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1 | |
Complex modern technology makes some furnaces over 95% efficient. What is the most likely reason many homeowners are reluctant to install such ultrahigh efficiency devices? |
| | A) | high purchase cost |
| | B) | high cost of fuel (natural gas) to operate the furnace |
| | C) | increased pollution from the furnace |
| | D) | limited supplies of natural gas fuel |
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2 | |
Almost all of the electrical energy produced in Alberta comes from generating stations fuelled by coal or natural gas. How does this method of generating electricity compare to hydro-electric power stations? |
| | A) | higher efficiency, lower pollution |
| | B) | higher efficiency, higher pollution |
| | C) | lower efficiency, higher pollution |
| | D) | lower efficiency, lower pollution |
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3 | |
What is the main reason that improving the efficiency of car engines can reduce environmental damage? |
| | A) | Less fuel is burned, so fewer harmful exhaust gases are produced. |
| | B) | Less heat is released in exhaust gases, so global warming is reduced. |
| | C) | Engines last longer, so fewer cars break down and need to be scrapped each year. |
| | D) | Efficient engines are quieter, so noise pollution is reduced. |
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4 | |
The diagram shows what happens to the output energy of a typical car engine. What is the most reasonable conclusion based on this evidence?
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| | A) | Car engines are already so efficient that there is very little room for further improvement. |
| | B) | Reducing friction offers the greatest opportunity to make use of energy that is now wasted. |
| | C) | Making use of energy that is now wasted by the engine cooling system offers the greatest opportunity to improve efficiency. |
| | D) | Reducing the amount of thermal energy in hot exhaust gases offers the greatest opportunity to improve efficiency. |
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5 | |
In most car heaters, hot engine coolant runs through a heat exchanger. Waste thermal energy from the coolant warms air inside the car. What other energy conversion process is most similar to this arrangement? |
| | A) | photosynthesis |
| | B) | cogeneration |
| | C) | hydro-electric generating stations |
| | D) | geothermal cooling systems |
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6 | |
The diagram shows the main parts of a thermoelectric generating plant. What energy conversion takes place in the steam turbine?
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| | A) | chemical potential energy into thermal energy |
| | B) | thermal energy into kinetic energy |
| | C) | kinetic energy into electrical potential energy |
| | D) | chemical potential energy into electrical potential energy |
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7 | |
Here is a list of some of the processes taking place in a thermoelectric power generating plant.
- fuel provides chemical energy input
- fuel burns
1. steam expands
2. water is heated
3. generator turns
4. turbine spins
- electrical energy output
What is the correct order of the numbered processes? |
| | A) | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| | B) | 1, 3, 4, 2 |
| | C) | 2, 1, 3, 4 |
| | D) | 2, 1, 4, 3 |
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8 | |
The list gives the efficiency of several energy technologies. Which technology wastes the least fraction of its input energy?
solar cells: 10%
thermoelectric stations: 30%
wind turbines: 35%
hydroelectric stations: 90% |
| | A) | solar cells |
| | B) | thermoelectric stations |
| | C) | wind turbines |
| | D) | hydroelectric stations |
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9 | |
By converting light into usable chemical energy, photosynthesis powers all life on earth. How efficient is this natural energy conversion process, compared to human technologies for producing electrical energy? |
| | A) | much less efficient than human technologies |
| | B) | a little less efficient than the best human technologies |
| | C) | a little more efficient than the best human technologies |
| | D) | much more efficient than any human technologies |
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10 | |
One common type of cogeneration facility uses waste energy from an electrical generating station to heat a nearby building. How does this reduce energy use? |
| | A) | Input energy to the generating station is reduced. |
| | B) | Efficiency of the generating station is increased. |
| | C) | Fuel use by the building heating system is reduced. |
| | D) | Input energy for the building heating system is reduced. |
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11 | |
Most wind-powered electrical generators are no more efficient than coal or gas-fuelled power stations. What advantage do wind generators have over thermoelectric power stations? |
| | A) | greater reliability |
| | B) | able to be located almost anywhere |
| | C) | more suitable for powering cogeneration facilities |
| | D) | lower operating costs |
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12 | |
If the diagram showed a cogeneration facility, what two points would be linked?
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| | A) | 3 and 4 |
| | B) | 2 and 4 |
| | C) | 5 and 1 |
| | D) | 6 and 3 |
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