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1
As described in "Your DNA, Decoded," each organism on Earth is built from instruction manuals called:
A)base-pairs.
B)RNA.
C)cells.
D)genes.
2
As noted in "Your DNA, Decoded," the letters A, C, G, and T represent:
A)genes.
B)molecules from which base-pairs are made.
C)cells from which the genome is made.
D)DNA strands.
3
As reported in "Your DNA, Decoded," information from the Human Genome Project has been successfully used to cure some of the world's deadliest diseases.
A)True
B)False
4
According to "Seeking Genetic Fate," advances in genetic research have made it possible for:
A)scientists to accurately predict risk for hundreds of diseases.
B)average citizens to afford certain types of genetic testing.
C)specialized machines to produce a complete sequence of a customer's genome.
D)personal genomics companies to pinpoint a person's ancestors over housands of years.
5
As explained in "Seeking Genetic Fate," the machines used by personal genomics companies are designed to look for genetic:
A)variations.
B)diseases.
C)mutations.
D)matches.
6
As claimed in "Seeking Genetic Fate," almost all of one person's genetic code is identical to that of every other person.
A)True
B)False
7
As brought out in "What's Killing the Babies of Kettleman City?", in recent years the town has seen an alarming rate of:
A)disappearing farm jobs.
B)children dropping out of high school.
C)illegal immigration.
D)babies born with serious birth defects.
8
As described in "What's Killing the Babies of Kettleman City?", the pollution in the town is:
A)entirely a result of the nearby highways where trucks spew out a tremendous amount of toxic diesel exhaust.
B)from man-made as well as natural sources.
C)unavoidable since it is entirely from naturally occurring sources.
D)only dangerous to farm animals.
9
As noted in "What's Killing the Babies of Kettleman City?", Kettleman Hills is a nature preserve that is threatened by pollution from local highway traffic.
A)True
B)False
10
As profiled in "Truth and Consequences at Pregnancy High," teen mother Grace Padilla lives in a:
A)small apartment with her young child, Lilah, and the child's father.
B)foster home with her child.
C)boarding school for unwed mothers.
D)two-bedroom apartment with her child, her mother, her sister, and her grandparents.
11
As reported in "Truth and Consequences at Pregnancy High," the South Bronx has a high birthrate in part because:
A)pregnancy is encouraged by family members as a rite of passage for girls.
B)it is a largely Hispanic and Catholic community that frowns on abortion.
C)there are plentiful resources for young mothers and their children.
D)the young men in the community make pacts among themselves to become fathers.
12
As presented in "Truth and Consequences at Pregnancy High," Grace Padilla's mother, Mayra, is unsupportive of daughter and new granddaughter.
A)True
B)False
13
As portrayed in "Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: New Recommendations," SIDS is:
A)a disease of the brain affecting 1 million newborns each year.
B)the sudden death of a previously healthy baby younger than one year old.
C)a virulent cancer of the lymph nodes.
D)a cluster of illnesses caused by environmental toxins.
14
As noted in "Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: New Recommendations," incidents of SIDS have diminished dramatically since:
A)a new drug was found to combat the syndrome.
B)the American Medical Association began recommending folic acid supplements for pregnant women.
C)parents and other caregivers were urged to place infants on their backs for sleep.
D)parents and other caregivers were urged to place infants on their stomachs for sleep.
15
As cited in "Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: New Recommendations," male babies are more vulnerable to SIDS than female babies.
A)True
B)False
16
According to "Vaccination Nation," the true public-health threat in the current vaccine controversy is the:
A)vaccines themselves.
B)conspiracy of the scientific community to make vaccines appear harmless.
C)skepticism of the public related to vaccinating children.
D)notion that all children should be vaccinated.
17
As explained in "Vaccination Nation," one of the most misleading ideas about autism is that it is:
A)caused by vaccines.
B)a single disorder.
C)cured by vaccines.
D)a true disorder.
18
As noted in "Vaccination Nation," the reported rise in autism could be a result of the increase of disorders classified under the umbrella of "autism."
A)True
B)False
19
As presented in "How to Help Your Toddler Begin Developing Empathy," empathy is a:
A)universal trait that exists naturally in all people.
B)complex skill that must be nurtured and reinforced.
C)sign of weakness that should be discouraged.
D)damaging emotion that can cause undue pain for a child.
20
As claimed in "How to Help Your Toddler Begin Developing Empathy," a child's ability to empathize with another person requires all of the following except the:
A)understanding that the child is a separate individual, apart from others.
B)recognition of common feelings that most people experience.
C)ability to imagine how someone might feel in a particular situation.
D)knowledge of the atrocities that occur in the world, such as war and poverty.
21
As noted in "How to Help Your Toddler Begin Developing Empathy," the skills needed to develop a strong sense of empathy can be acquired at any time during life.
A)True
B)False
22
As described in "5 Skills Kids Need before They Read," Turnaround for Children is a group that helps:
A)at-risk children learn to read.
B)children through special tutoring and mentoring.
C)schools teach emotional education.
D)schools raise test scores.
23
As noted in "5 Skills Kids Need before They Read," No Child Left Behind emphasizes:
A)measurable standards and test scores.
B)emotional education.
C)a back-to-the-basics curriculum.
D)self-esteem.
24
As cited in "5 Skills Kids Need before They Read," children who have strong self-regulating abilities often perform better in school.
A)True
B)False
25
As noted in "Little by Little," doctors currently advise responding to food allergies by:
A)eating large amounts of allergy-provoking foods to develop a tolerance to them.
B)taking medication to ward off attacks.
C)eating more processed foods that do not contain allergens.
D)avoiding allergic triggers.
26
As defined in "Little by Little," allergy is:
A)an improper reaction or overreaction by the immune system.
B)a genetic disease.
C)a communicable disease.
D)usually a result of birth injury.
27
According to "Little by Little," food allergies have been steadily on the decline for the past few decades.
A)True
B)False
28
According to "Accountability Comes to Preschool," academic standards in preschool are increasing because kindergarten children:
A)must know how to read and write.
B)who enter school without basic literacy and math skills are at a significant disadvantage.
C)spend most of their time developing social skills.
D)are tested nationally under the No Child Left Behind Act.
29
As given in "Accountability Comes to Preschool," many preschool educators have resisted a focus on preschool academics because they fear that the format will:
A)favor boys over girls.
B)give girls an academic advantage.
C)suffocate young children's natural enthusiasm for learning.
D)make kindergarten obsolete.
30
As stated in "Accountability Comes to Preschool," preschool education can give economically disadvantaged children a better chance of school success by contributing to their cognitive skills.
A)True
B)False
31
According to "Early Sprouts," research has shown that, by the age of five, children are basing their food habits on:
A)feelings of hunger.
B)what is innately good for them.
C)their parents' choices for them.
D)outside influences, such as television commercials.
32
As explained in "Early Sprouts," the new role of early childhood educators with regard to child nutrition is to:
A)focus on meeting children's nutritional requirements.
B)defer to family preferences and stay out of the nutrition business.
C)guide children and families in developing healthy eating habits.
D)develop standardized testing for nutrition education.
33
As claimed in "Early Sprouts," if a child does not like a particular food after one or two exposures, it is likely that he or she will never like it, and the food should be removed from the child's choices.
A)True
B)False
34
As given in "The Creativity Crisis," a famous study by E. Paul Torrence showed that lifetime creative accomplishment is strongly correlated to:
A)childhood IQ.
B)childhood creativity.
C)high standardized test scores.
D)genetics.
35
As reported in "The Creativity Crisis," the Flynn Effect is:
A)a phenomenon where IQ scores decrease by 10 points with each generation.
B)the cause of childhood creativity.
C)the phenomenon where IQ scores increase by 10 points with each generation.
D)the phenomenon where success in later life is predicted by childhood creativity.
36
As noted in "The Creativity Crisis," researchers determined that childhood creativity scores have risen significantly since 1990.
A)True
B)False
37
As defined in "An Educator's Journey toward Multiple Intelligences," multiple-intelligences (MI) theory examines intelligence as a measure of:
A)overall aptitude defined by a single score.
B)strengths and weaknesses identified on standardized tests.
C)aptitudes or strengths in one or more of a variety of areas.
D)the existence of multiple abilities and skills in one individual.
38
As claimed in "An Educator's Journey toward Multiple Intelligences," MI theory holds that:
A)each student is gifted in at least one specific area of intelligence.
B)everyone possesses all eight of the intelligences with varying levels of aptitude.
C)educators should allot equal teaching time to each of the eight intelligences.
D)each student should have eight options for demonstrating learning.
39
As noted in "An Educator's Journey toward Multiple Intelligences," the most important thing about MI theory is the number of intelligences that are ultimately identified.
A)True
B)False
40
As presented in "In Defense of Distraction," the term "poverty of attention" refers to the:
A)inability to pay attention to anything.
B)lack of anything worthwhile to pay attention to.
C)consumption of attention by an overabundance of information.
D)lack of intelligence the results from Internet use.
41
As defined in "In Defense of Distraction," "executive function" allows individuals to:
A)concentrate on several tasks at once.
B)process vast amounts of information in a short period of time.
C)lead others in the information age.
D)focus on one specific stream of input while suppressing all others.
42
As noted in "In Defense of Distraction," the practice of meditation can improve both the ability to pay attention and overall quality of life.
A)True
B)False
43
As reported in "What Really Motivates Kids," the essential factor for a child's success in school is:
A)a high IQ.
B)a high socio-economic status.
C)motivation.
D)creativity.
44
As described in "What Really Motivates Kids," toxic praise consists of:
A)providing constructive feedback.
B)only providing praise when someone does as well as one wants them to.
C)criticism.
D)praising the work, not the result.
45
As presented in "What Really Motivates Kids," it is important to help students recognize how what they are learning is relevant to the world at large.
A)True
B)False
46
As discussed in "The Truth about Kids & Money," parents and teachers should begin teaching children about financial literacy:
A)in middle school.
B)in the college years.
C)even before kindergarten.
D)during high school.
47
As noted in "The Truth about Kids & Money," parents should introduce very young children to the concept of:
A)saving.
B)credit-card management.
C)debt servicing.
D)retirement funding.
48
As stated in "The Truth about Kids & Money," the poor economy has spurred interest in the teaching of financial literacy.
A)True
B)False
49
As brought out in "Role Reversal," the recent economic downturn has resulted in:
A)more mothers staying at home with their kids.
B)more two-income households.
C)more children being cared for by babysitters and nannies.
D)a greater number of women serving as the primary breadwinners for their families.
50
As described in "Role Reversal," men who find themselves recast as primary caregivers for their families are:
A)finding new fulfillment in their new roles.
B)unable to handle the stress of childcare.
C)not as competent as women are in this role.
D)unable to find fulfillment in their new roles.
51
As recounted in "Role Reversal," three quarters of the jobs lost in this recession were lost by women.
A)True
B)False
52
As presented in "The Angry Smile," an example of passive aggressive behavior in a child might be:
A)throwing a temper tantrum.
B)hitting another child after being hit.
C)intentionally "forgetting" to do a chore.
D)arguing with a parent over a small request.
53
According to "The Angry Smile," the best way for a parent to deal with passive aggressive behavior in a child is to:
A)model healthy behavior.
B)mirror the child's own behavior.
C)punish the child with grounding or time out.
D)take an action that allows the parent to "win" the battle.
54
As profiled in "The Angry Smile," Amber's mother's response to Amber's behavior set the stage for long-term relationship damage and lasting hostilities.
A)True
B)False
55
A disturbing syndrome identified by the American Psychological Association as discussed in "Fast Times," is:
A)an increased use of mind-altering drugs by middle-school children.
B)the sexualization of girls as young as seven years and their desires to look and act alluring.
C)the medicalization of formerly "normal" behaviors among young girls and the prescribing of psycho-active drugs to combat these behaviors.
D)a decrease in the desire among young girls to study "non-feminine" subjects such as mathematics and science.
56
As noted in "Fast Times," "Miss Bimbo" is:
A)the name of a teacher in a television show for children.
B)a scantily-clad doll marketed to young girls.
C)the title of a popular children's book.
D)a game website featuring a nearly naked doll in which players win points to purchase plastic surgery or skimpy clothing for their character.
57
As stated in "Fast Times," even animated female characters are more sexualized today, wearing less and more provocative clothing than their animated male counterparts.
A)True
B)False
58
As given in "Engaging Young Children in Activities and Conversations about Race and Social Class," because it is difficult to discuss with young children, teachers will often avoid discussions about issues of:
A)gender discrimination.
B)cultural differences.
C)race and social class.
D)disability.
59
As described in "Engaging Young Children in Activities and Conversations about Race and Social Class," children begin to notice racial cues around:
A)infancy.
B)toddlerhood.
C)the time they start school.
D)the teen years.
60
As mentioned in "Engaging Young Children in Activities and Conversations about Race and Social Class," merely exposing children to materials that represent different groups such as diverse dolls can challenge children's attitudes about race and culture.
A)True
B)False
61
As disclosed in "Use the Science of What Works to Change the Odds for Children at Risk," the best determinant of a school's likely performance is the:
A)quality of the physical facilities.
B)quality of the faculty.
C)characteristics of its incoming students.
D)amount of money provided by the municipality for education.
62
As claimed in "Use the Science of What Works to Change the Odds for Children at Risk," studies have shown that great progress can be achieved for disadvantaged children when:
A)federal funding matches local educational funding.
B)parents are trained in early-childhood education.
C)they attend school with children who are not disadvantaged.
D)early-intervention programs are implemented.
63
As mentioned in "Use the Science of What Works to Change the Odds for Children at Risk," nearly 20 percent of children in America live in poverty today.
A)True
B)False
64
As outlined in "Foresight Conquers Fear of the Future," young people who lack foresight:
A)have very little creativity.
B)are likely to behave recklessly.
C)rarely face consequences for their actions.
D)have fears of the future.
65
As noted in "Foresight Conquers Fear of the Future," foresight is a function of the:
A)emotion mind.
B)cerebellum.
C)right brain.
D)prefrontal cortex.
66
As described in "Foresight Conquers Fear of the Future," "future phobia" is the inability to think realistically and hopefully about the future.
A)True
B)False
67
According to "Interview with Dr. Craig Anderson," Dr. Anderson's increased research into the effects of violent video games was a result of:
A)Columbine and other school shootings.
B)a request from the U.S. Senate to study video-game-related violence.
C)an internal grant that was awarded to fund the research.
D)a general increase in violence among young people.
68
As detailed in "Interview with Dr. Craig Anderson," Dr. Anderson's research involving violent movie manipulation found that:
A)highly aggressive people became more aggressive after watching a violent movie clip.
B)non-aggressive people were the most affected by the violent movie clip.
C)non-aggressive people who saw a nonviolent movie clip became more aggressive afterward.
D)there was no significant interaction between measures of trait aggression and measures of media violence exposure.
69
As noted in "Interview with Dr. Craig Anderson," some studies have found that aggressive people who have been exposed to a lot of media violence are more likely to have been arrested for assault.
A)True
B)False
70
As disclosed in "Portrait of a Hunger Artist," when the author decided to start eating more after years of anorexia, she felt:
A)happy that she was doing an important service to her health.
B)empowered by her show of strength in confronting the disease.
C)as though she were losing her best friend.
D)unhappy because she would start gaining weight.
71
As identified in "Portrait of a Hunger Artist," the author writes that social contact diminished for her because:
A)her friends stopped contacting her.
B)since many social situations revolve around food, she would avoid them.
C)she lost so much body fat that she could not safely venture outside in cold weather.
D)her clothes became far too big for her.
72
As explained in "Portrait of a Hunger Artist," the author lost so much body fat that in winter she was unable to keep herself sufficiently warm.
A)True
B)False
73
As pointed out in "Between Two Worlds: Educational Experiences of Incarcerated Youth," the top reason why students leave school aside from alcohol and drug use is that they:
A)want to make their own money.
B)become pregnant.
C)have difficulty in classes.
D)have difficulty at home.
74
As cited in "Between Two Worlds: Educational Experiences of Incarcerated Youth," academic difficulty is likely the greatest predictor of:
A)difficulty at home.
B)teen pregnancy.
C)criminal trouble.
D)dropping out of school.
75
As noted in "Between Two Worlds: Educational Experiences of Incarcerated Youth," the drop-out rate for 18 and 19 year olds is 5.8 percent.
A)True
B)False
76
As claimed in "Finding a Job in the 21st Century," over the next few decades, there will be an increasing need for workers who are:
A)willing to work for minimum wage.
B)well trained and flexible.
C)skilled in manufacturing.
D)well-versed in computer operations.
77
As explained in "Finding a Job in the 21st Century," U.S. corporate expansion into other countries, such as India and China, will:
A)put most U.S. workers out of work.
B)reduce wages for U.S. workers.
C)hurt workers in those foreign countries who are forced to take a lower wage in order to work.
D)increase foreign consumer demand for U.S. goods, thus creating jobs in the United States.
78
As noted in "Finding a Job in the 21st Century," U.S. workers are attractive to foreign companies because they are highly skilled and diverse.
A)True
B)False
79
As set out in "How to "Ace" Your Freshman Year in the Workplace with C's," the most common reason for the discipline of new hires is:
A)lateness.
B)inability to communicate effectively.
C)misuse of the internet.
D)lack of work ethic or commitment.
80
As noted in "How to "Ace" Your Freshman Year in the Workplace with C's," feedback in the workplace is:
A)similar to feedback encountered during school.
B)infrequent.
C)usually given monthly.
D)only given when disciplinary measures are being considered.
81
As discussed in "How to "Ace" Your Freshman Year in the Workplace with C's," knowledge is the most important determinant for success in the workplace.
A)True
B)False
82
As noted in "Heartbreak and Home Runs: The Power of First Experiences," when asked about memories from college, one quarter of adults best recall their:
A)graduation.
B)extracurricular activities.
C)best and worst professors.
D)first few months of their freshman year.
83
As described in "Heartbreak and Home Runs: The Power of First Experiences," the early-memory bump occurs because:
A)adolescence and young adulthood is when people have the most first experiences.
B)people are more emotional during adolescence and early adulthood and experiences are magnified in importance.
C)memory fades as one ages.
D)the brain is still developing and permanently storing memories until around age 25.
84
As cited in "Heartbreak and Home Runs: The Power of First Experiences," there is a strong link between early loss and depression.
A)True
B)False
85
As shown in "All Joy and No Fun: Why Parents Hate Parenting," research suggests that people with children:
A)are happier than those without children.
B)are less happy than those without children.
C)often derive satisfaction from the fact that they are doing something good for humankind by procreating.
D)are no more or less happy than those without children.
86
As discussed in "All Joy and No Fun: Why Parents Hate Parenting," children of middle- and upper-class families are often:
A)reared by nannies.
B)unable to participate in organized activities since both parents work and have no time for them.
C)spend over twice as much time per week in organized activities than their working-class counterparts.
D)are viewed as economic assets to the family.
87
As noted in "All Joy and No Fun: Why Parents Hate Parenting," a recent study found that women in Texas preferred housework to childcare.
A)True
B)False
88
As claimed in "Tearing," the study conducted by the authors was the first to examine the:
A)purpose of tears.
B)role of tears as a visual signal.
C)phenomenon of crying.
D)condition of "dry eye."
89
As described in "Tearing," the major finding of the study was that:
A)the presence of tears makes no difference in the emotion perceived by others.
B)a person's gender affects his or her ability to perceive emotions in others.
C)humans shed emotional tears, but animals do not.
D)facial images with tears are perceived as significantly sadder than those without tears.
90
As noted in "Tearing," the primary finding in the study was unexpected and considered a breakthrough in tear research.
A)True
B)False
91
As noted in "Good Morning, Heartache," depression is most often relieved by:
A)a combination of medication, talk therapy, and lifestyle changes.
B)medication alone.
C)talk-therapy alone.
D)lifestyle changes alone.
92
As asserted in "Good Morning, Heartache," depression is:
A)a physical disorder.
B)a purely mental disorder.
C)a disorder that is both physical and mental.
D)normal.
93
As cited in "Good Morning, Heartache," about two-thirds of the risk of depression is genetic.
A)True
B)False
94
As disclosed in "The New Survivors," each year 1.4 million Americans are diagnosed with:
A)diabetes.
B)heart disease.
C)stroke.
D)cancer.
95
As identified in "The New Survivors," the prognosis for those with cancer:
A)is still not bright.
B)has improved with new diagnostic tests and treatments.
C)has always been quite good despite its reputation as a killer.
D)has not improved over time despite a plethora of new treatments and therapies.
96
As described in "The New Survivors," a trait common among cancer survivors is a can-do attitude.
A)True
B)False
97
According to "Healthy Aging in Later Life," a basic element of life that is often realized and accepted later in life is that:
A)change is inevitable.
B)psychological impairment is a part of growing older.
C)there are no advantages to aging.
D)there are no satisfactory answers to life's fundamental questions.
98
As reported in "Healthy Aging in Later Life," in order to achieve meaningfulness in life as well as psychological well-being, older people should:
A)ignore or deny the inevitability of death.
B)cease making plans for the future.
C)withdraw from others and spend time looking internally.
D)set short- and long-term goals.
99
As noted in "Healthy Aging in Later Life," disengagement theory and activity theory have been determined to be mutually exclusive.
A)True
B)False
100
As profiled in "More Good Years," Greek immigrant Yiannis Karimalis' story is extraordinary because he was:
A)able to leave the United States and return home to die.
B)cured of a particularly deadly cancer through traditional U.S. medical treatments.
C)one of the first Ikarian natives ever to be diagnosed with cancer.
D)able to beat a deadly cancer diagnosis, seemingly by returning to his native lifestyle.
101
As presented in "More Good Years," the most astonishing thing about Ikaria's 90-and-older population is that there are virtually no incidences of:
A)cancer.
B)heart disease.
C)Alzheimer's disease.
D)diabetes.
102
As reported in "More Good Years," one possible reason for Ikarian longevity is that the population does not engage in partying or other outlandish celebratory behavior.
A)True
B)False
103
As mentioned in "This Is Your Brain. Aging.", cognitive reasoning ability peaks around:
A)the high school years.
B)the college years.
C)age 28.
D)age 60.
104
As presented in "This Is Your Brain. Aging.", most of the difference between people's brains at age 20 and age 80 has to do with:
A)nutrition.
B)genes.
C)age.
D)lifestyle choices.
105
As asserted in "This Is Your Brain. Aging.", cognitive processes begin to decline in one's 20s.
A)True
B)False
106
As maintained in "The Caregiving Boomerang," the greatest source of stress between human beings is:
A)the parent-child relationship.
B)the employer-employee relationship.
C)sibling rivalry.
D)strife between romantic partners.
107
As addressed in "The Caregiving Boomerang," like teachers and nurses, caregivers are at a high risk of:
A)diabetes.
B)mental illness.
C)needing extensive home care themselves.
D)burnout.
108
As stated in "The Caregiving Boomerang," one-third of family caregivers are men.
A)True
B)False





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