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Child Psychology 1/c/e
Child Psychology: A Contemporary Viewpoint, First Canadian Edition
E. Mavis Hetherington, University of Virginia
Ross D. Parke, University of California
Mark Schmuckler, University of Toronto at Scarborough
Gender Roles and Gender Differences

Below are this chapter's featured key terms. The textbook's full glossary is also available for online searching.
 


androgynous  Possessing both feminine and masculine psychological characteristics.
cognitive developmental theory of gender typing  Kohlberg's theory that children use physical and behavioural clues to differentiate gender roles and to gender-type themselves very early in life.
expressive characteristics  Presumably typical of females, these characteristics include nurturance and concern with feelings.
gender constancy  The awareness that superficial alterations in appearance or activity do not alter gender.
gender identity  The perception of oneself as either masculine or feminine.
gender roles  Composites of the behaviours actually exhibited by a typical male or female in a given culture; the reflection of a gender stereotype in everyday life.
gender stability  The notion that gender does not change; males remain male and females remain female.
gender stereotypes  Beliefs that members of a culture hold about how females and males ought to behave, that is, what behaviours are acceptable and appropriate for each.
gender typing  The process by which children acquire the values, motives, and behaviours considered appropriate for their gender in their particular culture.
gender-based beliefs  Ideas and expectations about what is appropriate behaviour for males and females.
gender-role preferences  Desires to possess certain gender-typical characteristics.
gender-schema theory  The notion that children develop schemas, or naive theories, that help them organize and structure their experience related to gender differences and gender roles.
identification  The Freudian notion that children acquire gender identity by identifying with and imitating their same-sex parents.
instrumental characteristics  Presumably typical of males, these characteristics include task and occupation orientation.
self-socialization  The child's spontaneous adoption of gender-appropriate behaviour.




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