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Book cover image
Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology, 9/e
David Shier, Washtenaw Community College
Ricki Lewis, The University at Albany
Jackie Butler, Grayson County Community College

Respiratory System

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions



1

The utilization of oxygen by metabolic processes is correctly referred to as _____.
A)respiration
B)ventilation
C)external respiration
D)cell respiration
2

Which of the following is part of the upper respiratory tract?
A)lungs
B)trachea
C)bronchi
D)pharynx
3

The internal nares will open into the _____.
A)trachea
B)nasal pharynx
C)oral pharynx
D)nasal cavity
4

The olfactory nerves pass through openings in the _____.
A)vomer
B)cribriform plate
C)superior conchae
D)nasal septum
5

Most of the respiratory passage surface is lined with _____.
A)pseudostratified epithelium
B)simple columnar cells
C)stratified squamous cells
D)simple squamous epithelium
6

Which of the following is not a property of the mucous lining of the respiratory tract?
A)warms incoming air
B)contains microvilli
C)contains cilia
D)cleanses particles
7

Which of the following does not contain a sinus?
A)frontal bone
B)ethmoid
C)zygomatic bone
D)sphenoid bone
8

What is the anatomical term for the throat?
A)larynx
B)pharynx
C)trachea
D)esophagus
9

Where are the palatine tonsils located?
A)oral pharynx
B)nasal pharynx
C)laryngeal pharynx
D)nasal cavity proper
10

The epiglottis is part of the _____ and covers the glottis.
A)trachea
B)oral pharynx
C)larynx
D)laryngeal pharynx
11

The true vocal cords move because they are attached to the ______ cartilage.
A)thyroid
B)cricoid
C)corniculate
D)arytenoid
12

C-shaped pieces of cartilage are found within the _____.
A)trachea
B)bronchioles
C)larynx
D)pharynx
13

The carina separates the _____ from each other.
A)lungs
B)secondary bronchi
C)primary bronchi
D)trachea and bronchi
14

There are _____ secondary bronchi?
A)2
B)4
C)5
D)6
15

The bronchioles enter the _____ of the lungs.
A)carina
B)hilus
C)lobules
D)alveoli
16

The functional gas exchanging units are termed _____.
A)lobules
B)lobar areas
C)alveoli
D)bronchioles
17

The relative amount of smooth muscle is highest in the _____.
A)primary bronchi
B)bronchioles
C)trachea
D)secondary bronchi
18

The tissue lining the alveoli is _____ epithelium.
A)pseudostratified columnar
B)cuboidal
C)simple squamous
D)stratified squamous
19

How many alveoli are there in an average adult lung?
A)100,000
B)1 million
C)300,000,000
D)50,000
20

Gas is exchanged in the alveoli by a process of _____.
A)simple diffusion
B)active transport
C)facilitated diffusion
D)filtration
21

What is the entrance into the lungs called?
A)carina
B)apex
C)lobule
D)hilus
22

The pleural cavity is the space between the lung and _____.
A)visceral pleural
B)thoracic wall
C)parietal pleura
D)mediastinum
23

The main function of the pleural membranes is to _____.
A)maintain pressure
B)increase thoracic pressure
C)remove foreign particles
D)reduce friction
24

Atmospheric pressure is around _____ mmHg.
A)760
B)500
C)120
D)850
25

The movement of air within the respiratory system is correctly referred to as _____.
A)breathing
B)inhalation
C)exhalation
D)ventilation
26

What prevents the alveoli from collapsing during exhalation?
A)surface tension
B)cartilage
C)phospholipids
D)pressure
27

The main force causing the exhalation of air is the _____.
A)contraction of diaphragm
B)elastic recoil
C)diaphragm relaxation
D)intercostal muscles
28

During inspiration the intra-alveolar pressure reaches _____.
A)760 mmHg
B)758 mmHg
C)763 mmHg
D)730 mmHg
29

A pneumothorax occurs when the thoracic pleural pressure reaches around _____ mmHg.
A)780
B)760
C)755
D)0
30

The _____ muscle can cause a forced exhalation.
A)diaphragm
B)pectoralis major
C)internal intercostal
D)external intercostal
31

The amount of air that enters the lungs during normal, restful breathing is called the _____.
A)vital capacity
B)tidal air volume
C)total lung capacity
D)expiratory reserve volume
32

The amount of air that cannot be expelled is the _____.
A)total lung capacity
B)expiratory reserve volume
C)functional residual capacity
D)residual volume
33

Which of these is the sum of the other three?
A)tidal volume
B)expiratory reserve
C)vital capacity
D)inspiratory reserve
34

The total amount of air that cannot be exchanged either because of disease or because it cannot reach an exchange site is termed the _____.
A)anatomical dead space
B)physiologic dead space
C)residual volume
D)functional reserve capacity
35

The condition characterized by alveolar fibrosis with difficulty exhaling is _____.
A)bronchial asthma
B)bronchogenic carcinoma
C)emphysema
D)poliomyelitis
36

The condition characterized by difficulty breathing due to an allergic response is _____.
A)pulmonary cancer
B)bronchial asthma
C)tuberculosis
D)atelectasis
37

Non-respiratory movements are most easily triggered by stimuli in which of these areas?
A)larynx
B)alveoli
C)distal bronchioles
D)alveolar ducts
38

Which reflex involves a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm?
A)sneeze
B)hiccup
C)cough
D)yawn
39

Which reflex is caused by local alveolar decreases in oxygen content?
A)cough
B)laugh
C)hiccup
D)yawn
40

Breathing is mainly controlled by the _____.
A)local alveoli
B)medulla oblongata
C)pons
D)pneumotaxic center
41

Which area exerts its effect on the primary breathing control areas?
A)pneumotaxic area of pons
B)dorsal respiratory group
C)ventral respiratory group
D)brain stem rhythmicity centers
42

Which of the following factors favors an increase in breathing rate?
A)increased blood oxygen
B)increased blood carbon dioxide
C)increased pH
D)decreased acidity
43

Which of the following does not stimulate the medullary breathing center chemosensitive neurons?
A)low blood pH
B)low blood oxygen
C)high blood carbon dioxide
D)high spinal fluid acidity
44

Which of these is not a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
A)emphysema
B)asthma
C)lung cancer
D)bronchitis
45

Which mechanism prevents over-inflation of the lungs?
A)surfactant secretion
B)blood pH levels
C)the chemoreceptor reflexes
D)Hering-Breuer reflex
46

Which is the most common cause of hyperventilation?
A)low pH
B)high pH
C)anxiety
D)high carbon dioxide
47

Which is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
A)oxygen
B)carbon dioxide
C)argon
D)nitrogen
48

What is the partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen?
A)160 mm Hg
B)21%
C)760 mm Hg
D)0.3 mm Hg
49

What is the normal PCO2 of the capillary blood?
A)0.05 mm Hg
B)45 mm Hg
C)40 mm Hg
D)104 mmHg
50

What is the normal PO2 of the alveolar air?
A)40 mm Hg
B)45 mm Hg
C)104 mm Hg
D)50 mm Hg
51

Where is the highest amount of carbon dioxide found?
A)in the air
B)in the alveoli
C)the arteries entering the lung
D)the veins leaving the lung
52

Which condition is characterized by inflammation and infection involving the alveoli?
A)ARDS
B)tuberculosis
C)pneumonia
D)atelectasis
53

Most of the oxygen in the blood is found in the _____.
A)plasma
B)hemoglobin
C)iron
D)capillaries
54

At high PO2 levels, where is most oxygen located?
A)oxyhemoglobin
B)hemoglobin
C)plasma
D)free heme
55

Which of the following factors favors a release of oxygen from hemoglobin?
A)decreased CO2
B)decreased pH
C)lower blood temperature
D)increased pH
56

Which of these has the highest affinity for hemoglobin?
A)CO2
B)nitrogen
C)O2
D)CO
57

Where is most carbon dioxide transported?
A)in the plasma
B)as carbaminohemoglobin
C)as bicarbonate
D)on the heme
58

The most important factor that allows the blood to carry carbon dioxide in high amounts is _____.
A)pressure
B)tissue production
C)carbonic anhydrase
D)hemoglobin affinity