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Practice Quiz
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1
According to "The Federalist, No. 17," Alexander Hamilton was strongly in favor of
A)a weak federal government.
B)no federal government at all.
C)a strong centralized government.
D)disbanding state governments.
2
Alexander Hamilton, the author of "The Federalist, No. 17," is replying to critics who assert that
A)federal governments have diffuse structures.
B)confederacy resembles feudal anarchy.
C)national government could usurp too much power from the states.
D)state governments are generally more upright and prudent than national government.
3
As explained in "The Federalist, No. 17," the operations of the national government fall more immediately under the observation of the mass of the citizens.
A)True
B)False
4
As presented in "The Federalist, No. 45," the powers given to the federal government by the Constitution are necessary to
A)restrict the powers of the states.
B)ensure the safety and welfare of citizens.
C)protect the states from outside enemies.
D)provide the services state governments are unwilling to fund.
5
James Madison, in "The Federalist, No. 45," asserts that state governments are stronger than the federal government in all of the following ways except
A)state legislatures help elect the president.
B)employees of the states outnumber federal employees.
C)state legislatures elect the Senate.
D)only the states can regulate commerce.
6
As noted in "The Federalist, No. 45," the Union is essential to the security of the American people.
A)True
B)False
7
According to "Nature of the American State," states now are moving toward a position of greater
A)uniformity.
B)individuality.
C)isolation.
D)cooperation.
8
According to "Nature of the American State," all of the following forces work to make the states uniform except
A)boundaries following natural geographic features.
B)constant movement of the population.
C)modern communication and transport.
D)the national extent of political parties.
9
As noted in "Nature of the American State," state politics are largely swayed by forces and motives external to the particular state.
A)True
B)False
10
As identified in "The American System of Townships," the overarching principle that hovers over the American political system is
A)ownership of property.
B)sovereignty of the people.
C)equality of opportunity.
D)adversarial balance.
11
As observed in "The American System of Townships," the individual obeys society because he
A)recognizes his inferiority to lawmakers.
B)fears his fellow citizens.
C)knows he is incapable of governing himself.
D)knows useful union is impossible without a regulating authority.
12
As suggested in "The American System of Townships," the attachment of a New Englander to his township stems from the fact that he was born there.
A)True
B)False
13
According to "Local Government: Observations," differences in the characteristics of local government spring from
A)the ethnic makeup of the communities.
B)population density.
C)the differences in the character of the original colonists and the circumstances of founding.
D)the climate and topographical differences at the present time.
14
As identified in "Local Government: Observations," the area in which the county prevails as the unit of local government is
A)the South.
B)New England.
C)the Northwest.
D)the Middle West.
15
The author of "Local Government: Observations," notes that illiteracy is higher in the Southern states that northern ones.
A)True
B)False
16
As pointed out in "Demographics and Destiny," numerous surveys of public opinion suggest that
A)America is on the path of inevitable decline.
B)population growth equates with prosperity.
C)major expansions of government are widely opposed.
D)diversity will require more centralized authority.
17
According to "Demographics and Destiny," high-density development
A)is most popular in suburbia.
B)is environmentally smart growth.
C)is inevitable across America.
D)faces little opposition in liberal communities.
18
As noted in "Demographics and Destiny," Americans are more settled in their current locations than at any time in our history.
A)True
B)False
19
According to "Taking Stock," most of all, urban revival is linked with
A)fiscal health.
B)changing demographics.
C)strengthened infrastructure.
D)new technology.
20
As identified in "Taking Stock," problems identified as scourges of American cities in the 1980s include all of the following except
A)crime.
B)social degradation.
C)overpopulation.
D)crack cocaine use.
21
As stated in "Taking Stock," the federal government has always taken the lead in innovation in energy policy.
A)True
B)False
22
According to "Eminent Domain--For the Greater Good?" city and state officials argue that eminent domain is an important tool and sometimes the only option available for them to
A)increase their tax base.
B)improve blighted areas.
C)collect back taxes.
D)discourage undesirable businesses.
23
One of the most successful uses of eminent domain, as maintained in "Eminent Domain--For the Greater Good?" was in
A)Baltimore.
B)Chicago.
C)San Francisco.
D)Detroit.
24
Eminent domain, as noted in "Eminent Domain--For the Greater Good?" has been a tool available to governments only since the mid-twentieth century.
A)True
B)False
25
The overall idea of devolution, as put forth in "Devolution's Double Standard," has a rich intellectual history in the
A)legal documents of ancient civilizations.
B)Roman Catholic Church.
C)U.S. Constitution.
D)Bible.
26
Republicans in Congress, as reported in "Devolution's Double Standard," were praising the portion of the Constitution that stated powers not granted to the federal government fell to the states just a few months before they passed a bill forbidding states to
A)set their own marriage laws.
B)manage tort reform.
C)legalize gambling if they wished.
D)collect sales tax on Internet transactions.
27
Most politicians who claim to believe in devolution, as explained in "Devolution's Double Standard," are routinely willing to follow this belief wherever it might lead.
A)True
B)False
28
Municipalities and counties in all of the following states, as described in "On the Oregon Trail," have been granted the option to run all vote-by-mail elections except
A)Vermont.
B)Arizona.
C)Colorado.
D)Washington.
29
As reported in "On the Oregon Trail," as a result of major programming glitches in electronic voting machines in North Carolina, there was significant disruption to the election for
A)governor.
B)police commissioner.
C)agricultural commissioner.
D)attorney general.
30
In the mid-1980s, as noted in "On the Oregon Trail," permanent-registration absentee balloting was first introduced in Washington state for disabled and elderly voters.
A)True
B)False
31
As noted in "Caperton's Coal," Hugh Caperton's argument against Judge Brent Benjamin was centered on Benjamin's
A)opposition to union labor.
B)friendship with Don Blankenship.
C)lack of experience on the bench.
D)acceptance of campaign contributions from Don Blankenship.
32
As reported in "Caperton's Coal," the tradition of English common law regarding disqualification of a judge focuses nearly exclusively on the judge's
A)prior statements.
B)financial stake in the outcome of the case.
C)known associations with involved parties.
D)past cases.
33
As pointed out in "Caperton's Coal," the majority of states pick their judges through some form of election.
A)True
B)False
34
As reported in "The No-Tax Pledge," economists contend that income taxes
A)are not necessary for a mature state tax system.
B)do not perform as well as sales taxes.
C)add to regressiveness.
D)have a fortuitous tendency to grow over time.
35
As stated in "The No-Tax Pledge," Wyoming's Tax Reform 2000 Committee recommended an income tax because of concern about the state's over-reliance on revenues from the
A)sales tax.
B)energy tax.
C)vehicle tax.
D)mineral tax.
36
As noted in "The No-Tax Pledge," the majority of states have an income tax.
A)True
B)False
37
One of the lasting effects of California's Proposition 13, as described in "California, Here We Come," has been to
A)eliminate income taxes in California.
B)reduce government waste in the state.
C)encourage ballot initiatives in other states.
D)make citizens more aware of their role in government.
38
As reported in "California, Here We Come," Proposition 13 had a negative effect on
A)educational spending in California.
B)small business owners.
C)laws to reduce illegal immigration.
D)property owners.
39
As noted in "California, Here We Come," as a result of Proposition 13, California now spends more money per student than any other state.
A)True
B)False
40
According to "Taking the Initiative," the key element missing from the initiative process that is injected by the panel review is
A)accurate information.
B)accountability.
C)public deliberation.
D)two-way communication.
41
As reported in "Taking the Initiative," the ballot initiative that was the subject of the pilot program of Oregon's initiative review program concerned the issue of
A)bilingual education.
B)legalized suicide.
C)collective bargaining.
D)marijuana taxes.
42
As stated in "Taking the Initiative," the initiative process used in Oregon gives voters the opportunity to amend pending legislation.
A)True
B)False
43
The most common criticism of public meetings, as explained in "Public Meetings and the Democratic Process," is that rather than providing a means of citizen input, public hearings
A)only confuse important issues.
B)waste time on trivial matters.
C)enable officials to proceed more easily with decisions they have already made.
D)allow each speaker too little time to make a coherent policy point.
44
One alternative format for public meetings that has been proposed to make them better-suited to citizen debate, as described in "Public Meetings and the Democratic Process," is to
A)allow citizens to question whoever is speaking during the meeting.
B)arrange participants in roundtable or small group settings for debate.
C)require that all questions be submitted beforehand so they can be reviewed by public officials.
D)hold shorter meetings more frequently that are devoted to discussion of only a single topic.
45
At most public meetings, as set forth in "Public Meetings and the Democratic Process," dialogue between public officials and the citizens in attendance is forbidden.
A)True
B)False
46
According to "Reloading at the Statehouse," in covering state news, the Associated Press
A)contends that statehouses are not a crucial part of democracy.
B)keeps at least one staffer in every state capital.
C)has sharply increased the number of its news-department employees.
D)considers such coverage optional.
47
As reported in "Reloading at the Statehouse," Michael Drewniak contends from his perspective as Governor Chris Christie's press secretary that
A)the lack of editorial interest in the governor is a good thing.
B)he did not expect journalistic attacks.
C)today's journalists ask tough questions.
D)today's journalists are lazy.
48
As noted in "Reloading at the Statehouse," residents of New Jersey take it for granted that their state government is corrupt.
A)True
B)False
49
As reported in "Bloggers Press for Power," the common view held by those who allot press credentials is that bloggers are not worthy of credentials because they
A)are not paid professionals.
B)do not cover every issue.
C)are not being read by many people.
D)do not have the same standards of accuracy and ethics as news reporters.
50
As noted in "Bloggers Press for Power," blogger Eileen Smith contends that
A)bloggers can be more effective from the gallery than the floor.
B)qualified bloggers should get press credentials.
C)powerful people do not read blogs.
D)traditional media get press credentials because of their objectivity.
51
According to "Bloggers Press for Power," a majority of Americans read blogs.
A)True
B)False
52
According to "Cities Without Newspapers," political science professor Jim Snyder and economist David Stromberg found that members of Congress who get a lot of newspaper coverage are less likely to
A)work hard for their constituents.
B)vote along party lines.
C)funnel money back home.
D)testify at committee hearings.
53
As noted in "Cities Without Newspapers," Charlotte Hall of the Orlando Sentinel says the power of newspapers is in their
A)ability to aggregate audience.
B)generalized accountability.
C)support of the business community.
D)unifying influence.
54
As pointed out in "Cities Without Newspapers," there are several major American cities that no longer have a daily newspaper.
A)True
B)False
55
Prosecutors, as asserted in "Cross Examination," are the linchpin of the criminal-justice system in that they
A)wield influence over both judges and law-enforcement officers.
B)receive information about crimes before either defense attorneys or judges.
C)represent only the public in criminal trials.
D)as individuals are the recurring element in judicial proceedings.
56
One important factor in the new willingness of journalists to examine the actions of prosecutors, as put forth in "Cross Examination," has been the growing significance of
A)impartiality on the part of jurors.
B)judicial review and appeals processes.
C)documented cases of wrongful conviction uncovered through DNA analysis.
D)influential law-enforcement-oriented television programs.
57
Until a few years ago when a team of reporters began to examine the record of local prosecutors' offices in Illinois, as reported in "Cross Examination," prosecutors had been accustomed to viewing the local beat reporters as allies.
A)True
B)False
58
According to "A Shift of Substance," in decades past, broadcast stations felt an obligation to provide local news because
A)they were using the public airwaves.
B)their license renewal depended on public support.
C)people had fewer news options.
D)they wanted to support the communities in which they were located.
59
After the recent Northeast blackout, as reported in "A Shift of Substance," the Clear Channel radio station in Fayetteville, New York, took all of the following steps to improve future coverage of emergencies except
A)replacing the news director.
B)adding newsroom staff.
C)partnering with the local television station for news coverage.
D)developing a coverage plan for future disasters.
60
One result of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, as put forth in "A Shift of Substance," has been to increase the level of local news coverage by radio stations.
A)True
B)False
61
As claimed in "The Legislature as Sausage Factory," sausage making and lawmaking appear to be similar because they each involve
A)a lot of work.
B)a process called "storage."
C)several stages.
D)managerial oversight.
62
As presented in "The Legislature as Sausage Factory," before a bill is sent to a governor to be signed, it must
A)pass both houses of the state legislature.
B)be put to a vote by the citizens.
C)be approved by a managerial team.
D)undergo a process called "holding."
63
As noted in "The Legislature as Sausage Factory," although it is easy to get into a sausage factory, it is almost impossible for the public to gain access to the legislative process.
A)True
B)False
64
According to "Termed Out," proponents of term limits contend that such limits
A)prevent political corruption.
B)improve bipartisanship.
C)streamline legislation.
D)bring fresh ideas to government.
65
As reported in "Termed Out," Wayne State University's study found that one effect of term limits in Michigan has been
A)increased lobbyist influence.
B)strengthened checks and balances.
C)improved filtering by committees.
D)less government spending.
66
As noted in "Termed Out," Eric Herzik contends that the best way to prevent a "good old boy group" is to bring members into the decision-making process earlier.
A)True
B)False
67
According to "What Legislatures Need Now," the recommendations made in Sometimes Governments
A)took a "one size fits all" approach.
B)were largely ignored by legislators.
C)contained both general and specific recommendations.
D)focused exclusively on resource allocation.
68
As noted in "What Legislatures Need Now," the state that came out on top of the 1971 assessment was
A)South Dakota.
B)Maine.
C)California.
D)Louisiana.
69
As reported in "What Legislatures Need Now," public cynicism about government has refueled the reform agenda of Sometimes Governments.
A)True
B)False
70
In the city of St. Louis, as pointed out in "Are City Councils a Relic of the Past?" each alderman functions in his or her ward as the gatekeeper of
A)new development.
B)access to city services.
C)recreational facilities.
D)education proposals.
71
According to "Are City Councils a Relic of the Past?" the main problem with the city-council system in large cities is that it leads to
A)a confusing and complex bureaucracy.
B)frequent changes in leadership.
C)a sense of feudalism.
D)the perception of favoritism or corruption.
72
Until recently, as noted in "Are City Councils a Relic of the Past?" neither of the two major national organizations that speak for cities addressed concerns specific to councils in large cities.
A)True
B)False
73
As noted in "First, Kill All the School Boards," in order to help cure the ills of the U.S. educational system, the country needs to
A)give the U.S. Department of Education more authority and money.
B)encourage each school district to set its own curriculum and goals.
C)nationalize its schools, to some degree.
D)put each state government in total control of education in the state.
74
As detailed in "First, Kill All the School Boards," the aspects of the Prussian education system that Horace Mann admired included all of the following except
A)compulsory school attendance.
B)the rigorous national curriculum and tests.
C)teachers were carefully trained at national institutes.
D)schools created students who were obedient to the nation's leader.
75
As claimed in "First, Kill All the School Boards," Horace Mann's support of a national education system put him in opposition to America's tradition of radical localism regarding schools.
A)True
B)False
76
According to, "The Private Life of E-mail," in 2006 the Federal Rules of Civil Procedures were amended to require federal courts to
A)protect e-mail from inclusion in discovery.
B)establish guidelines for data storage.
C)print all electronic records.
D)treat electronic documents the same as paper.
77
As reported in "The Private Life of E-mail," in the state of Alaska, the determination if a message is a public record is based on the
A)sender's intent.
B)content of the message.
C)owner of the medium.
D)format of the message.
78
As noted in "The Private Life of E-mail," communications stored on the Internet are exempt from discovery requests.
A)True
B)False
79
As reported in, "When I Run Out of Fights, I'll Stop Fighting," what makes Governor Chris Christie so compelling to many people is the fact that
A)he is politically sophisticated.
B)his vision for the state is unique.
C)he has found the ideal adversary.
D)he has a sense of humor.
80
As noted in "When I Run Out of Fights, I'll Stop Fighting," before becoming governor of New Jersey, Chris Christie was a
A)steel worker.
B)union organizer.
C)restaurateur.
D)U.S. Attorney.
81
As pointed out in "When I Run Out of Fights, I'll Stop Fighting," Chris Christie understands that political messaging has to be grounded in the personal.
A)True
B)False
82
According to "The Badgered State: Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker is the Left's Public Enemy No. 1," Governor Scott Walker told reporters that the path to long-term financial solvency would require
A)reduction in the number of state employees.
B)the decline of union strength.
C)shared sacrifices from everyone.
D)higher property taxes.
83
As reported in "The Badgered State: Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker is the Left's Public Enemy No. 1," the most controversial part of Scott Walker's plan was the
A)imposition of limits on health coverage.
B)shift to 401k pension plans.
C)decertification of the teachers' union.
D)limits on collective bargaining rights.
84
As pointed out in "The Badgered State: Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker is the Left's Public Enemy No. 1," Wisconsin was the first state to grant public workers collective-bargaining rights.
A)True
B)False
85
According to "If He Can Make It There...," before going to New York City, Steven Goldsmith was mayor of
A)Omaha.
B)Cleveland.
C)Austin.
D)Indianapolis.
86
Describing the personal characteristics of Steven Goldsmith, the author of "If He Can Make It There..." notes that Goldsmith is
A)physically prepossessing.
B)charismatic and friendly.
C)hard working.
D)disorganized.
87
As stated in "If He Can Make It There...," author Sheila Kennedy maintains that Steven Goldsmith can be vindictive.
A)True
B)False
88
According to "Counter Cultures," in the arena of politics, personal power derives from both formal authority and
A)overt competence.
B)relationships.
C)fear.
D)intestinal fortitude.
89
As reported in "Counter Cultures," the author says the most honest environment in which he ever worked was
A)the Massachusetts House of Representatives.
B)a law firm.
C)an academic institution.
D)a newspaper.
90
As stated in "Counter Cultures," unexpected consequences are the result of lack of good political or systemic diagnoses.
A)True
B)False
91
As reported in "Rise of the Generals," Washington State Attorney General Rob McKenna says the role of the attorney general of a state is to
A)fight on behalf of consumers.
B)advocate for the status quo.
C)be a guardian of federalism.
D)keep state government honest.
92
According to "Rise of the Generals," New York Attorney General Eliot Spitzer became famous for his fight against
A)union corruption.
B)the Bush Administration's environmental policy.
C)Wall Street excesses.
D)health maintenance organizations.
93
As stated in "Rise of the Generals," only Republican attorney generals have used their positions to oppose federal regulations.
A)True
B)False
94
As she describes in her article "Justice by Numbers," Lois G. Forer eventually left her position as a judge of the Court of Common Pleas in Philadelphia because of
A)mandatory sentencing laws.
B)lenient plea bargains made by the district attorneys.
C)an impossible caseload.
D)infighting in the legislature over judicial powers.
95
For the author of "Justice by Numbers," the most important question that a judge can ask when sentencing someone is
A)whether the defendant is guilty.
B)what the benefits of incarceration are.
C)what the applicable sentencing guidelines are.
D)whether the defendant is a first-time offender.
96
According to "Justice by Numbers," the usual grounds for imprisonment are retribution, deterrence, and rehabilitation.
A)True
B)False
97
As discussed in "Kids, Not Cases," among the benefits of having judges interact with children about whom decisions are to made are all of the following except
A)observe the child's appearance.
B)see how the child interacts with people.
C)assess the child's honesty.
D)hear the child's opinions.
98
According to "Kids, Not Cases," states in which participation in court proceedings about his or her custody is a child's right include
A)South Dakota.
B)Colorado.
C)New York.
D)Minnesota.
99
As reported in "Kids, Not Cases," legislators believe that it is up to them to improve communication with courts.
A)True
B)False
100
As discussed in "How to Save Our Shrinking Cities," large cities with declining populations can best adapt
A)by raising taxes.
B)by moving toward regional government.
C)through consolidation and de-annexation.
D)by creating enterprise and empowerment zones.
101
As described in "How to Save Our Shrinking Cities," vertical cities
A)have little mass-transit infrastructure.
B)have low population density.
C)evolved during the industrial era.
D)are designed for rapid car and truck movement.
102
As suggested in "How to Save Our Shrinking Cities," some of the population increases in growing cities have been due to annexation of surrounding cities and towns.
A)True
B)False
103
According to "The Big Apple: Urban Incubator," Michael Bloomberg is obsessed with
A)lowering taxes.
B)the city's image.
C)change.
D)data.
104
As noted in "The Big Apple: Urban Incubator," probably Bloomberg's most heroic moment was
A)standing by Rudy Giulliani on September 11, 2001.
B)facing down striking sanitation workers.
C)the 2003 blackout.
D)groundbreaking for the new World Trade Center.
105
As reported in "The Big Apple: Urban Incubator," Bloomberg's Mayors against Illegal Guns program suffered a setback when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that localities cannot ban handguns.
A)True
B)False
106
As noted in "Unscrambling the City," Chicago's zoning ordinances are
A)an outdated mishmash of vague and conflicting rules.
B)a redefined system of grids.
C)in the best interests of the population.
D)government at its finest.
107
As indicated in "Unscrambling the City," Chicago's urban planners disagree about whether to
A)make the mayor or town council responsible.
B)scrap the current zoning ordinance system or salvage it.
C)increase the open land areas or build a new stadium.
D)raise taxes for property development or for parks.
108
Once the 1990s boom hit, as characterized by "Unscrambling the City," developers bought up old homes and tore them down.
A)True
B)False
109
According to "The Sentient City," the most prominent American city to have an extensive network of surveillance cameras is
A)Chicago.
B)Cleveland.
C)Detroit.
D)New York.
110
As reported in "The Sentient City," Redwood, California, was the first city in the nation to use
A)intersection cameras to catch speeders.
B)widespread air-quality testing.
C)congestion pricing ID tags.
D)a gunshot-location system.
111
As stated in "The Sentient City," entrepreneur Rob Enderle says that one of the goals of the sentient city vision is to run cities more cheaply.
A)True
B)False
112
Regarding participation in town hall democracy, the author of "267 Years and Counting: The Town Hall Meeting is Alive and Well in Pelham, Massachusetts" observes that
A)the majority of Vermonters participate in town meetings.
B)New England states have reported decreases in participation in recent years.
C)town hall meetings cannot appropriate funds.
D)town hall meetings are not genuine democracy.
113
As reported in "267 Years and Counting: The Town Hall Meeting is Alive and Well in Pelham, Massachusetts," the most contentious issue at the town meeting in Pelham was
A)renovation of town hall.
B)opening a new school.
C)salary increases.
D)changing the bylaws.
114
As stated in "267 Years and Counting: The Town Hall Meeting is Alive and Well in Pelham, Massachusetts," the town hall in Pelham was originally built to serve as a government building and church.
A)True
B)False
115
As suggested in "Two Cheers for the Property Tax," the property tax is
A)unnecessary and unfair.
B)an important component of a system of taxes.
C)the main source of income for many states.
D)the most popular tax for most citizens.
116
Most of the revenue from property taxes, as explained in "Two Cheers for the Property Tax," is spent on
A)roads and other infrastructure.
B)government salaries.
C)education.
D)social services and pensions.
117
As noted in "Two Cheers for the Property Tax," even though the property tax is most voters' least favorite tax, few politicians are campaigning to reduce or change it.
A)True
B)False
118
According to "The Rise of the Creative Class," places that thrive in today's world tend to
A)attract greater numbers of creative people.
B)have well-established social structures.
C)have homogeneous populations.
D)provide standard quality-of-life amenities.
119
As reported in "The Rise of the Creative Class," the distinguishing characteristic of the creative class is that its members
A)are involved in the arts and entertainment.
B)care nothing about convention.
C)engage in work that creates meaningful new forms.
D)are super-specialized in their fields.
120
As stated in "The Rise of the Creative Class," cities where there are large concentrations of service-class workers are all tourist attractions.
A)True
B)False
121
According to "Broke Town, U.S.A.," cities that have declared bankruptcy include
A)Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
B)Hamtramck, Michigan.
C)Vallejo, California.
D)Detroit, Michigan.
122
As reported in "Broke Town, U.S.A.," analyst Meredith Whitney
A)has not yet made an accurate prediction.
B)contends that cities cannot legally declare bankruptcy.
C)argued that municipal bonds are like subprime loans.
D)contended that states would cut aid to cities.
123
As stated in "Broke Town, U.S.A.," Orange County, California, paid every cent it owed even after declaring bankruptcy.
A)True
B)False
124
As reported in "Nothing Ventured," states like Ohio began their involvement in providing venture capital
A)to supplant private sector firms.
B)to fill a void in the marketplace.
C)despite being unsuited for the role.
D)only in low-risk situations.
125
As noted in "Nothing Ventured," Ohio Third Frontier
A)was voted down by voters because of the high cost.
B)focuses exclusively on attracting existing businesses.
C)was opposed by Governor Ted Strickland.
D)has created thousands of jobs.
126
As stated in "Nothing Ventured," unsuccessful public-funds investments in venture capital outnumber successful ones.
A)True
B)False
127
As noted in "Lacklu$ter Lotterie$," over the past 20 years, policymakers have turned to lotteries to
A)pay state workers.
B)build railroads.
C)generate revenue without raising taxes.
D)attract foreign businesses to their states.
128
As reported in "Same Sex Redux," a northeastern state that does not permit same-sex marriage is
A)New York.
B)Maine.
C)Massachusetts.
D)Vermont.
129
As noted in "Same Sex Redux," the age group most supportive of same-sex marriage is people
A)over 70.
B)50 to 70.
C)30 to 50.
D)under 30.
130
As pointed out in "Same Sex Redux," polls show the majority of Americans are opposed to same-sex marriage.
A)True
B)False
131
According to "One Size Doesn't Fit All," the current model of education in the United States is
A)overly sensitive to changing societal characteristics.
B)based on hyper-urbanization.
C)obsolete.
D)the result of teacher unionization.
132
As discussed in "One Size Doesn't Fit All," a rigorous focus on a narrow set of tested subjects is a valid approach for
A)all students.
B)advantaged school districts.
C)schools in chaotic urban centers.
D)no schools.
133
As pointed out in "One Size Doesn't Fit All," the length of the American school day makes no sense.
A)True
B)False
134
As reported in "Giving Teens a Brake," the argument made against graduated licensing in the debate on teen driving in Arkansas was that
A)teens are no more likely than other drivers to be in accidents.
B)risks are absorbed by insurers.
C)limitations on passengers reduce teen carpooling.
D)what is a problem in other states does not affect Arkansas.
135
As related in "Giving Teens a Brake," recommendations made after studying teen driving in Illinois included all of the following except
A)extend the period of time with limits on the number of passengers teens can have.
B)eliminate teen driving after dark.
C)require a conviction-free period before moving to the next level.
D)establish strict penalties for teen drivers involved in street racing.
136
As noted in "Giving Teens a Brake," graduated licenses decrease fatality and injury rates for teens ages 15-19.
A)True
B)False
137
As asserted in "Fixing the Rotten Corporate Barrel," confronting the current power of corporations can be compared to
A)waging war against the interests of average citizens.
B)seeking to eliminate the control of monarchies in the past.
C)protesting the global economy.
D)interfering with the freedoms of a democracy.
138
As claimed in "Fixing the Rotten Corporate Barrel," any citizens' agenda for achieving sustainability in the world must be rooted in
A)cooperation with the current corporate climate.
B)support for expanding U.S. markets into needy countries.
C)recognizing the limited power of corporations.
D)the reversal of corporate rule.
139
As noted in "Fixing the Rotten Corporate Barrel," a key problem of the concept of corporation as a "fictitious person" is that corporations do not embody human emotional characteristics.
A)True
B)False
140
As reported in "California, There It Went: The Irreparable Tarnishing of the Golden State," liberals contend that California's fiscal woes started with
A)unionization of public employees.
B)the tax revolt and passage of Proposition 13.
C)Ronald Reagan's budget changes.
D)lack of clarity in the tax code.
141
According to "California, There It Went: The Irreparable Tarnishing of the Golden State," the constitution of the state of California
A)is concise to the point of inadequacy.
B)invites political corruption.
C)has not responded to the need for reform.
D)is unreadable.
142
As reported in "California, There It Went: The Irreparable Tarnishing of the Golden State," in his time as governor, Gray Davis sharply curtailed pension payments to retired public employees.
A)True
B)False
143
As reported in "Prison Break," the basic premise of the Michigan Prisoner Reentry Initiative is that
A)recidivism is inevitable.
B)preventing recidivism is cheaper than re-incarceration.
C)parolees do not need supervision.
D)it is easier to punish than to rehabilitate.
144
As noted in "Prison Break," studies on crime and prison indicate that
A)longer sentences meaningfully deter crime.
B)fewer grants of parole decrease recidivism.
C)misconduct in prison correlates strongly among women inmate with failure on parole.
D)mentally ill parolees reoffend at a much higher rate than other parolees.
145
As stated in "Prison Break," Governor Jennifer Granholm opposes parole for all violent offenders.
A)True
B)False







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