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1
One of the most widely used definitions of terrorism, as quoted in "How to Define Terrorism," is that developed by
A)the United Nations.
B)the International Criminal Court.
C)the U.S. Department of State.
D)Harvard University.
2
Activities that fall below the threshold of violence that can still be considered in defining terrorism, as pointed out in "How to Define Terrorism," include all of the following except
A)bribing government officials.
B)mobilizing support around a radical subculture.
C)providing social welfare services.
D)maintaining Internet-based websites.
3
According to "How to Define Terrorism," terrorist insurgencies fall low on the list of warfare threats currently facing the international community.
A)True
B)False
4
As noted in "Analyzing and Defining Terrorist Acts," looking back over the history of terrorism in the United States, most attacks have been generated and carried out by
A)militant Islamist groups.
B)groups based in the Middle East.
C)groups defined by a religious ideology.
D)domestic groups.
5
As recalled in "Analyzing and Defining Terrorist Acts," on February 18, 2010, software engineer and pilot Joseph Stack deliberately crashed his single-engine Piper Cherokee into a Texas building that housed offices of the
A)Texas State Legislature.
B)Internal Revenue Service.
C)Southwest Council of American Muslims.
D)University of Texas at Austin.
6
As observed in "Analyzing and Defining Terrorist Acts," attacks do not have to be huge and catastrophic to be considered acts of terror.
A)True
B)False
7
As put forth in "A Critical View of Critical Terrorism Studies," it can be argued that among the practitioners of terrorism, the term "terrorism" did not come to have a mainly negative connotation until
A)the killing of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
B)September 11, 2001.
C)the French Revolution.
D)the period after World War II.
8
As assessed in "A Critical View of Critical Terrorism Studies," the analysts who focus on dissident terrorism take what may be termed a
A)legal-criteria approach.
B)critical-debate approach.
C)Homeland Security Study approach.
D)viewpoint of orthodoxy approach.
9
As contended in "A Critical View of Critical Terrorism Studies," all countries and their governments can be considered repressive in the sense that they enforce laws with which some citizens will disagree.
A)True
B)False
10
According to "Suicide Attacks on the Rise," most scholars consider the first suicide attacks in history to have been perpetrated by the Zealots and Sicarii during the
A)1st century.
B)Middle Ages.
C)Crusades.
D)World War I.
11
As noted in "Suicide Attacks on the Rise," the Nizari, an early, fierce branch of Shia Muslims, were also know as the "Hashshashin," a word believed to have spawned the term
A)assassin.
B)hashish.
C)harsh.
D)ashes to ashes.
12
As recommended in "Suicide Attacks on the Rise," military leaders should study and understand suicide attacks, which are nearly always preventable.
A)True
B)False
13
Among other poisons, as stated in "The Al Qaeda Weapons Race Continues," Al Qaeda's Abu Khabab Al Mursi was looking to create a weaponized form of
A)strychnine.
B)anthrax.
C)e. coli.
D)cyanide.
14
Al Qaeda's former head of a program to develop chemical and biological weapons, as explained in "The Al Qaeda Weapons Race Continues," was originally from
A)Pakistan.
B)Egypt.
C)Jordan.
D)Afghanistan.
15
U.S. intelligence officials, as reported in "The Al Qaeda Weapons Race Continues," are convinced that Abu Khabab Al Mursi was killed in a counter-intelligence attack launched by the CIA.
A)True
B)False
16
As stated in "Rifling through the Terrorists' Arsenal," of the fire or firebombing incidents that could be categorized, the number of manual "thrown firebombs"
A)outnumbered more sophisticated incendiary devices almost nine to one.
B)was nearly the same as the number of more sophisticated incendiary devices.
C)was the most difficult to calculate.
D)was completely eclipsed by all the other types of incendiary devices.
17
As discussed in "Rifling through the Terrorists' Arsenal," a single shot fired from a handgun at an embassy is the type of operation that is viewed in the authors' study as
A)symbolic in nature.
B)non-standardized.
C)quasi-objective.
D)uncodable.
18
As noted in "Rifling through the Terrorists' Arsenal," studies of past terrorist behavior provide the basis for the argument that terrorist groups generally prefer such basic technologies as guns and bombs.
A)True
B)False
19
At the core of the war on terror, as presented in "Rogue Operators," are the actions undertaken by
A)religious leaders.
B)mid-level government bureaucrats.
C)non-state actors.
D)sovereign states.
20
According to "Rogue Operators," states are often anxious to support terrorism as a means of
A)increasing popular support for their government.
B)encouraging foreign monetary contributions.
C)keeping the trouble out of their own yards.
D)indirectly hurting more powerful states.
21
The greatest terrorist threats to the United States today, as asserted in "Rogue Operators," remain the small group of classic state sponsors of terrorism.
A)True
B)False
22
As described in "No State Sponsors, No Terror," the death of Hezbollah terror master Imad Fayez Mugniyeh in Damascus on February 12, 2008, was caused by
A)a car bomb.
B)poisoned tea.
C)a sniper's bullet.
D)an accidental fire.
23
As translated in "No State Sponsors, No Terror," the word "Hezbollah" in Arabic means
A)Heaven's Door.
B)Blessed Demons.
C)Party of God.
D)Allah's Sword.
24
As pointed out in "No State Sponsors, No Terror," in June 1996, Saudi Arabia marked a new milestone in global terrorism with the launch of Hezbollah International, to be a central command uniting both Shia and Sunni Islamists.
A)True
B)False
25
As recalled in "Nightmares of Nuclear Terrorism," in the early 1990s, a senior officer with the CIA once told the author that only one of the following statements is true, namely that terrorism
A)is a strategic problem.
B)affects our way of life.
C)is a threat to our national security.
D)is deeply personal business.
26
According to "Nightmares of Nuclear Terrorism," the greatest possibility of a nuclear meltdown exists in
A)Afghanistan.
B)Israel.
C)the United States.
D)Pakistan.
27
As characterized in "Nightmares of Nuclear Terrorism," al-Qaeda is a conservative, risk-averse organization.
A)True
B)False
28
As pointed out in "A State of Terror," al-Shabab is an Islamist militia that controls much of Somalia and whose leadership has been linked to
A)the Earth Liberation Front.
B)the Kurdish Workers Party.
C)Hamas.
D)al-Qaeda.
29
As noted in "A State of Terror," in Arabic, the term "al-Shabab" means
A)the Youth.
B)Party of Islam.
C)Chosen of Allah.
D)Blood Avengers.
30
As concluded in "A State of Terror," to the extent that it is possible, the West should engage directly with the Somali people.
A)True
B)False
31
As portrayed in "Greece Will Be a War Zone, Sect of Revolutionaries Warns Tourists," the surge in violence in Greece
A)was caused by the Turkish minority.
B)was centered in Macedonia.
C)came amid rising social tensions over the government's austerity measures.
D)protested the European Union's discrimination toward Greece.
32
As claimed by a counter-terrorism analyst quoted in "Greece Will Be a War Zone, Sect of Revolutionaries Warns Tourists," Greece for the first time is confronting
A)a nexus of terrorist and criminal activity.
B)veterans of earlier terrorist campaigns in Pakistan.
C)domestic Islamists committed to jihad.
D)terrorists recruited in Northern Europe.
33
The new urban guerrillas, according to "Greece Will Be a War Zone, Sect of Revolutionaries Warns Tourists," have been careful to gain popular support.
A)True
B)False
34
As noted in "FARC, ELN: Colombia's Left-Wing Guerrillas," before being killed during a 2008 Colombian incursion into Ecuador, Raul Reyes was
A)a peace negotiator with the Venezuelan government.
B)the chief spokesman in the FARC's secretariat.
C)chairman of the International Crisis Group.
D)the ELN special operations commander.
35
As mentioned in "FARC, ELN: Colombia's Left-Wing Guerrillas," the U.S.-funded multibillion-dollar counternarcotics aid package that bolstered Colombian President Alvaro Uribe's security campaign against the FARC and ELN is called
A)CounterTraffic.
B)Plan Colombia.
C)Mission South America.
D)Project Americas.
36
As stated in "FARC, ELN: Colombia's Left-Wing Guerrillas," the ELN, which operates mainly in northeastern Colombia, was estimated in 2009 to have between 12,000 and 13,000 members, which marks a significant increase in military capability since the late 1990s.
A)True
B)False
37
As mentioned in "How Al Qaeda Works," in mid-2001, al-Qaeda merged with the group led by Ayman al-Zawahiri (second only to Osama bin Laden), namely the
A)Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat.
B)Libyan Islamic Fighting Group.
C)World Islamic Front for Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders.
D)Egyptian Islamic Jihad.
38
As explained in "How Al Qaeda Works," after al-Qaeda's flight from Afghanistan in December 2001, the group's Iran-based leadership and its members in the Arabian Peninsula sought to reverse the organization's fortunes by building a solid ideological foundation and a clear "program" known as a
A)qital.
B)manhaj.
C)kifaya.
D)jihad.
39
As put forth in "How Al Qaeda Works," after a decade of war, al-Qaeda is less organized today than when it carried out the 9/11 attacks.
A)True
B)False
40
As enumerated in "Militant Extremists in the United States," the FBI divides domestic extremists into four broad categories, including all of the following, except
A)homegrown Islamic.
B)multi-issue.
C)left-wing.
D)right-wing.
41
As pointed out in "Militant Extremists in the United States," from 1960 to the mid-1980s, most acts of extremist violence in the United States were committed by leftist factions like the
A)American Nazis.
B)Ku Klux Klan.
C)Weather Underground.
D)Earth Liberation Front.
42
As reported in "Militant Extremists in the United States," "lone wolf" violence is on the rise.
A)True
B)False
43
As identified in "New Yorkistan?: Initial Lessons from the Latest Homegrown Terror Plot," the NYPD's top terrorism analyst is
A)Mitch Silber.
B)Faisal Shahzad.
C)Bryant Vinas.
D)Judith Miller.
44
According to "New Yorkistan?: Initial Lessons from the Latest Homegrown Terror Plot," as a teenager, American-born Muslim extremist Mohamed Mahmood Alessa had hung out with a gang in New Jersey called the
A)Arabian Knights.
B)Palestinos.
C)Desert Devils.
D)Ali Babas.
45
As noted in "New Yorkistan?: Initial Lessons from the Latest Homegrown Terror Plot," over the last few years, at least 15 young men of Somali descent were radicalized in Minneapolis, even though there is only a very small Somali Muslim community there.
A)True
B)False
46
As noted in "Escalating Violence from the Animal Liberation Front," the leaderless resistance model employs a two-tiered approach to revolutionary struggle as envisioned by proponents such as
A)murderous cult leader Charles Manson.
B)"Unabomber" Ted Kaczynski.
C)white supremacist Louis Beam.
D)early American theologian Roger Williams.
47
As identified in "Escalating Violence from the Animal Liberation Front," the small groups of activists in the second tier of leaderless resistance who are responsible for conducting attacks are known as
A)phantom cells.
B)pack wolves.
C)shadow raiders.
D)anonymous actors.
48
As observed in "Escalating Violence from the Animal Liberation Front," the small-group attacks conducted by ELF/ALF operatives are generally very difficult to investigate.
A)True
B)False
49
As reported in "The Year in Hate and Extremism, 2010," in the year 2010, for the first time since the Southern Poverty Law Center began counting such groups in the 1980s, the number of hate groups in the United States topped
A)400.
B)525.
C)750.
D)1,000.
50
As revealed in "The Year in Hate and Extremism, 2010," by far, the most dramatic growth in hate groups in 2010 came from
A)the anti-government Patriot movement.
B)a re-energized Ku Klux Klan.
C)an Internet-nurtured American Nazi Party.
D)anti-immigration vigilantism.
51
As observed in "The Year in Hate and Extremism, 2010," as the more mainstream political right strengthens, the radical right has remained highly energized.
A)True
B)False
52
As brought out in "Communicating Politics Online," blogging represents a new genre of journalism that emphasizes
A)story forms interdependent with other websites.
B)a threat to postmodern sensibilities.
C)a loss of personalization.
D)a new set of restrictions on content creation.
53
As cited in "Communicating Politics Online," in the ongoing debate over how to accurately define the word "terrorism," Edward Said has suggested eliminating the term
A)"political violence."
B)"terrorism."
C)"freedom fighting."
D)"extremism."
54
As put forth in "Communicating Politics Online," it has been argued that the Internet can strengthen the cultural identities of diasporic populations.
A)True
B)False
55
According to "Paramilitary Groups in Northern Ireland, the Media War and the State," empirical evidence tends to suggest that the media was far less interested in Loyalist violence than Republican violence—even during the period when Loyalist violence
A)was at its peak of international attention and condemnation.
B)was the subject of a runaway best-selling novel.
C)accounted for more deaths than the IRA.
D)was the focus of a UN-sponsored investigation.
56
As noted in "Paramilitary Groups in Northern Ireland, the Media War and the State," the British government's 1988 prohibition of the broadcasting of any words spoken by a person representing a "listed" organization is remembered as the
A)Great Conservative Mute Button.
B)Stifle Order.
C)Irish Curtain.
D)Broadcasting Ban.
57
As observed in "Paramilitary Groups in Northern Ireland, the Media War and the State," the extent to which popular fiction has assisted in manufacturing a generic bias against the Republican movement is, for the most part, greatly exaggerated.
A)True
B)False
58
Mohammed "Big Dawg" Babar, as described in "Jihad with a Hip-Hop Pose Is an Easier Sell with Youth," was recently in Ottawa, Canada, to testify at the trial of Momin Khawaja, who is accused of plotting to
A)poison the prime minister.
B)take over the U.S. Embassy and hold hostages.
C)bomb a nightclub in London.
D)disrupt the Toronto water supply.
59
The greatest danger from the "gangsta jihadis," as maintained in "Jihad with a Hip-Hop Pose Is an Easier Sell with Youth," is that they
A)appear cool, even a bit sexy.
B)only seem to be incompetent.
C)may attract non-Muslim participants.
D)may soon be associated with African American culture.
60
Momin Khawaja, as noted in "Jihad with a Hip-Hop Pose Is an Easier Sell with Youth," is the last in a group of would-be terrorists charged under Canada's post-9/11 Anti-terrorism Act.
A)True
B)False
61
As quoted in "Online De-Radicalization?", Abu Mus'ab al-Suri, one of the famous strategists and ideologues of jihadism, once said that "an ideological front survives
A)any attack except doubt."
B)anything but disorganization."
C)because it is a structural fortress."
D)any security arrangements."
62
As put forth in "Online De-Radicalization?", regardless of ideology, narratives of violent extremists can be subsumed under four categories, including all of the following except
A)instrumental.
B)political.
C)historical.
D)spontaneous.
63
As stated in "Online De-Radicalization?", the socio-psychological narrative usually empowers the mainstream against the non-mainstream.
A)True
B)False
64
As set forth in "Cracks in the Jihad," one of the organizational niches into which the holy war is slipping is terrorism-cum–organized crime, fueled by narcotics, extortion, and other ordinarily illicit activities, and most visible in Afghanistan and
A)Iran.
B)Saudi Arabia.
C)Israel.
D)Indonesia.
65
As quoted in "Cracks in the Jihad," when jihadi leader Abd el-Kader warned his Western enemies, "Get ready for all Muslims to join the holy war against you," the year was
A)1256.
B)1616.
C)1839.
D)2001.
66
As maintained in "Cracks in the Jihad," for radical Islamists in Europe, the local jihad does not exist.
A)True
B)False
67
According to "In Search of Moderate Muslims," some Islamic extremists are opposed to the Muslim Brotherhood because its members
A)embrace democracy.
B)tend to be members of the middle class.
C)admire the United States.
D)will not fund suicide missions.
68
The Muslim Brotherhood, as presented in "In Search of Moderate Muslims," accepts the legitimacy of Islamist bombings and terrorism in
A)Saudi Arabia.
B)Iran.
C)Iraq.
D)Yemen.
69
The goal of former President Bush's policy with regard to Islamic terrorism, as stated in "In Search of Moderate Muslims," is to contain terrorist acts within the Arab countries.
A)True
B)False
70
As noted in "India Must Face up to Hindu Terrorism," the principal cause of Hindu radicalism, much like its Muslim counterpart in Pakistan, is the
A)Kargil War of 1999.
B)independence of Bangladesh in 1971.
C)Sino-Indian War of 1962.
D)partition of India in 1947.
71
As pointed out in "India Must Face up to Hindu Terrorism," Mahatma Gandhi's assassin was a member of the
A)Simi.
B)JNU.
C)Pehle Kasai.
D)RSS.
72
As disclosed in "India Must Face up to Hindu Terrorism," the Hindu radical outfit RSS remains open for business, even though it campaigns, very openly, for a Hindu state in India, and its members incite and perpetrate violence against Muslim and Christian minorities.
A)True
B)False
73
As presented in "Sociological Understanding of the Relationship between Terrorism and Religion," the three major sociological perspectives examined by the author include all of the following, except
A)functionalism and religion.
B)conflict theory and religion.
C)symbolic interaction and terrorism.
D)assimilation and extremism.
74
As explained in "Sociological Understanding of the Relationship between Terrorism and Religion," according to terrorist groups, their deeds and ideology are the
A)source of alienation.
B)justification for alienation.
C)cure for alienation.
D)proof there is no such thing as alienation.
75
As stated in "Sociological Understanding of the Relationship between Terrorism and Religion," all of the world's major religions categorically oppose the use of violence.
A)True
B)False
76
As explained in "Female Suicide Bombers," the primary contribution expected of women in the past has been to
A)cook and keep house for the fighting men.
B)act as messengers and do clerical jobs.
C)help raise money for the cause.
D)give birth to fighters and raise them in a revolutionary environment.
77
As pointed out in "Female Suicide Bombers," converts are a particularly dangerous group, not only because they can evade most profiles, but also because
A)their involvement is particularly shocking to the Western media.
B)most of them carry European passports.
C)they are more likely to have been raised in societies where women expect to be treated equally.
D)they are more likely to back out of suicide missions when put to the test.
78
As demonstrated in "Female Suicide Bombers," women suicide bombers are portents of gender equality in their societies.
A)True
B)False
79
According to "Picked Last," both Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad explained that the best reason to use women as suicide bombers was
A)because of their superior propaganda value in the media.
B)that women's lives are worth less to the cause than men's, so they can be more easily sacrificed.
C)in cases in which a woman can reach a target more easily than a man.
D)that women have proven more likely than men to carry out the mission.
80
As mentioned in "Picked Last," the two images that come to the fore in media reporting on Chechen female terrorists are the "black widow" and the
A)"virgin martyr."
B)"avenging angel."
C)"vampire."
D)"zombie."
81
As put forth in "Picked Last," the use of women by Chechen terrorists may represent some success by Russian security services in decreasing the number of men available to the groups.
A)True
B)False
82
As cited in "Terrorism in Africa: The Role of Women in Terrorist Groups," writer Kate Stinson believes that women may join terrorist organizations as a means of
A)revenge.
B)emancipation.
C)acquiring wealth.
D)escaping boredom.
83
As identified in "Terrorism in Africa: The Role of Women in Terrorist Groups," one of Africa's most recognized terrorist groups is the
A)United Front of Glory.
B)Watusi Independence League.
C)Female Freedom Fighters.
D)Lord's Resistance Army.
84
According to "Terrorism in Africa: The Role of Women in Terrorist Groups," terrorism and the effects of terror were first recognized during the French Revolution.
A)True
B)False
85
As identified in "The Moscow Bombing," the three key commanders involved in anti-Russia terrorism include all of the following, except
A)Abu-Akash, who commands the Uzbeks, Tajiks, and other Central Asians.
B)Abu-Hanifah, who commands the Turkish Kurds, Bosnians, and Chechens.
C)Abu-Nasir, who commands the Uighurs and Pakistanis.
D)Abu-Gharibi, who commands the Pashurnis and northern Syrians.
86
As mentioned in "The Moscow Bombing," there is a likely connection between the Moscow Metro bombings and the jihadist training facilities along the Durand Line in
A)Turkey-Syria.
B)Ethiopia-Somalia.
C)Morocco-Algeria.
D)Afghanistan-Pakistan.
87
As pointed out in "The Moscow Bombing," the waist-bomb was perfected in recent years by the jihadists in Iraq and subsequently in operations in Afghanistan-Pakistan.
A)True
B)False
88
As reported in "The Jihad against the Jihadis," the U.S. government's primary concern after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, was that
A)al-Qaeda was capable of far more serious attacks than was originally thought.
B)a major war would break out on U.S. soil.
C)al-Qaeda could establish a powerful hold over Muslims throughout the world.
D)Muslim-Americans were aligned with al-Qaeda and would be a danger to U.S. citizens.
89
As noted in "The Jihad against the Jihadis," currently, in most Muslim nations
A)al-Qaeda retains a powerful influence and control.
B)modern, secular forces are in control and extremists have been isolated.
C)democracy and political liberalism are flourishing.
D)anti-Western sentiments threaten the stability of the Middle East.
90
As claimed in "The Jihad against the Jihadis," polls in the Muslim world shortly after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks revealed a surprising degree of support for Osama bin Laden.
A)True
B)False
91
According to "Detainee Deradicalization: A Challenge for Psychological Science," the U.S. de-radicalization program in Iraq, which has been probably the most extensive one (involving 26,000 detainees), was modeled after the
A)Japanese internment in the United States in the 1940s.
B)Saudi program.
C)Utah State Prisoner Rehabilitation system.
D)so-called "Bush-Cheney approach."
92
As pointed out in "Detainee Deradicalization: A Challenge for Psychological Science," Egypt's de-radicalization program, which converted imprisoned leaders of an Islamic group closely linked with al-Qaeda to nonviolence, was initiated in the
A)1970s.
B)1990s.
C)months just preceding the terrorist attacks of 9/11.
D)spring following 9/11.
93
As argued in "Detainee Deradicalization: A Challenge for Psychological Science," hardly anything of a constructive purpose was done with the Gitmo detainees.
A)True
B)False
94
As noted in "Enemies, Not Defendants: Let the Law of War Meet the War on Terror," the purpose of promptly bringing a defendant before the first available magistrate is to conduct
A)a presentment.
B)jury selection.
C)forensic investigation.
D)a hearing.
95
As explained in "Enemies, Not Defendants: Let the Law of War Meet the War on Terror," once a rushed indictment is filed, the case is assigned to a judge, and after that, the government's resources are concentrated on the
A)interrogation.
B)intelligence gathering.
C)next case.
D)litigation.
96
As asserted in "Enemies, Not Defendants: Let the Law of War Meet the War on Terror," in a national-security case, the prosecution will not want to agree to any accommodations and should not agree to them.
A)True
B)False
97
The common denominator underlying the inability to provide a lasting peace once a violent conflict has been initially terminated, as explained in "The Shifting Face of Violence," has been
A)scarce resources.
B)the emergence of a new conflict close by.
C)the loss of the state monopoly of legitimate force.
D)an abandonment of those most affected by the violence.
98
The ultimate target group of Islamic fundamentalist groups such as al Qaeda, as maintained in "The Shifting Face of Violence," is
A)the United States.
B)Israel.
C)the United Nations.
D)average Muslim communities.
99
In recent years, as noted in "The Shifting Face of Violence," the number of conflicts between non-state groups has declined, as these organizations prefer to share their goals and resources against a larger enemy.
A)True
B)False
100
As claimed in "Al Qaeda at 20 Dead or Alive?", Osama bin Laden's primary goal is
A)control of Middle East oil.
B)the destruction of the United States.
C)regime change in the Middle East.
D)worldwide Muslim domination.
101
As defined in "Al Qaeda at 20 Dead or Alive?", al-Qaeda's "leaderless jihad" refers to
A)Muslim extremists who have rejected bin Laden's leadership.
B)homegrown radicals with no formal connection to bin Laden's group.
C)al-Qaeda members who will be on their own if bin Laden is captured or killed.
D)al-Qaeda Central.
102
As stated in "Al Qaeda at 20 Dead or Alive?", the United States has less to fear from al-Qaeda now than in 2001.
A)True
B)False
103
As reported in "The Future of Terrorism," a 2006 NIJ study showed that Arab-American communities responded most favorably to outreach efforts from
A)international groups.
B)the federal level.
C)state and local agencies.
D)radical elements within.
104
As cited in "The Future of Terrorism," Hoffman says the main threat from terrorism lies with the core of al-Qaeda, which he believes is gradually rebuilding itself in
A)Pakistan.
B)the United States.
C)Iraq.
D)Afghanistan.
105
As put forth in "The Future of Terrorism," if Sageman's theory is valid, then terror groups cannot form within local communities without the help of organized training programs.
A)True
B)False







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