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Environmental Science: A Global Concern, 7/e

William P. Cunningham, University of Minnesota
Mary Ann Cunningham, Vassar College
Barbara Woodworth Saigo, St. Cloud State University

Water Use and Management

Practice Quizzing


1	The main events in the hydrologic cycle include
		A)	evaporation of water off the earth's surface driven by solar energy.
		B)	condensation of gaseous water into droplets, liquid or solid.
		C)	the gravitational pull of water or ice droplets to earth as rain or snow.
		D)	all of the above.


2	_____ represent(s) over 10 times as much water as any other form on the list.
		A)	The atmosphere
		B)	Lakes
		C)	Groundwater
		D)	Soil water


3	The temperature at which gaseous water condenses to form liquid water is called
		A)	the sublimation point.
		B)	the dew point.
		C)	the relative humidity point.
		D)	none of the above.


4	Mountains can result in
		A)	some areas having little precipitation.
		B)	warm, moist air rising.
		C)	condensation and precipitation.
		D)	all of the above.


5	Evaporation is greatest at
		A)	the equator.
		B)	mid-latitudes.
		C)	higher latitudes.
		D)	polar regions.


6	Almost 90 percent of earth's freshwater is in the form of
		A)	lakes and rivers.
		B)	groundwater.
		C)	ice and snow.
		D)	soil moisture.


7	_____ percent of earth's water is freshwater.
		A)	Two
		B)	Ten
		C)	Thirty
		D)	Fifty


8	Existence of an artesian well indicates the presence of
		A)	rocks or other geological material with fractures and spaces between the solid particles.
		B)	rock layers relatively impermeable to infiltration by water.
		C)	water under pressure.
		D)	all of the above.


9	Approximately ______ percent of all Americans depend on groundwater for their water.
		A)	5
		B)	25
		C)	50
		D)	75


10	The greatest use of water in U.S. households is for
		A)	toilet flushing.
		B)	laundry and dishes.
		C)	bathing and showering.
		D)	drinking and cooking.


11	The dip in the water table below wells is called the
		A)	recharge area.
		B)	discharge area.
		C)	cone of depression.
		D)	aquifer.


12	The type of water use called consumption would include
		A)	water lost through evaporation.
		B)	water that becomes polluted.
		C)	water that becomes unusable by any means.
		D)	all of the above.


13	Worldwide per capita use of water has
		A)	remained remarkably constant over the centuries.
		B)	increased slightly.
		C)	increased substantially.
		D)	actually dropped because of technological advances


14	The highest percent of water use is for ______ in poorer countries and for ______ in high income countries.
		A)	agriculture, agriculture
		B)	agriculture, industry
		C)	domestic uses, agriculture
		D)	agriculture, domestic uses


15	The largest single use of water for industrial purposes is for
		A)	canning and food processing.
		B)	cooling.
		C)	sanitation.
		D)	washing produce in food processing industries.


16	______ percent of the world's people do not have access to safe drinking water in the quantity needed.
		A)	Five
		B)	Ten
		C)	Twenty five
		D)	Fifty


17	Obtaining usable freshwater by processing seawater is
		A)	not cost-effective in most places.
		B)	not technically possible on a large scale.
		C)	widely expected to resolve the water crisis in most developing countries that front on oceans.
		D)	none of the above.


18	Drawbacks to use of reservoirs to increase water available for use in local areas include
		A)	loss of water through evaporation.
		B)	loss of water through seepage.
		C)	increased salinity of water.
		D)	all of the above.


19	A recent reassessment by the U.S. Forest Service has concluded that in economic terms the highest and best use of the nation's forests is for
		A)	logging.
		B)	mining.
		C)	watershed protection.


20	Installation of water-saving toilets and faucets
		A)	allows existing water supplies to be stretched further.
		B)	reduces the volumes of water needing treatment in sewage processing plants.
		C)	reduces household water bills.
		D)	accomplishes all of the above.


21	Sublimation is the process by which water moves directly from the solid state to the gaseous state without first becoming liquid.
		A)	True
		B)	False


22	Air at fifty degrees can contain more grams of water than air at forty degrees.
		A)	True
		B)	False


23	Aquifers are porous underground geological formations from which water can be extracted.
		A)	True
		B)	False


24	Water in aquifers is replenished by water infiltrating through surface areas called recharge zones.
		A)	True
		B)	False


25	Groundwater recharge in most areas of the U.S. is just barely keeping up with the rate of water withdrawal.
		A)	True
		B)	False


26	Excessive removal of groundwater can cause subsidence of the land surface as well as infiltration of saline water into the groundwater.
		A)	True
		B)	False


27	The land area drained by a particular stream is called a watershed.
		A)	True
		B)	False


28	Per capita water consumption rates in the U.S. have actually dropped in recent decades.
		A)	True
		B)	False

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