E. Mavis Hetherington,
University of Virginia
Ross D. Parke,
University of California
Mark Schmuckler,
University of Toronto at Scarborough
Below are this chapter's featured key terms. The textbook's full glossary is also available for online searching.
| aggressive rejected children | Rejected children who are characterized by high levels of aggressive behaviour, have low self-control, and exhibit behaviour problems.
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| average children | Children who have some friends but are not as well liked as popular children.
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| clique | A voluntary group formed on the basis of friendship.
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| controversial children | Children who are liked by many peers but also disliked by many.
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| crowd | A collection of people whose shared attitudes or activities have been designated by a stereotypical term, such as populars or nerds.
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| dominance hierarchy | An ordering of individuals in a group from most to least dominant; a "pecking order."
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| friendship | A reciprocal commitment between two people who see themselves as relative equals.
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| negative gossip | Sharing with a peer some negative information about another child.
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| neglected children | Children who tend to be socially isolated and, though they have few friends, are not necessarily disliked by others.
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| nonaggressive rejected children | Rejected children who tend to be withdrawn, anxious, and socially unskilled.
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| play | Activity that is intrinsically motivated, concerned more often with means than with ends, free from external rules, nonserious, and highly engaging.
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| popular children | Children who are liked by many peers and disliked by very few.
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| pretend play | A form of play, usually social, in which children often use symbolic meanings to act out their fantasies and by so doing learn social roles and how to interact with others. Also called imaginative and fantasy play.
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| rejected children | Children who are disliked by many peers and liked by very few.
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| relationship | A succession of interactions between two people who know each other that are altered by their shared, past interactions and that also affect their future interactions.
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| restrictive or self-disclosure | The honest sharing of information of a very personal nature, often with a focus on problem solving; a central means by which adolescents develop friendships.
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| self-disclosure | The honest sharing of information of a very personal nature, often with a focus on problem solving; a central means by which adolescents develop friendships.
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| social comparison | The process of evaluating one's characteristics, abilities, values, and other qualities by comparing oneself with others, usually one's peers.
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| sociometric technique | A procedure for determining children's status within their peer group in which children nominate others whom they like best or least or rate each child in the group for his likeability or desirability as a companion.
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education