Chemistry (Chang), 9th EditionTable of ContentsChapter One-The Study of Change
1.1 Chemistry: A Science for the Twenty-First Century
1.2 The Study of Chemistry
1.3 The Scientific Method
1.4 Classifications of Matter
1.5 The Three States of Matter
1.6 Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter
1.7 Measurement
1.8 Handling Numbers
1.9 Dimensional Analysis in Solving Problems Chapter Two-Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
2.1 The Atomic Theory
2.2 The Structure of the Atom
2.3 Atomic Number, Mass Number, and Isotopes
2.4 The Periodic Table
2.5 Molecules and Ions
2.6 Chemical Formulas
2.7 Naming Compounds
2.8 Introduction to Organic Compounds Chapter Three-Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
3.1 Atomic Mass
3.2 Avogadro's Number and the Molar Mass of an Element
3.3 Molecular Mass
3.4 The Mass Spectrometer
3.5 Percent Composition of Compounds
3.6 Experimental Determination of Empirical Formulas
3.7 Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations
3.8 Amounts of Reactants and Products
3.9 Limiting Reagent
3.10 Reaction Yield Chapter Four-Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
4.1 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions
4.2 Precipitation Reactions
4.3 Acid-Base Reactions
4.4 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
4.5 Concentration of Solutions
4.6 Gravimetric Analysis
4.7 Acid-Base Titrations
4.8 Redox Titrations Chapter Five-Gases
5.1 Substances That Exist as Gases
5.2 Pressure of a Gas
5.3 The Gas Laws
5.4 The Ideal Gas Equation
5.5 Gas Stoichiometry
5.6 Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
5.7 The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
5.8 Deviation from Ideal Behavior Chapter Six-Thermochemistry
6.1 The Nature of Energy and Types of Energy
6.2 Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
6.3 Introduction to Thermodynamics
6.4 Enthalpy of Chemical Reactions
6.5 Calorimetry
6.6 Standard Enthalpy of Formation and Reaction
6.7 Heat of Solution and Dilution Chapter Seven-Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms
7.1 From Classical Physics to Quantum Theory
7.2 The Photoelectric Effect
7.3 Bohr's Theory of the Hydrogen Atom
7.4 The Dual Nature of the Electron
7.5 Quantum Mechanics
7.6 Quantum Numbers
7.7 Atomic Orbitals
7.8 Electron Configurations
7.9 The Building-Up Principle Chapter Eight-Periodic Relationships Among the Elements
8.1 Development of the Periodic Table
8.2 Periodic Classification of the Elements
8.3 Periodic Variation in Physical Properties
8.4 Ionization Energy
8.5 Electron Affinity
8.6 Variation in Chemical Properties of the Representative Elements Chapter Nine-Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts
9.1 Lewis Dot Symbols
9.2 The Ionic Bond
9.3 Lattice Energy of Ionic Compounds
9.4 The Covalent Bond
9.5 Electronegativity
9.6 Writing Lewis Structures
9.7 Formal Charge and Lewis Structures
9.8 The Concept of Resonance
9.9 Exceptions to the Octet Rule
9.10 Bond Enthalpy Chapter Ten-Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Geometry and Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals
10.1 Molecular Geometry
10.2 Dipole Moments
10.3 Valence Bond Theory
10.4 Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals
10.5 Hybridization in Molecules Containing Double and Triple Bonds
10.6 Molecular Orbital Theory
10.7 Molecular Orbital Configurations
10.8 Delocalized Molecular Orbitals Chapter Eleven-Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
11.1 The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Liquids and Solids
11.2 Intermolecular Forces
11.3 Properties of Liquids
11.4 Crystal Structure
11.5 X-Ray Diffraction by Crystals
11.6 Types of Crystals
11.7 Amorphous Solids
11.8 Phase Changes
11.9 Phase Diagrams Chapter Twelve-Physical Properties of Solutions
12.1 Types of Solutions
12.2 A Molecular View of the Solution Process
12.3 Concentration Units
12.4 The Effect of Temperature on Solubility
12.5 The Effect of Pressure on the Solubility of Gases
12.6 Colligative Properties of Nonelectrolyte Solutions
12.7 Colligative Properties of Electrolyte Solutions
12.8 Colloids Chapter Thirteen-Chemical Kinetics
13.1 The Rate of a Reaction
13.2 The Rate Law
13.3 The Relation Between Reactant Concentration and Time
13.4 Activation Energy and Temperature Dependence of Rate Constants
13.5 Reaction Mechanisms
13.6 Catalysis Chapter Fourteen-Chemical Equilibrium
14.1 The Concept of Equilibrium and the Equilibrium Constant
14.2 Writing Equilibrium Constant Expressions
14.3 The Relationship Between Chemical Kinetics and Chemical Equilibrium
14.4 What Does the Equilibrium Constant Tell Us?
14.5 Factors That Affect Chemical Equilibrium Chapter Fifteen-Acids and Bases
15.1 Bronsted Acids and Bases
15.2 The Acid-Base Properties of Water
15.3 pH-A Measure of Acidity
15.4 Strength of Acids and Bases
15.5 Weak Acids and Acid Ionization Constants
15.6 Weak Bases and Base Ionization Constants
15.7 The Relationship Between the Ionization Constants of Acids and Their Conjugate Bases
15.8 Diprotic and Polyprotic Acids
15.9 Molecular Structure and the Strength of Acids
15.10 Acid-Base Properties of Salts
15.11 Acid-Base Properties of Oxides and Hydroxides
15.12 Lewis Acids and Bases
Chapter Sixteen-Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria
16.1 Homogeneous versus Heterogeneous Solution Equilibria
16.2 The Common Ion Effect
16.3 Buffer Solutions
16.4 Acid-Base Titrations
16.5 Acid-Base Indicators
16.6 Solubility Equilibria
16.7 Separation of Ions by Fractional Precipitation
16.8 The Common Ion Effect and Solubility
16.9 pH and Solubility
16.10 Complex Ion Equilibria and Solubility
16.11 Application of the Solubility Product Principle to Qualitative Analysis Chapter Seventeen-Chemistry in the Atmosphere
17.1 Earth's Atmosphere
17.2 Phenomena in the Outer Layers of the Atmosphere
17.3 Depletion of Ozone in the Stratosphere
17.4 Volcanoes
17.5 The Greenhouse Effect
17.6 Acid Rain
17.7 Photochemical Smog
17.8 Indoor Pollution Chapter Eighteen-Entropy, Free Energy, and Equilibrium
18.1 The Three Laws of Thermodynamics
18.2 Spontaneous Processes and Entropy
18.3 Entropy
18.4 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
18.5 Gibbs Free Energy
18.6 Free Energy and Chemical Equilibrium
18.7 Thermodynamics in Living Systems Chapter Nineteen-Electrochemistry
19.1 Redox Reactions
19.2 Galvanic Cells
19.3 Standard Reduction Potentials
19.4 Spontaneity of Redox Reactions
19.5 The Effect of Concentration on Emf
19.6 Batteries
19.7 Corrosion
19.8 Electrolysis Chapter Twenty-Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals
20.1 Occurrence of Metals
20.2 Metallurgical Processes
20.3 Band Theory in Conductivity
20.4 Periodic Trends in Metallic Properties
20.5 The Alkali Metals
20.6 The Alkaline Earth Metals
20.7 Aluminum Chapter Twenty-One-Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds
21.1 General Properties of Nonmetals
21.2 Hydrogen
21.3 Carbon
21.4 Nitrogen and Phosphorus
21.5 Oxygen and Sulfur
21.6 The Halogens Chapter Twenty-Two-Transition Metal Chemistry and Coordination Compounds
22.1 Properties of the Transition Metals
22.2 Chemistry of Iron and Copper
22.3 Coordination Compounds
22.4 Structure of Coordination Compounds
22.5 Bonding in Coordination Compounds: Crystal Field Theory
22.6 Reactions of Coordination Compounds
22.7 Applications of Coordination Compounds Chapter Twenty-Three-Nuclear Chemistry
23.1 The Nature of Nuclear Reactions
23.2 Nuclear Stability
23.3 Natural Radioactivity
23.4 Nuclear Transmutation
23.5 Nuclear Fission
23.6 Nuclear Fusion
23.7 Uses of Isotopes
23.8 Biological Effects of Radiation Chapter Twenty-Four-Organic Chemistry
24.1 Classes of Organic Compounds
24.2 Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
24.3 Aromatic Hydrocarbons
24.4 Chemistry of the Functional Groups Chapter Twenty-Five-Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymer
25.1 Properties of Polymers
25.2 Synthetic Organic Polymers
25.3 Proteins
25.4 Nucleic Acids
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