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Child Psychology: A Contemporary Viewpoint, First Canadian Edition

E. Mavis Hetherington, University of Virginia
Ross D. Parke, University of California
Mark Schmuckler, University of Toronto at Scarborough

Gender Roles and Gender Differences

True/False Quiz


1	Gender role is the sense of being male or female, which most children acquire by the time they are three years old.
		A)	True
		B)	False


2	Sex hormones may contribute to some cognitive abilities.
		A)	True
		B)	False


3	Sex hormones may contribute to some social behaviours.
		A)	True
		B)	False


4	Lawrence Kohlberg promotes the idea that anatomy is destiny.
		A)	True
		B)	False


5	Children's gender orientation is due to the interaction of biological and environmental factors.
		A)	True
		B)	False


6	In Western culture, women and men have equal power and status due to gender hierarchy and sexual division of labour.
		A)	True
		B)	False


7	Gender-schema theory argues that sexual attraction to parents is involved in gender development.
		A)	True
		B)	False


8	Girls are encouraged to be more nurturing and emotional than boys, and fathers are more likely to engage in aggressive play with sons than daughters.
		A)	True
		B)	False


9	Peers reinforce gender-appropriate behaviour.
		A)	True
		B)	False


10	Elementary children show a clear preference for being with and liking same-sex peers.
		A)	True
		B)	False


11	Pressure to achieve in school is more likely put on girls than boys.
		A)	True
		B)	False


12	In the early school years, girls are more likely than boys to view school as consistent with their gender-role identity.
		A)	True
		B)	False


13	Gender schema theory suggests that children develop schemas, or naive theories, that help them to organize and structure experience related to gender differences and gender roles.
		A)	True
		B)	False


14	Gender stereotypes are widespread around the world; in North America, stereotypes especially emphasize male's aggression and female's nurturance.
		A)	True
		B)	False


15	Physical and biological differences between males and females are substantial.
		A)	True
		B)	False


16	At birth, girls are physically and neurologically more advanced.
		A)	True
		B)	False


17	In traditional gender roles, a well-adjusted male exhibits instrumental traits while the well-adjusted female exhibits expressive traits.
		A)	True
		B)	False


18	Androgynous children are less likely to make stereotypical choices of play and activities.
		A)	True
		B)	False


19	Girls receive gender socialization earlier and more intensely than boys do.
		A)	True
		B)	False


20	Mothers more than fathers are the principal agents of gender-role socialization.
		A)	True
		B)	False

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