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1 | |
Gender-role standards have been shown to shape behaviour differences in boys and girls beginning with |
| | A) | infancy. |
| | B) | elementary school. |
| | C) | preschool. |
| | D) | middle school. |
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2 | |
George and Georgiana have a very equal marriage. They share household responsibilities and they have equal incomes. Soon they will be having their first child. What will likely happen when the child arrives? |
| | A) | They will strive to model flexible sex-role standards for their child. |
| | B) | Their marital roles will remain unchanged. |
| | C) | Their marital roles will shift toward even greater equality. |
| | D) | Their marital roles will become more traditional. |
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3 | |
Pat is a female child who was mistakenly raised as a boy due to prenatal hormonal anomalies. According to John Money, Pat will likely experience gender-role difficulties unless gender reassignment occurs |
| | A) | between the ages of birth and 3 years. |
| | B) | between the ages of 3 to 5 years. |
| | C) | anytime before puberty. |
| | D) | at birth. |
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4 | |
Which of the following is a gender-schematic child most likely to distort during recall? |
| | A) | a picture of a boy playing with a doll |
| | B) | a picture of a boy playing with a toy train |
| | C) | a picture of a girl playing with a tea set |
| | D) | a picture of a girl playing with a sewing machine |
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5 | |
Permanent father absence has the most severe effects on sons during which period? |
| | A) | Late adolescence |
| | B) | Early adolescence |
| | C) | Between 5 and 10 years old |
| | D) | Before the age of 5 |
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6 | |
The expression of warmth and suppression of overt aggression and sexuality are regarded as more appropriate for __________ than __________. |
| | A) | men; women |
| | B) | women; men |
| | C) | children; adolescents |
| | D) | teachers; pupils |
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7 | |
Perhaps the best way to view gender typing is as |
| | A) | an ongoing and changing process throughout development. |
| | B) | an activity of childhood, once established, always the same. |
| | C) | an activity of adolescence and early adulthood. |
| | D) | an insignificant event that has little relevance to most individuals. |
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8 | |
According to Kohlberg's cognitive theory of the development of gender typing, children's differentiation of gender roles occurs before |
| | A) | stereotyping. |
| | B) | gender identification. |
| | C) | a gender schema develops |
| | D) | completion of the Oedipus complex |
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9 | |
Which of the following sex differences has been observed in the way parents treat their children? |
| | A) | Girls are encouraged equally as boys to be independent and achieve. |
| | B) | Girls are allowed to run errands and engage in venturesome activities at the same time as boys. |
| | C) | Parents tend to be more apprehensive about their sons as opposed to daughters. |
| | D) | Boys are more likely to be left unsupervised after school in comparison to girls. |
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10 | |
Possessing both masculine and feminine characteristics with respect to psychology and/or appearance is referred to as |
| | A) | androgyny |
| | B) | hermaphroditism |
| | C) | transvestite |
| | D) | morphogeny |
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11 | |
__________ refers to a set of expectations about sex-appropriate behaviour. |
| | A) | Stereotype |
| | B) | Gender role |
| | C) | Gender intensification |
| | D) | Sexism |
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12 | |
In some ways, the culture defines the stereotypes. For example, university-educated women tend to see the role of females as |
| | A) | similar to males. |
| | B) | having greater independence and achievement striving. |
| | C) | less emotional. |
| | D) | more competent. |
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13 | |
A relatively clear gender difference has been found in the areas of |
| | A) | atypical development. |
| | B) | susceptibility to mental disorder. |
| | C) | verbal aggressiveness. |
| | D) | self esteem. |
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14 | |
Pat feels embarrassed when making a mistake in public and has experienced episodes of jealousy and love. What gender is Pat likely to be? |
| | A) | male |
| | B) | female |
| | C) | equally likely to be male or female |
| | D) | There is no research on which to base an answer. |
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15 | |
An adolescent is androgynous if she scores |
| | A) | high on masculinity and high on femininity. |
| | B) | high on masculinity and low on femininity. |
| | C) | low on femininity and low on masculinity. |
| | D) | halfway between masculinity and femininity. |
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16 | |
With age, women become ______ and men _______. |
| | A) | more feminine; more androgynous. |
| | B) | less feminine; more feminine. |
| | C) | more feminine; more masculine. |
| | D) | less feminine; less masculine. |
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17 | |
Children who are ____ make ____choices of play and activities. |
| | A) | androgynous; less stereotypical |
| | B) | feminine; less stereotypical |
| | C) | masculine; more stereotypical |
| | D) | expressive; more stereotypical |
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18 | |
Teachers interrupt ____ more frequently during conversations and pay more attention to ____ pushing and shoving. |
| | A) | boys; girls |
| | B) | girls; boys |
| | C) | boys; boys |
| | D) | girls; girls |
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19 | |
____teachers have more nontraditional gender beliefs and preferences and ____ teachers have more nontraditional views of the teacher's role. |
| | A) | Males; male |
| | B) | Female; female |
| | C) | Male; female |
| | D) | Female; male |
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20 | |
_____ do better in English and ____ in mathematics. |
| | A) | Girls; boys |
| | B) | Boys; girls |
| | C) | Girls; girls |
| | D) | Boys; boys |
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21 | |
____ do better at computational skills and ___ at geometry. |
| | A) | Girls; boys |
| | B) | Girls; girls |
| | C) | Boys; boys |
| | D) | Boys; girls |
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22 | |
At 3 years of age, ____ are more likely to congregate in same gender groups; at 6 years of age, ____ are more likely to congregate in same gender groups. |
| | A) | Boys; boys |
| | B) | Boys; girls |
| | C) | Girls; boys |
| | D) | Girls; girls |
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23 | |
In the early grades, ____outperform the opposite sex while _____ perceive school as a gender-inappropriate institution. |
| | A) | Boys; boys |
| | B) | Boys; girls |
| | C) | Girls; boys |
| | D) | Girls; girls |
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24 | |
Boys raised by gay fathers are _____ in their sexual orientation and this effect _____ dependent on how long the sons lived with their fathers. |
| | A) | largely homosexual; is |
| | B) | largely heterosexual; is not |
| | C) | ambivalent; is |
| | D) | largely heterosexual; is |
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25 | |
Fathers who model ______ behaviours had children with _____ knowledge of gender distinctions. |
| | A) | nontraditional; less advanced |
| | B) | nontraditional; more advanced |
| | C) | masculine; less advanced |
| | D) | feminine; more advanced |
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26 | |
____ are more likely to gender-type toys and purchase such toys for ______. |
| | A) | Men; boys |
| | B) | Men; girls |
| | C) | Women; boys |
| | D) | Women; girls |
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27 | |
Differential treatment of boys and girls is particularly marked in the area of _____ achievement. |
| | A) | handwriting |
| | B) | social studies |
| | C) | mathematical |
| | D) | reading |
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28 | |
According to Kohlberg, ____ is achieved between the ages of _____ years. |
| | A) | gender identity; 4 -5 |
| | B) | gender constancy; 4 - 5 |
| | C) | gender constancy; 2 - 3 |
| | D) | gender identity; 2 -3 |
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29 | |
In which area are parents unlikely to treat their sons and daughters differently? |
| | A) | the types of toys they are encouraged to play with |
| | B) | the emotional traits that are rewarded and punished |
| | C) | the extent of freedom from supervision |
| | D) | the need to conform to cultural norms |
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30 | |
Children of high status are likely to be |
| | A) | sympathetic to others. |
| | B) | domineering in play. |
| | C) | the better-looking children. |
| | D) | of a higher socioeconomic status. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education