| Braille | System of writing in which letters or characters are represented by patterns of tangible dots.
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| diffuse fibers | In touch system, first-order afferent neurons having large receptive fields with poorly defined borders.
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| diplesthesia | In touch, the illusory experience of two objects when only one is actually present.
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| free nerve endings | Nerve cells in the olfactory epithelium that mediate the common chemical sense.
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| haptics | Sensory information that depends upon both touch and kinesthesis.
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| kinesthesis | Information about the movement and position of a limb that derives from receptors that are in the muscles, tendons, and joints of that limb.
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| localization ability | An observer's capacity to identify the position of some stimulus.
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| mechanoreceptors | Receptors that respond to deformation of the skin.
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| Meissner corpuscles | An encapsulated touch receptor located in the skin's upper layer.
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| Merkel disk | An unencapsulated touch receptor located at an intermediate depth within the skin.
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| Pacinian corpuscle | An encapsulated touch receptor located in the skin's lower layer.
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| phantom limb | The illusory experience, often painful, that an amputated limb is still attached to the body.
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| proprioception | The sense that enables one to feel where one's limbs are.
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| punctate fibers | In touch system, first-order afferent neurons have small receptive fields with sharply defined borders.
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| rapidly adapting (RA) fibers | First-order afferent neurons that respond in a relatively transient manner to sustained deformation of the skin.
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| Ruffini endings | An unencapsulated touch receptor located at an intermediate depth within the skin.
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| slowly adapting (SA) fibers | First-order afferent neurons that respond in a relatively sustained manner to sustained deformation of the skin.
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| touch acuity | Ability to distinguish a small separation between two closely adjacent stimuli applied to the skin.
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| unilateral neglect | Neurological disorder in which a patient ignores events on one side of the body.
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education