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1
According to "The Federalist, No. 17," Alexander Hamilton was strongly in favor of:
A)a weak federal government.
B)no federal government at all.
C)a strong centralized government.
D)disbanding state governments.
2
Alexander Hamilton, the author of "The Federalist, No. 17," is replying to critics who assert that:
A)federal governments have diffuse structures.
B)confederacy resembles feudal anarchy.
C)national government could usurp too much power from the states.
D)state governments are generally more upright and prudent than national government.
3
As explained in "The Federalist, No. 17," the operations of the national government fall more immediately under the observation of the mass of the citizens.
A)True
B)False
4
As presented in "The Federalist, No. 45," the powers given to the federal government by the Constitution are necessary to:
A)restrict the powers of the states.
B)ensure the safety and welfare of citizens.
C)protect the states from outside enemies.
D)provide the services state governments are unwilling to fund.
5
James Madison, in "The Federalist, No. 45," asserts that state governments are stronger than the federal government in all of the following ways except:
A)state legislatures help elect the president.
B)employees of the states outnumber federal employees.
C)state legislatures elect the Senate.
D)only the states can regulate commerce.
6
As noted in "The Federalist, No. 45," the Union is essential to the security of the American people.
A)True
B)False
7
According to "Nature of the American State," states now are moving toward a position of greater:
A)uniformity.
B)individuality.
C)isolation.
D)cooperation.
8
According to "Nature of the American State," all of the following forces work to make the states uniform except:
A)boundaries following natural geographic features.
B)constant movement of the population.
C)modern communication and transport.
D)the national extent of political parties.
9
As noted in "Nature of the American State," state politics are largely swayed by forces and motives external to the particular state.
A)True
B)False
10
As concluded in "Federalism's Ups and Downs," the erosion of state authority began:
A)after the World Trade Center attacks of September 11, 2001.
B)when large corporations began to declare bankruptcy.
C)prior to the terrorist attacks and the economic downturn.
D)as a result of the controversy surrounding the 2000 presidential election.
11
As presented in "Federalism's Ups and Downs," the recent trend in government allocation of power and authority has moved toward:
A)centralization.
B)military law.
C)citizens' rights.
D)devolution.
12
As cited in "Federalism's Ups and Downs," Bill Clinton and Newt Gingrich both support the granting of authority and power to state governments.
A)True
B)False
13
The federal balance today, as explained in "Federalism at a Crossroads," is putting enormous pressure on state budgets as the national government:
A)dictates new tax policies.
B)is working to impose a national sales tax.
C)enacts initiatives that the states must pay to implement.
D)delays the payment of block grants to the states.
14
State expenditures, as reported in "Federalism at a Crossroads," increased by a greater percentage than revenues, primarily as a result of:
A)pension funding.
B)Medicaid spending.
C)veterans benefits.
D)higher education.
15
According to "Federalism at a Crossroads," one of the distinctive features of U.S. federalism is that it is the only major federal system in the world in which the national government does not systematically share revenues with state governments.
A)True
B)False
16
Several states, as reported in "NCLB: Feds Crack the Door," have proposed not following the No Child Left Behind Act, although this would mean that they:
A)would no longer receive federal funds.
B)could lose accreditation.
C)could no longer participate in athletic conferences.
D)might risk the status of their universities.
17
At the center of the controversy surrounding the implementation of NCLB, as explained in "NCLB: Feds Crack the Door," has been the state of:
A)Vermont.
B)California.
C)Iowa.
D)Utah.
18
Under NCLB, as cited in "NCLB: Feds Crack the Door," special-education students are expected to perform at grade level, without consideration of their specific disabilities.
A)True
B)False
19
According to "Eminent Domain--For the Greater Good?" city and state officials argue that eminent domain is an important tool and sometimes the only option available for them to:
A)increase their tax base.
B)improve blighted areas.
C)collect back taxes.
D)discourage undesirable businesses.
20
One of the most successful uses of eminent domain, as maintained in "Eminent Domain--For the Greater Good?" was in:
A)Baltimore.
B)Chicago.
C)San Francisco.
D)Detroit.
21
Eminent domain, as noted in "Eminent Domain--For the Greater Good?" has been a tool available to governments only since the mid-twentieth century.
A)True
B)False
22
The overall idea of devolution, as put forth in "Devolution's Double Standard," has a rich intellectual history in the:
A)legal documents of ancient civilizations.
B)Roman Catholic Church.
C)U.S. Constitution.
D)Bible.
23
Republicans in Congress, as reported in "Devolution's Double Standard," were praising the portion of the Constitution that stated powers not granted to the federal government fell to the states just a few months before they passed a bill forbidding states to:
A)set their own marriage laws.
B)manage tort reform.
C)legalize gambling if they wished.
D)collect sales tax on Internet transactions.
24
Most politicians who claim to believe in devolution, as explained in "Devolution's Double Standard," are routinely willing to follow this belief wherever it might lead.
A)True
B)False
25
The first statewide vote-by-mail held in Oregon, as described in "The Oregon Voting Revolution," was held in an election for:
A)U.S. senator.
B)the state legislature.
C)governor.
D)president.
26
The political parties in Oregon, as noted in "The Oregon Voting Revolution," spent the first few years after vote-by-mail was implemented trying to determine whether the process:
A)led to voter intimidation.
B)reduced the number of people registering to vote.
C)benefited one party over the other.
D)resulted in more negative campaigning.
27
Although mail voting has been popular in Oregon, as explained in "The Oregon Voting Revolution," citizens can still vote at their customary polling places.
A)True
B)False
28
Municipalities and counties in all of the following states, as described in "On the Oregon Trail," have been granted the option to run all vote-by-mail elections except:
A)Vermont.
B)Arizona.
C)Colorado.
D)Washington.
29
As reported in "On the Oregon Trail," as a result of major programming glitches in electronic voting machines in North Carolina, there was significant disruption to the election for:
A)governor.
B)police commissioner.
C)agricultural commissioner.
D)attorney general.
30
In the mid-1980s, as noted in "On the Oregon Trail," permanent-registration absentee balloting was first introduced in Washington state for disabled and elderly voters.
A)True
B)False
31
As asserted in "Locking Up the Vote," laws governing a felon's right to vote have had the most negative impact on:
A)women.
B)blacks.
C)Republicans.
D)younger voters.
32
According to "Locking Up the Vote," felon disenfranchisement is an odd form of retribution because:
A)there is no clear link between the punishment and the crime.
B)it allows those convicted of white-collar felonies to vote.
C)voting is a right in America.
D)felons are allowed to carry guns but not to vote.
33
As claimed in "Locking Up the Vote," some early disenfranchisement laws were intentionally constructed to eliminate black voters.
A)True
B)False
34
According to "Justice for Rent," private contributions to judicial campaigns can damage judicial independence and lead to:
A)white-collar crime.
B)a bankrupt judicial system.
C)more violent crime.
D)potential corruption.
35
As reported in "Justice for Rent," the trend toward increasing expenditures in judicial campaigns dates back to 1978 when:
A)a judicial candidate pressured attorneys to contribute to her campaign.
B)the American Bar Association was formed.
C)a group of district attorneys recruited candidates to challenge incumbents.
D)the Code of Judicial Conduct was established.
36
As noted in "Justice for Rent," the federal judiciary is structured to avoid any politicization through lifetime appointments.
A)True
B)False
37
As suggested in "Electoral Overload," a major problem with having a partisan post that deals with election administration is that:
A)corruption can result.
B)citizens will refuse to vote.
C)Democrats and Republicans will never agree on the results.
D)it is too time-consuming for voters.
38
As presented in "Electoral Overload," a positive response to the types of problems found in Louisiana would be to:
A)eliminate all elective offices below the federal level.
B)have the governor of each state appoint all other officials.
C)reexamine some partisan elective offices nationwide.
D)educate voters on all the elective offices in their state.
39
As maintained in "Electoral Overload," there is a direct and consistent relationship between the number of elective offices in a state and the quality of government in that state.
A)True
B)False
40
One of the lasting effects of California's Proposition 13, as described in "California, Here We Come," has been to:
A)eliminate income taxes in California.
B)reduce government waste in the state.
C)encourage ballot initiatives in other states.
D)make citizens more aware of their role in government.
41
As reported in "California, Here We Come," Proposition 13 had a negative effect on:
A)educational spending in California.
B)small business owners.
C)laws to reduce illegal immigration.
D)property owners.
42
As noted in "California, Here We Come," as a result of Proposition 13, California now spends more money per student than any other state.
A)True
B)False
43
In the last 30 years, the use of initiatives in statewide elections has:
A)declined.
B)stayed about the same.
C)increased slightly.
D)increased dramatically.
44
As stated in "The Initiative--Take It or Leave It?" the initiative had its heyday:
A)in the colonial period.
B)between 1898 and 1918.
C)during World War II.
D)in the 1960s.
45
For lawmakers, as noted in "The Initiative--Take It or Leave It?" a major problem with initiatives is that they ask voters to make yes-or-no decisions on very complex issues.
A)True
B)False
46
Interest in pursuing recalls against unpopular politicians, as maintained in "Total Recall," will likely increase due to the:
A)failure of term-limit efforts in state governments.
B)publicity generated by California's recall of Governor Davis.
C)growing number of states that are passing recall provisions.
D)rising number of scandals affecting politicians at all levels of government.
47
As put forth in "Total Recall," along with recalls, California can also be credited with increasing the popularity in other places of:
A)ballot initiatives.
B)caps on property taxes.
C)shorter terms for state legislators.
D)increasing the number of state positions that are filled by election.
48
In most states that allow for the recall of a state official, as noted in "Total Recall," the requirements for holding a recall ballot are more lenient than they are in California. (F)
A)True
B)False
49
The most common criticism of public meetings, as explained in "Public Meetings and the Democratic Process," is that rather than providing a means of citizen input, public hearings:
A)only confuse important issues.
B)waste time on trivial matters.
C)enable officials to proceed more easily with decisions they have already made.
D)allow each speaker too little time to make a coherent policy point.
50
One alternative format for public meetings that has been proposed to make them better-suited to citizen debate, as described in "Public Meetings and the Democratic Process," is to:
A)allow citizens to question whoever is speaking during the meeting.
B)arrange participants in roundtable or small group settings for debate.
C)require that all questions be submitted beforehand so they can be reviewed by public officials.
D)hold shorter meetings more frequently that are devoted to discussion of only a single topic.
51
At most public meetings, as set forth in "Public Meetings and the Democratic Process," dialogue between public officials and the citizens in attendance is forbidden.
A)True
B)False
52
According to "A Shift of Substance," in decades past, broadcast stations felt an obligation to provide local news because:
A)they were using the public airwaves.
B)their license renewal depended on public support.
C)people had fewer news options.
D)they wanted to support the communities in which they were located.
53
After the recent Northeast blackout, as reported in "A Shift of Substance," the Clear Channel radio station in Fayetteville, New York, took all of the following steps to improve future coverage of emergencies except:
A)replacing the news director.
B)adding newsroom staff.
C)partnering with the local television station for news coverage.
D)developing a coverage plan for future disasters.
54
One result of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, as put forth in "A Shift of Substance," has been to increase the level of local news coverage by radio stations.
A)True
B)False
55
The results of a survey, as reported in "Adversaries Always," show that members of both professions,' legislators' and reporters' question the other's:
A)commitment.
B)ethics.
C)tactics.
D)decisions.
56
Regarding the issue of media bias, a large majority of legislators thought that:
A)most news segments are biased.
B)television news is more biased than print news.
C)most new segments are unbiased.
D)the most unbiased reporters are in the Middle West.
57
As stated in "Adversaries Always," both legislators and reporters see their own as generally ethical.
A)True
B)False
58
Prosecutors, as asserted in "Cross Examination," are the linchpin of the criminal-justice system in that they:
A)wield influence over both judges and law-enforcement officers.
B)receive information about crimes before either defense attorneys or judges.
C)represent only the public in criminal trials.
D)as individuals are the recurring element in judicial proceedings.
59
One important factor in the new willingness of journalists to examine the actions of prosecutors, as put forth in "Cross Examination," has been the growing significance of:
A)impartiality on the part of jurors.
B)judicial review and appeals processes.
C)documented cases of wrongful conviction uncovered through DNA analysis.
D)influential law-enforcement-oriented television programs.
60
Until a few years ago when a team of reporters began to examine the record of local prosecutors' offices in Illinois, as reported in "Cross Examination," prosecutors had been accustomed to viewing the local beat reporters as allies.
A)True
B)False
61
As claimed in "The Legislature as Sausage Factory," sausage making and lawmaking appear to be similar because they each involve:
A)a lot of work.
B)a process called "storage."
C)several stages.
D)managerial oversight.
62
As presented in "The Legislature as Sausage Factory," before a bill is sent to a governor to be signed, it must:
A)pass both houses of the state legislature.
B)be put to a vote by the citizens.
C)be approved by a managerial team.
D)undergo a process called "holding."
63
As noted in "The Legislature as Sausage Factory," although it is easy to get into a sausage factory, it is almost impossible for the public to gain access to the legislative process.
A)True
B)False
64
As given in "Out with the Old," term limits in state legislatures have been:
A)rejected by voters in most states where the issue was on the ballot.
B)overwhelmingly endorsed by voters when the issue was on the ballot.
C)accepted in 42 states.
D)accepted in fewer than 5 states.
65
As recounted in "Out with the Old," term limits have been blocked in various states by all of the following except:
A)state constitutions.
B)state courts.
C)federal courts.
D)incumbents.
66
As noted in "Out with the Old," after Ohio's term limits kicked in, many of the new politicians would not even meet with lobbyists for the first few months.
A)True
B)False
67
As shown in "Women in Office: Fivefold Increase in 33 Years," the four states with the highest percentage of women lawmakers are in the:
A)Northeast.
B)South.
C)Midwest.
D)West.
68
In the city of St. Louis, as pointed out in "Are City Councils a Relic of the Past?" each alderman functions in his or her ward as the gatekeeper of:
A)new development.
B)access to city services.
C)recreational facilities.
D)education proposals.
69
According to "Are City Councils a Relic of the Past?" the main problem with the city-council system in large cities is that it leads to:
A)a confusing and complex bureaucracy.
B)frequent changes in leadership.
C)a sense of feudalism.
D)the perception of favoritism or corruption.
70
Until recently, as noted in "Are City Councils a Relic of the Past?" neither of the two major national organizations that speak for cities addressed concerns specific to councils in large cities.
A)True
B)False
71
The greatest financial difficulty facing the city of Atlanta right now, as identified in "How to Win Friends and Repair a City," is its need for improvement to the:
A)educational system.
B)public welfare administration.
C)sewage system.
D)public transportation system.
72
In order to build the necessary trust among state officials and business leaders, as maintained in "How to Win Friends and Repair a City," Mayor Franklin had to bolster the will among city residents to:
A)make hard choices.
B)work together as a community.
C)scale back on some of the more ambitious projects.
D)remain in the city in spite of hard times.
73
In spite of Mayor Franklin's best efforts, as described in "How to Win Friends and Repair a City," the Georgia Senate has not allowed a vote in Atlanta on a sales-tax increase to raise needed funds.
A)True
B)False
74
In recent years, as put forth in "The Avengers General," state attorneys general have had a great deal of influence in altering:
A)corporate regulation.
B)tax structures.
C)law-enforcement procedures.
D)appeals processes for criminal convictions.
75
The backlash against the new-found power of attorneys general, as stated in "The Avengers General," has come primarily from:
A)major corporate stockholders.
B)state governors.
C)state legislators.
D)Republican attorneys general.
76
In some ways, as pointed out in "The Avengers General," attorneys general can be more powerful than governors, in that they do not need the legislature to approve their actions, but can rely on the jury system.
A)True
B)False
77
The authors of "Travels with Arnold" believe that Governor Schwarzenegger:
A)is held accountable by the media for his performance in office.
B)has been given a free pass by the media.
C)will leave office on the heels of a recall referendum.
D)is quietly shedding his celebrity status.
78
According to "Travels with Arnold," Schwarzenegger has:
A)refused to negotiate with the California legislature.
B)cut funding for police services throughout the state.
C)reduced his own salary to $1 per year to demonstrate his concern about state deficits.
D)done many of the things for which he criticized his predecessor, Democrat Gray Davis.
79
As concluded in "Travels with Arnold," Schwarzenegger's personality makes him both a fascinating and frustrating governor for the media to cover.
A)True
B)False
80
As stressed in "Is Arnold Losing It?" Schwarzenegger's greatest political successes have come when he:
A)transcended politics and rose above partisanship.
B)worked behind the scenes.
C)operated seamlessly with Republican legislative leaders.
D)made a show of confronting Democrats in the legislature.
81
Among the issues that Governor Schwarzenegger has supported are all of the following except:
A)legal abortion.
B)gun control.
C)gay rights.
D)promoting prayer in public schools.
82
Governor Schwarzenegger, as pointed out in "Is Arnold Losing It?" routinely assails Democratic lawmakers at the same time that he insists that he would prefer to work in bipartisan fashion.
A)True
B)False
83
As she describes in her article "Justice by Numbers," Lois G. Forer eventually left her position as a judge of the Court of Common Pleas in Philadelphia because of:
A)mandatory sentencing laws.
B)lenient plea bargains made by the district attorneys.
C)an impossible caseload.
D)infighting in the legislature over judicial powers.
84
For the author of "Justice by Numbers," the most important question that a judge can ask when sentencing someone is:
A)whether the defendant is guilty.
B)what the benefits of incarceration are.
C)what the applicable sentencing guidelines are.
D)whether the defendant is a first-time offender.
85
According to "Justice by Numbers," the usual grounds for imprisonment are retribution, deterrence, and rehabilitation.
A)True
B)False
86
The key evidence against Jimmy Ray Bromgard, who was accused of raping an eight-year-old girl, as put forth in "Keeping Gideon's Promise," was:
A)DNA samples.
B)the girl's eyewitness testimony.
C)a confession made in jail.
D)hair samples found at the scene of the crime.
87
In June 2005, as noted in "Keeping Gideon's Promise," the first state to enact legislation modeled on the American Bar Association's "Ten Principles of a Public Defense Delivery System" was:
A)New York.
B)Vermont.
C)Montana.
D)Idaho.
88
Congress has so far refused to take up the issue of the lack of competent attorneys for poor people accused of capital crimes through new legislation, as pointed out in "Keeping Gideon's Promise."
A)True
B)False
89
One significant reason why U.S. schools do badly in international rankings, as put forth in "Who Needs a Bad Teacher When You Can Get a Worse Judge?" is that they:
A)receive far less public money than schools in other countries.
B)focus too much on test scores and rankings.
C)are largely accountable to no one.
D)can compensate with remedial courses at public universities.
90
Until recently, as maintained in "Who Needs a Bad Teacher When You Can Get a Worse Judge?" the main obstructions in the effort at education reform and accountability were seen as the:
A)administrators.
B)local politicians.
C)parents of students.
D)teachers' unions.
91
Currently, as noted in "Who Needs a Bad Teacher When You Can Get a Worse Judge?" the federal government pays less than 10 percent of the cost of education in U.S. public schools.
A)True
B)False
92
The first Children's Courts, as explained in "Reforming Juvenile Justice," were established in 1899 in the states of Illinois and:
A)Massachusetts.
B)Colorado.
C)Vermont.
D)Ohio.
93
The Supreme Court decision involving the case of Gerald Gault, as described in "Reforming Juvenile Justice," involved a 15-year-old defendant serving a 6-year term in a correctional facility for:
A)shoplifting.
B)truancy.
C)making an obscene telephone call.
D)minor assault.
94
The most dramatic example of juvenile correction reform, as related in "Reforming Juvenile Justice," came in the 1970s when the new head of the Department of Youth Services in Massachusetts closed all of the state juvenile facilities to make a completely fresh start.
A)True
B)False
95
As discussed in "How to Save Our Shrinking Cities," large cities with declining populations can best adapt:
A)by raising taxes.
B)by moving toward regional government.
C)through consolidation and de-annexation.
D)by creating enterprise and empowerment zones.
96
As described in "How to Save Our Shrinking Cities," vertical cities:
A)have little mass-transit infrastructure.
B)have low population density.
C)evolved during the industrial era.
D)are designed for rapid car and truck movement.
97
As suggested in "How to Save Our Shrinking Cities," some of the population increases in growing cities have been due to annexation of surrounding cities and towns.
A)True
B)False
98
Annexation politics, as described in "Not-So-Smart Growth," is about all of the following except:
A)who controls what happens on the land.
B)Democrat-Republican rivalry.
C)who reaps the fiscal benefits.
D)which governmental infrastructure can best handle the demands of development.
99
As concluded in "Not-So-Smart Growth," Florida's annexation wars are:
A)directed at limiting the influx of minorities.
B)extremely unusual.
C)concentrated in the state's panhandle.
D)not unusual.
100
As noted in "Not-So-Smart Growth," when annexation is done intelligently, it can impose order on complicated planning problems.
A)True
B)False
101
As noted in "Unscrambling the City," Chicago's zoning ordinances are:
A)an outdated mishmash of vague and conflicting rules.
B)a redefined system of grids.
C)in the best interests of the population.
D)government at its finest.
102
As indicated in "Unscrambling the City," Chicago's urban planners disagree about whether to:
A)make the mayor or town council responsible.
B)scrap the current zoning ordinance system or salvage it.
C)increase the open land areas or build a new stadium.
D)raise taxes for property development or for parks.
103
Once the 1990s boom hit, as characterized by "Unscrambling the City," developers bought up old homes and tore them down.
A)True
B)False
104
Small towns on the Great Plains frontier, as claimed in "Town Government...When There's Not Much Town to Govern," face all of the following problems except:
A)dwindling population.
B)loss of jobs.
C)aging populations.
D)too many children.
105
As maintained in "Town Government...When There's Not Much Town to Govern," in order to cope with stagnant tax bases, counties and towns:
A)court foreign manufacturers that want to set up in the United States.
B)depend on grants from the federal government.
C)consolidate services.
D)encourage the elderly to go on welfare.
106
As defined in "Town Government...When There's Not Much Town to Govern," America's frontier is those counties with fewer than six people per square mile.
A)True
B)False
107
As suggested in "Two Cheers for the Property Tax," the property tax is:
A)unnecessary and unfair.
B)an important component of a system of taxes.
C)the main source of income for many states.
D)the most popular tax for most citizens.
108
Most of the revenue from property taxes, as explained in "Two Cheers for the Property Tax," is spent on:
A)roads and other infrastructure.
B)government salaries.
C)education.
D)social services and pensions.
109
As noted in "Two Cheers for the Property Tax," even though the property tax is most voters' least favorite tax, few politicians are campaigning to reduce or change it.
A)True
B)False
110
As reported in "States Continue Quest for Simple Sales Tax," a 1992 Supreme Court ruling with regard to sales taxes says that states cannot:
A)collect sales taxes on computer and software purchases.
B)ignore sales taxes on Internet purchases.
C)force consumers to pay state sales taxes.
D)force out-of-state retailers to collect other states' sales taxes.
111
As noted in "States Continue Quest for Simple Sales Tax," the Supreme Court might reverse its decision if state sales-tax systems are:
A)simplified.
B)adjusted.
C)eliminated.
D)detailed.
112
As mentioned in "States Continue Quest for Simple Sales Tax," only two states have agreed to join the Streamlined Sales Tax Project.
A)True
B)False
113
The only two states that do not permit any form of gaming, as stated in "Gambling on Gaming," are Utah and:
A)Hawaii.
B)Tennessee.
C)Wyoming.
D)Vermont.
114
The most popular gaming legislation for the states recently, as reported in "Gambling on Gaming," has focused on:
A)expanding the state lottery.
B)Indian casinos.
C)table games.
D)racinos.
115
Given the amount of interest in gaming by state legislatures, as noted in "Gambling on Gaming," it is almost hard to remember that gambling was once looked down on from a moral point of view.
A)True
B)False
116
According to "The Rise of the Creative Class," places that thrive in today's world tend to:
A)attract greater numbers of creative people.
B)have well-established social structures.
C)have homogeneous populations.
D)provide standard quality-of-life amenities.
117
As reported in "The Rise of the Creative Class," the distinguishing characteristic of the creative class is that its members:
A)are involved in the arts and entertainment.
B)care nothing about convention.
C)engage in work that creates meaningful new forms.
D)are super-specialized in their fields.
118
As stated in "The Rise of the Creative Class," cities where there are large concentrations of service-class workers are all tourist attractions.
A)True
B)False
119
In order to create the Rookwood Exchange project in Norwood, Ohio, as explained in "The Condemned," the developer has offered homeowners in the neighborhood 35 percent above market value for their homes if:
A)they will leave before the end of the year.
B)they will agree to having their homes torn down, not just sold.
C)everyone in the area agrees to sell.
D)they will agree to support the new shopping complex.
120
Once properties have been condemned under eminent domain, as set forth in "The Condemned," the purchase price offered to the homeowners is set through:
A)a consultation with local real estate agents.
B)decree by the city council.
C)a series of jury trials.
D)an assessment of recent real estate sales.
121
The use of eminent domain, as described in "The Condemned," is laid out in the U.S. Constitution under the Fifth Amendment.
A)True
B)False
122
TIF districts, as explained in "Giving Away the Store to Get a Store," were originally developed as a means of:
A)increasing sales-tax revenues.
B)luring new jobs into an area.
C)reviving blighted or depressed areas.
D)accommodating established businesses.
123
The only states without TIF laws, as mentioned in "Giving Away the Store to Get a Store," are Arizona and:
A)Delaware.
B)New Jersey.
C)Florida.
D)California.
124
Since most cities are using TIF districts to attract new businesses, as pointed out in "Giving Away the Store to Get a Store," large chain stores can play the cities off against each other to boost the handouts they receive to operate their profit-making businesses.
A)True
B)False
125
The biggest government subsidy package ever offered, as cited in "Money for Nothing," was in 1998 to:
A)American Express by New York City.
B)Kvaerner ASA by Philadelphia.
C)Mercedes-Benz by Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
D)the New York Stock Exchange by New York' borough of Manhattan.
126
Recently, as described in "Money for Nothing," activists have focused their attention on government subsidies with the intent of accomplishing all of the following except:
A)contesting corporate welfare.
B)limiting business development.
C)bringing back-room deals forward for public inspection.
D)attaching strings to public economic-development dollars.
127
Almost all governmental subsidies and inducements to corporations, as mentioned in "Money for Nothing," require that the recipient provide a set number of jobs and contribute to the welfare of the community.
A)True
B)False
128
The state of Texas, as described in "Going Outside," is about to begin a large-scale attempt to privatize the administration of:
A)state pensions.
B)public schools.
C)welfare benefits.
D)public hospitals.
129
A number of health and social-services advocates, as reported in "Going Outside," have argued against the privatization of welfare-benefit administration because:
A)these jobs are too sensitive to sell off.
B)there are no provisions for appeals if claims are denied.
C)changing welfare requirements make the process too complex.
D)private administrators will lack the social-work background to assist people with more than short-term monetary assistance.
130
Although there has been a movement to privatize a growing number of government functions, as stated in "Going Outside," elements such as the actual design of programs are not considered suitable for outsourcing.
A)True
B)False
131
The goal of current school reform, as presented in "New Ways of Education," is to:
A)give parents more choice in schools.
B)improve final outcomes.
C)satisfy the particular interests of each student.
D)prepare students for a rapidly changing world outside of school.
132
According to "New Ways of Education," school reform has been motivated by all of the following developments except:
A)a growing awareness that public schools are not producing satisfactory results.
B)the recognition that not all students are well-suited to a single approach to education.
C)changes have been occurring in the organization of public and private entities that can now be applied to schooling.
D)demands by teachers and their unions that they have more control over the development of curriculum and that their abilities be put to better use.
133
As explained in "New Ways of Education," alternative schools are among the few new school options in which student enrollment is chosen by school systems rather than parents.
A)True
B)False
134
As maintained in "Jails for Jesus," Prison Fellowship Ministries (PFM) emphasizes:
A)evangelical Christianity.
B)the inclusion of members of all religions.
C)liberal Protestantism.
D)typical group-therapy processes and goals.
135
As related in "Jails for Jesus," PFM:
A)has no paid employees.
B)relies on federal grants for its entire budget.
C)is only allowed into minimum-security prisons.
D)sends volunteers into prisons in every state.
136
As claimed in "Jails for Jesus," completing the InnerChange program in Kansas amounts to a get-out-of-jail-free card with the Parole Board.
A)True
B)False
137
According to "Medicaid: 10 Fixes That Work," the greatest percentage of Medicaid expenditures goes to:
A)personal-health care.
B)nursing-home care.
C)prescription-drug payments.
D)hospital care.
138
A number of states, as described in "Medicaid: 10 Fixes That Work," have programs to manage chronic conditions, most often diabetes and:
A)heart disease.
B)tuberculosis.
C)asthma.
D)cancer.
139
The Congressional Budget Office, as cited in "Medicaid: 10 Fixes That Work," anticipates that Medicaid costs will now start to decline slowly after years of rising.
A)True
B)False
140
For teens, as maintained in "Surviving Driving," having a driver's license is:
A)mainly about being able to drive fast.
B)the big step toward adulthood.
C)not as important as it used to be.
D)less important in rural areas.
141
As shown in "Surviving Driving," the number of teen drivers who die in accidents each year is about:
A)1,000.
B)2,500.
C)6,000.
D)11,000.
142
As shown in "Surviving Driving," graduated driver's licenses are now required in all states.
A)True
B)False
143
Many consider methamphetamine the most dangerous drug in the country, as asserted in "The Meth Menace," because it:
A)provides a potent high.
B)is easy to create.
C)can be sold cheaply.
D)often induces violent tendencies in users.
144
According to "The Meth Menace," many experts contend that methamphetamine use first began with:
A)prison inmates.
B)club drug users.
C)the gay community.
D)biker gangs.
145
The process of cleaning up meth labs, as described in "The Meth Menace," can be both expensive and physically dangerous.
A)True
B)False
146
As asserted in "Fixing the Rotten Corporate Barrel," confronting the current power of corporations can be compared to:
A)waging war against the interests of average citizens.
B)seeking to eliminate the control of monarchies in the past.
C)protesting the global economy.
D)interfering with the freedoms of a democracy.
147
As claimed in "Fixing the Rotten Corporate Barrel," any citizens' agenda for achieving sustainability in the world must be rooted in:
A)cooperation with the current corporate climate.
B)support for expanding U.S. markets into needy countries.
C)recognizing the limited power of corporations.
D)the reversal of corporate rule
148
As noted in "Fixing the Rotten Corporate Barrel," a key problem of the concept of corporation as a "fictitious person" is that corporations do not embody human emotional characteristics.
A)True
B)False







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