil,” the common market that includes Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina is called:
A)Mercosur.
B)Terceiro-Mundismo.
C)Potencia-BAPUA.
D)Destinatez.
101
According to “Lula’s Brazil,” for many in Brazil, and in particular many who later were associated with the Lula government, the suspicions that human rights, democracy, and free markets had been exploited in ways to reflect narrow national interests began:
A)before the presidency of George W. Bush.
B)during George W. Bush’s first term in office.
C)during George W. Bush’s second term in office.
D)precisely on September 11, 2001.
102
As noted in “Lula’s Brazil,” one of Brazil’s successes under President Lula is the nation’s permanent membership on the UN Security Council.
A)True
B)False
103
As cited in “An Empty Revolution,” Rudiger Dornbusch and Sebastian Edwards have characterized the policies responsible for much of Latin America’s economic disaster stories as the:
A)great predictability.
B)era of chronic corruption.
C)neoliberal experiment.
D)macroeconomics of populism.
104
As explained in “An Empty Revolution,” in economists’ lingo, calculating the reduction in poverty for every percentage point increase in per capita income is known as the:
A)equation of per capita flux.
B)poverty-income axis.
C)point increase of personal economy.
D)income elasticity of poverty reduction.
105
As disclosed in “An Empty Revolution,” the Chavez government has claimed credit for a decline in Venezuela’s infant mortality rate, when the decline is not really different from that of the pre-Chavez period.
A)True
B)False
106
As presented in “Booms, Busts, and Echoes,” restrictive labor laws can limit a country’s ability to benefit from:
A)demographic change.
B)foreign aid.
C)tax surpluses.
D)investment opportunities.
107
As stated in “Booms, Busts, and Echoes,” it has long been known that increased income leads to:
A)higher birth rates.
B)improved health.
C)an increase in heart disease.
D)a greater risk of unemployment.
108
As explained in “Booms, Busts, and Echoes,” throughout human history, epidemics and pandemics have made tremendous impacts on long-term trends in population.
A)True
B)False
109
According to “Emerging Water Shortages,” the vast water deficit that the world is incurring is primarily a result of:
A)climate change.
B)aquifer overpumping.
C)water pollution.
D)glacial melting.
110
As presented in “Emerging Water Shortages,” a majority of the world’s water is used for:
A)personal hygiene.
B)industry.
C)drinking.
D)irrigation.
111
As noted in “Emerging Water Shortages,” all aquifers will replenish themselves if left alone for a period of time.
A)True
B)False
112
According to “Water Warriors,” Latin America has one of the lowest per capita allocations of water in the world for all of the following reasons, except:
A)deep class inequities.
B)polluted surface waters.
C)a lack of water resources.
D)water privatization.
113
As disclosed in “Water Warriors,” the multinational corporation Suez is trying to recoup $1.7 billion in “investment” and up to $33 million in unpaid water bills at the ICSID with the backing of:
A)the French government.
B)Argentine nationals.
C)the World Bank.
D)the Inter-American Development Bank.
114
As pointed out in “Water Warriors,” Rio de la Plata, a river known for 500 years as Mar Dulce (“Sweet Sea”) is today famous for being so contaminated that its pollution can be seen from space.
A)True
B)False
115
According to “Soot from Third-World Stoves Is New Target in Climate Fight,” the term “black carbon” refers to:
A)carbon dioxide emissions from cars.
B)fuel used for cooking in developing countries.
C)soot from the smoke of mud cooking stoves.
D)heat-trapping gasses that contribute to global warming.
116
As reported in “Soot from Third-World Stoves Is New Target in Climate Fight,” a simple stopgap measure for reducing black carbon production in developing countries is to:
A)replace primitive cooking stoves with modern versions.
B)prevent the use of automobiles in third-world villages.
C)replace twigs and dung used as burning materials with coal.
D)modernize village huts with additional windows and air vents.
117
As noted in “Soot from Third-World Stoves Is New Target in Climate Fight,” decreasing black carbon could have a rapid positive effect on climate change.
A)True
B)False
118
As noted in “Population, Human Resources, Health, and the Environment,” an idea ahead of its time in the late 1980s was the idea of:
A)zero population growth.
B)universal religious tolerance.
C)ecologically sustainable development.
D)anti-terrorism preparedness.
119
As identified in “Population, Human Resources, Health, and the Environment,” the view that economic development occurs in five basic stages from “traditional society” to “age of high mass consumption” is the:
A)orthodox Rostovian view.
B)modern humanistic view.
C)hard-line globalistic view.
D)socio-environmental view.
120
As disclosed in “Population, Human Resources, Health, and the Environment,” the First Assessment Report of the IPCC, released in 1991, contained only passing reference to how climate change would affect human health.
A)True
B)False
121
As profiled in “Protecting Climate Refugees,” the people of Maldives face a future as “climate refugees” due to:
A)increasing drought.
B)storm surges.
C)sea-level rise.
D)water wars.
122
As explained in “Protecting Climate Refugees,” the protection of climate refugees differs from the protection of political refugees in that climate refugees:
A)require crisis intervention and immediate action.
B)are not protected by their home-country’s government.
C)have the ability to return home when circumstances change.
D)require planned, long-term resettlement programs.
123
As noted in “Protecting Climate Refugees,” existing refugee programs are designed primarily to deal with individual situations on a case-by-case basis.
A)True
B)False
124
According to “Reversal of Fortune”, the leading culprit that pushes people into poverty is:
A)drought.
B)natural disasters.
C)substance abuse.
D)poor healthcare.
125
As noted in “Reversal of Fortune”, the area with the highest percentage of people moving out of poverty was in the communities studied in:
A)South Africa.
B)Kenya.
C)Uganda.
D)India.
126
As reported in “Reversal of Fortune”, in many of the areas the author studied, more people were falling into poverty than were climbing out of it.
A)True
B)False
127
According to “Women’s Rights as Human Rights,” women have historically been subjected to more human rights violations than men because:
A)women have never raised objections to these violations.
B)most women do not want the same rights that men have.
C)all civilizations have been patriarchal.
D)the sexes are inherently unequal.
128
As reported in “Women’s Rights as Human Rights,” the earliest internationally adopted document to specifically and separately address the rights of women was the:
A)Declaration of the Rights of Woman.
B)French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen.
C)Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
D)Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW).
129
As noted in “Women’s Rights as Human Rights,” the United Nations’ declaration of International Women’s Year was mostly for show and did little to advance the cause of women’s rights.
A)True
B)False
130
According to “Educating Girls, Unlocking Development”, research indicates that completion of primary school is strongly associated with:
A)earlier age of marriage.
B)earlier age of first birth.
C)higher lifetime fertility.
D)improved lifetime earnings.
131
As pointed out in “Educating Girls, Unlocking Development”, the worst shortfalls in primary education are in Africa and:
A)South Asia.
B)Central America.
C)Central Europe.
D)South America.
132
As stated in “Educating Girls, Unlocking Development”, increasing mothers’ schooling cuts expected infant mortality rate.
A)True
B)False
133
According to “Education: It’s Not Just about the Boys, Get Girls into School,” in the developing world, girls who have had some education tend to:
A)share their earnings with their family.
B)marry earlier and have more children.
C)have a higher rate of HIV infection.
D)support the practice of genital mutilation.
134
As claimed in “Education: It’s Not Just about the Boys, Get Girls into School,” the biggest barrier to education in the developing world is the:
A)lack of schools.
B)location of schools.
C)lack of interest in education.
D)cost of sending a child to school.
135
As stated in “Education: It’s Not Just about the Boys, Get Girls into School,” when given the choice, parents are more likely to send daughters than sons to school.
A)True
B)False
136
As presented in “Women in the Middle East: Progress and Backlash,” the involvement of women’s groups in Middle Eastern politics:
A)dates back to the late nineteenth century.
B)began after the U.S. invasion of Iraq.
C)has had little overall influence on Middle Eastern culture.
D)cannot be reconciled with the tenets of Islam.
137
As noted in “Women in the Middle East: Progress and Backlash,” recent political developments in the Middle East have been influenced by the rise of:
A)communism.
B)socialism.
C)Islamism.
D)secularism.
138
As claimed in “Women in the Middle East: Progress and Backlash,” lower-class groups in the Middle East tend to be the most resistant to Western or modern ways.
A)True
B)False
139
As brought out in “Women in Developing Countries 300 Times More Likely to Die in Childbirth,” reducing the death toll among mothers and their newborns requires medical intervention and:
A)a change in culture among men.
B)international intervention in less-developed countries.
C)better education of girls and women.
D)access to birth-control services.
140
As presented in “Recession Hits Women in Developing Countries,” on International Women’s Day in 2009, the issue foremost in women’s minds was the:
A)worldwide struggle to achieve equal rights.
B)accomplishments made by women throughout history.
C)goal of worldwide peace.
D)global recession.
141
As claimed in “Recession Hits Women in Developing Countries,” the key factor in lifting women out of poverty is:
A)gainful employment.
B)the “shadow” economy.
C)education.
D)health insurance.
142
As noted in “Recession Hits Women in Developing Countries,” today’s wages are virtually equal for women and men overall
A)True
B)False





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