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1 | |
During which period of prenatal development does the fertilized ovum travel down the fallopian tube and become implanted in the uterus wall? |
| | A) | the period of the fetus |
| | B) | the period of the embryo |
| | C) | the period of the egg |
| | D) | the period of the zygote |
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2 | |
Which of the following protects the developing fetus from physical shocks and temperature changes? |
| | A) | placenta |
| | B) | endoderm |
| | C) | amniotic fluid |
| | D) | umbilical cord |
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3 | |
What is meant by the "age of viability?" |
| | A) | The age at which it is safe to get pregnant. |
| | B) | The age after which an animal could survive without a parent. |
| | C) | The age after which a prematurely born child is likely to survive. |
| | D) | The time when the embryo is no longer likely to be spontaneously aborted. |
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4 | |
Over the past decade there has been an increase in the number of children diagnosed with AIDS. How do most children with AIDS contract the disease? |
| | A) | through infection by their mothers prenatally, during birth, or through their mother's milk |
| | B) | through vaccinations in destitute areas where one needle is frequently used for multiple patients |
| | C) | through increasing IV drug use among today's children |
| | D) | through blood transfusions |
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5 | |
Which of the following is likely to be found in children with fetal alcohol syndrome? |
| | A) | deafness |
| | B) | facial, heart, and limb defects |
| | C) | slow movements |
| | D) | normal intelligence |
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6 | |
In the period of the embryo, the inner mass of the zygote differentiates into three layers known as the |
| | A) | ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. |
| | B) | placenta, amnion and chorion. |
| | C) | blastocyst, trophoblast and zygote. |
| | D) | skin, muscle and bone. |
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7 | |
Which of the following principles does not accurately describe the effects of teratogens on prenatal development? |
| | A) | Individual teratogens influence specific developmental processes. |
| | B) | Maternal genotype can affect the developing organism's response to teratogens. |
| | C) | Physiological status of the mother will influence the action of a teratogen. |
| | D) | Teratogenic agents will produce a detrimental effect on the mother. |
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8 | |
As part of your medical internship, you are responsible for educating pregnant women with AIDS. You tell them that they can reduce the risk of transmission to their unborn child by |
| | A) | continuing with their prescription drug therapy. |
| | B) | discontinuing their intravenous drug use. |
| | C) | obtaining a complete blood transfusion. |
| | D) | remaining in the hospital during their pregnancy. |
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9 | |
Which function is not assessed by the Apgar? |
| | A) | Respiratory effort |
| | B) | Body colour of the infant |
| | C) | Vision |
| | D) | Heart rate |
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10 | |
The most consistent long-term effects of stress associated with raising a premature baby have been found |
| | A) | between parents. |
| | B) | between mother and child. |
| | C) | between father and child. |
| | D) | among siblings. |
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11 | |
The fetal period is best described as a time when |
| | A) | major organ systems emerge from the less differentiated endoderm and mesoderm. |
| | B) | support systems that sustain the fetus become fully formed and functioning. |
| | C) | fine details are added to systems that emerged during the embryonic period. |
| | D) | teratogens are most likely to impair development. |
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12 | |
Which of the following phrases defines a teratogen? |
| | A) | a life support system that protects the fetus |
| | B) | an agent that stimulates the formation of organs |
| | C) | an abnormality in infants of alcoholics mothers |
| | D) | an environmental factor that produces birth defects |
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13 | |
Which of the following statements about the relationship between age and pregnancy outcomes is most accurate? |
| | A) | Adolescent mothers are most likely to have mentally retarded children. |
| | B) | More women become pregnant through artificial insemination in their thirties and their forties than do women in their twenties. |
| | C) | Mothers over age 35 are most likely to have babies with Down syndrome. |
| | D) | Adolescent mothers suffer the lowest infant mortality rates of any age group. |
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14 | |
Which of the following statements about a mother's emotional state and prenatal development is most accurate? |
| | A) | The emotional state of a mother influences prenatal development and birth. |
| | B) | The emotional state of a mother influences birth but not prenatal development. |
| | C) | The emotional state of a mother influences prenatal development but not birth. |
| | D) | The emotional state of a mother has no influence on either prenatal development or birth. |
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15 | |
Which of the following statements about fetal alcohol syndrome is most accurate? |
| | A) | The infant is often physically deformed and below average in intelligence. |
| | B) | It commonly results in miscarriages. |
| | C) | It causes ectopic pregnancies |
| | D) | Babies suffering from this syndrome are often born before term and with low birth weights. |
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16 | |
Mrs. Peters is bearing down hard with each contraction. She is in the __________ stage of labour. |
| | A) | first |
| | B) | second |
| | C) | third |
| | D) | final |
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17 | |
What is the reason for administering analgesics to a woman during u? |
| | A) | to minimize the risk of cesarean sections |
| | B) | to speed delivery |
| | C) | to facilitate natural childbirth |
| | D) | to lessen the pain for the mother |
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18 | |
In contrast to the Brazelton scale, the Apgar Scale primarily assesses a newborn's |
| | A) | psychological status. |
| | B) | reflexes. |
| | C) | physiological health. |
| | D) | responsivity to people. |
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19 | |
Which of the following countries has the lowest child mortality rate? |
| | A) | United States |
| | B) | Sweden |
| | C) | Canada |
| | D) | Japan |
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20 | |
Infants born to adolescent mothers are more likely to have |
| | A) | neurological problems. |
| | B) | low birthweight. |
| | C) | childhood illness. |
| | D) | All of the above are correct. |
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21 | |
Without ________, infants may develop________. |
| | A) | acetylcholine; anoxia |
| | B) | surfactant; respiratory distress syndrome |
| | C) | acetylcholine; respiratory distress syndrome |
| | D) | surfactant; anoxia |
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22 | |
Women more likely to experience problems during pregnancy and delivery are those under ____ or over ______ years. |
| | A) | 15; 35 |
| | B) | 20; 35 |
| | C) | 15; 30 |
| | D) | 20; 30 |
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23 | |
_________, the most widespread bacterial sexually transmitted disease, can cause _______ in the baby. |
| | A) | chlamydia; pneumonia |
| | B) | chlamydia; blindness |
| | C) | genital herpes; blindness |
| | D) | genital herpes; pneumonia |
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24 | |
Once diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, children survive an average of _______; three-quarters die within _________. |
| | A) | 10 years; 2 years |
| | B) | 5 years; 6 months |
| | C) | 9 months; 2 years |
| | D) | 2 years; 1 year. |
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25 | |
An infant who contacted rubella (German measles) while in utero may exhibit |
| | A) | deafness. |
| | B) | mental retardation. |
| | C) | cardiac disorder. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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26 | |
The age of viability is |
| | A) | 6 weeks. |
| | B) | 25 weeks. |
| | C) | 28 weeks. |
| | D) | 38 weeks. |
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27 | |
It is from the ________ that hair, nails, and parts of the teeth develop. |
| | A) | endoderm |
| | B) | mesoderm |
| | C) | ectoderm |
| | D) | neural folds |
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28 | |
If the neural folds do not close during the ____ week of gestation, then the child will have _________. |
| | A) | 4th to 5th; cerebral palsy. |
| | B) | 7th to 8th; spina bifida. |
| | C) | 7th to 8th; cerebral palsy. |
| | D) | 4th to 5th; spina bifida. |
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29 | |
During the first trimester, the |
| | A) | taste receptors become functional. |
| | B) | testes descend. |
| | C) | immune system becomes operative. |
| | D) | nervous system begins to form. |
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30 | |
During the second trimester, the |
| | A) | fetus sucks, swallows, and hiccoughs |
| | B) | nails and hair forms |
| | C) | fetus responds to stimulation |
| | D) | neural tube forms |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education