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1 | |
_______ refers to the rules that govern how words are combined into sentences. |
| | A) | Syntax |
| | B) | Pragmatics |
| | C) | Semantics |
| | D) | Morphology |
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2 | |
When immigrants speaking various languages need to communicate, they form a pidgin language containing characteristics of each original language. When children are raised in an environment where pidgin language is spoken, what language will the children speak? |
| | A) | creole language |
| | B) | pidgin language |
| | C) | their parents' language |
| | D) | Cajun language |
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3 | |
Currently, most psycholinguists |
| | A) | believe that speaking to infants using simplified speech is crucial to language development. |
| | B) | emphasize the genetic components of language development. |
| | C) | believe that playing nonverbal games with prelinguistic infants is crucial to language development. |
| | D) | acknowledge that both environmental and genetic factors influence language development. |
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4 | |
A family is driving through the country to visit some relatives. Little Tyler sees a cow grazing in a field and exclaims "Doggie!". What kind of mistake is Tyler making? |
| | A) | generalization |
| | B) | underextension |
| | C) | overregularization |
| | D) | overextension |
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5 | |
By what age can children adjust their communications to fit the situation and the age and status of his/her listener? |
| | A) | early junior high school age |
| | B) | late elementary school age |
| | C) | early elementary school age |
| | D) | preschool age |
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6 | |
The study of the meaning of words and of sentences is known as |
| | A) | grammar. |
| | B) | phonology. |
| | C) | morphology. |
| | D) | semantics. |
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7 | |
Eileen loves her new baby very much and talks to him throughout the day saying things like "Drink your baba." and "Get your banky for night night.". This form of communication using simplified speech with a baby is a part of a language |
| | A) | encoding decoy. |
| | B) | work minuet. |
| | C) | environmental reward. |
| | D) | support system. |
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8 | |
Children's first words typically represent |
| | A) | actions. |
| | B) | objects that are just "there". |
| | C) | relationships. |
| | D) | objects that can be acted upon. |
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9 | |
The appropriate use of language for accomplishing various ends in differing social situations is |
| | A) | syntax |
| | B) | pragmatics |
| | C) | manipulation |
| | D) | double speak |
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10 | |
In order of development, which would appear last? The ability to |
| | A) | produce language |
| | B) | understand language |
| | C) | know about language |
| | D) | speak language |
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11 | |
Phonology is the study of |
| | A) | use of language. |
| | B) | order of the words of a language. |
| | C) | associations of the words of a language. |
| | D) | sounds of a language. |
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12 | |
How many morphemes does the word "worker" have? |
| | A) | one |
| | B) | two |
| | C) | three |
| | D) | four |
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13 | |
The statement "My car was hit by a speeding lamp post.". |
| | A) | is grammatically incorrect. |
| | B) | demonstrates improper pragmatics. |
| | C) | has too many phonemes. |
| | D) | violates syntactical restrictions. |
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14 | |
Japanese children must learn to say thank you with "arigato" in formal settings, with "domo" to a social inferior, and with "arigato gazaimasu" to a social superior. These variations reflect a _____________ aspect of language. |
| | A) | pragmatic |
| | B) | phonetic |
| | C) | syntactical |
| | D) | grammatical |
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15 | |
The most important factor distinguishing the speech of two-year-old Patty from that of six-year-old Fred is |
| | A) | semantics. |
| | B) | pragmatics |
| | C) | overgeneralizations. |
| | D) | syntax. |
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16 | |
Language is made up of basic sounds called |
| | A) | vowels. |
| | B) | syllables. |
| | C) | phonemes. |
| | D) | morphemes. |
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17 | |
Chomsky's view of language argues that |
| | A) | language is innate. |
| | B) | language is acquired through reinforcement. |
| | C) | language results from sensorimotor knowledge. |
| | D) | language acquisition relies both on built-in structures and on principles of learning and cognition. |
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18 | |
Timmy says to his father "More milk, Daddy.". The father then says to his child "Shall I get you some more milk?". This is an example of |
| | A) | prompting. |
| | B) | echoing. |
| | C) | expanding. |
| | D) | recasting. |
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19 | |
Of the following list, a child's first word is likely to be |
| | A) | shoes. |
| | B) | table. |
| | C) | stove. |
| | D) | tree. |
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20 | |
Joey refers to both his shoes and his socks as "shoe". He is displaying |
| | A) | generalization. |
| | B) | overregulation. |
| | C) | underextension. |
| | D) | overextension. |
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21 | |
Susan uses the word "car" to refer only to the family car but not to other automobiles. She is displaying |
| | A) | generalization. |
| | B) | overregularization. |
| | C) | underextension. |
| | D) | overextension. |
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22 | |
Shannon said "Kitty eat.". Her mother promptly said "What is the Kitty eating?". This is an example of |
| | A) | prompting. |
| | B) | echoing. |
| | C) | expanding. |
| | D) | recasting. |
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23 | |
Little Andy points to his favourite teddy placed out of his reach on a high shelf. His mother quickly hands it to him. This is an example of a(n) |
| | A) | proto-declarative. |
| | B) | proto-imperative. |
| | C) | recast. |
| | D) | expansion. |
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24 | |
In an effort to get her mother's attention, little Jennifer holds up her dolly for her mother's inspection. This is an example of a(n) |
| | A) | proto-declarative. |
| | B) | proto-imperative. |
| | C) | recast. |
| | D) | expansion. |
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25 | |
A group of young infants hear one range of acoustic signals as /p/ and a different range of signals as /b/ but no signal is perceived as something in between the /p/ and /b/. This is evidence of |
| | A) | noncategorical speech perception. |
| | B) | linguistic attention. |
| | C) | boundary shadowing. |
| | D) | categorical speech perception. |
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26 | |
What is the correct order of stages of sound production? |
| | A) | cooing, babbling, patterned speech |
| | B) | babbling, patterned speech, cooing. |
| | C) | babbling, cooing, patterned speech. |
| | D) | patterned speech, cooing, babbling. |
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27 | |
The naming explosion occurs at _____ months. |
| | A) | 18 |
| | B) | 20 |
| | C) | 22 |
| | D) | 24 |
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28 | |
In _________, a child learns to link a new word with a concept she/he already understands. |
| | A) | the mutual exclusivity principle |
| | B) | the naming explosion |
| | C) | fast mapping |
| | D) | patterned speech |
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29 | |
Which of the following does not belong? |
| | A) | Bruner |
| | B) | Lenneberg |
| | C) | Chomsky |
| | D) | Ainsworth |
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30 | |
Which of the following does not belong? |
| | A) | Bandura |
| | B) | imitation |
| | C) | generalization |
| | D) | LAD |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education