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1 | |
Managers make decisions when they are involved in which managerial function? |
| | A) | Planning |
| | B) | Controlling |
| | C) | Leading |
| | D) | Organizing |
| | E) | All of the above |
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2 | |
When an organization's finance department decides to go to a bank and take out a loan because its revenues for the month are projected to be less than its expenses, what type of decision does this represent? |
| | A) | Intuition |
| | B) | Groupthink |
| | C) | Programmed |
| | D) | Nonprogrammed |
| | E) | Satisficing |
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3 | |
The ability to make sound decisions based on past experiences about the information available is called: |
| | A) | judgment. |
| | B) | heuristics. |
| | C) | intuition. |
| | D) | ethics. |
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4 | |
A principal that requests a new teacher be hired for every increase in enrollment of 40 students is using what type of decision making? |
| | A) | Programmed |
| | B) | Operational |
| | C) | Systematic |
| | D) | Non-programmed |
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5 | |
The administrative model of decision making points out that one limitation on decision making is that the number of alternatives a manager must identify is so great that it's difficult to evaluate it all before making a decision. This limitation is known as _________________. |
| | A) | Incomplete information |
| | B) | Bounded rationality |
| | C) | Satisficing |
| | D) | Ambiguous information |
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6 | |
Dale, a manager, is assessing possible alternatives for the solution of a problem. As Dale does so, he attempts to determine if a possible alternative will violate any domestic laws. On which criterion for decision-making is Dale focusing? |
| | A) | Economic feasibility |
| | B) | Practicality |
| | C) | Legality |
| | D) | Ethicalness |
| | E) | None of the above |
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7 | |
A marketing manager wants to budget the advertising for a new product launch. She is trying to determine the amount of money that her company can afford to spend on advertising this new product. One which criterion of decision-making is this marketing manager focusing? |
| | A) | Legality |
| | B) | Ethicalness |
| | C) | Economic feasibility |
| | D) | Practicality |
| | E) | None of the above |
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8 | |
Which of these is a step in the decision making process:
I. Assessing alternatives
II. Learning from feedback
III. Implementing an alternative |
| | A) | I, II, III |
| | B) | I and III |
| | C) | II and III |
| | D) | I and II |
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9 | |
The six-step decision making model begins with which step? |
| | A) | Developing alternative solutions to a problem |
| | B) | Evaluating alternative solutions |
| | C) | Ranking alternatives |
| | D) | Recognizing the need for a decision |
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10 | |
When a manager persists in a belief even when this manager is given information which indicates that this belief is incorrect, this is called: |
| | A) | devil's advocacy. |
| | B) | groupthink. |
| | C) | prior hypothesis bias. |
| | D) | dialectical inquiry. |
| | E) | a satisficing decision. |
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11 | |
Errors that people make over and over that result in poor decision making are: |
| | A) | systematic errors. |
| | B) | prior hypothesis bias. |
| | C) | representative bias. |
| | D) | heuristic errors. |
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12 | |
A ________ bias is a cognitive bias resulting from the tendency to generalize inappropriately from a small sample. |
| | A) | prior hypothesis |
| | B) | representative |
| | C) | sampled |
| | D) | generalization |
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13 | |
A member of a group challenges the decision toward which the group is leaning so that the group considers carefully all of the unacceptable possible outcomes of that possible decision. This is known as: |
| | A) | dialectical inquiry. |
| | B) | devil's advocacy. |
| | C) | groupthink. |
| | D) | programmed decision-making. |
| | E) | a satisficing decision. |
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14 | |
After hearing one member describe a problem to be addressed, all members of a group first write down ideas and solutions. After this, everyone shares those suggestions without criticism. The group, one by one, clarifies, critiques, and then discusses the alternatives. Finally, each member ranks all the alternatives, and the highest-ranking alternative is chosen. This process is called: |
| | A) | Delphi technique |
| | B) | dialectical inquiry |
| | C) | brainstorming |
| | D) | nominal group technique |
| | E) | programmed decision making |
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15 | |
The process through which managers attempt to improve the ability of subordinates to understand and to manage the organization is known as: |
| | A) | dialectical inquiry. |
| | B) | devil's advocacy. |
| | C) | groupthink. |
| | D) | organizational learning. |
| | E) | intuition. |
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16 | |
Managers must take steps to promote organizational learning and creativity at the ________ level(s) to improve the quality of decision making. |
| | A) | individual and group |
| | B) | individual |
| | C) | group |
| | D) | organizational and societal |
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17 | |
This is an organization in which managers try to maximize the ability of individuals and groups to think creatively: |
| | A) | learned organization. |
| | B) | learning organization |
| | C) | organizational learning institution. |
| | D) | institutionalized learning. |
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18 | |
The technique in which group members respond in writing to questions posed by the group leader is known as the _____ technique. |
| | A) | Delta |
| | B) | Beta |
| | C) | Delphi |
| | D) | Alpha |
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19 | |
Data organized in a meaningful way are known as: |
| | A) | networks. |
| | B) | applications software. |
| | C) | artificial intelligence. |
| | D) | information. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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20 | |
When an organizational structure is "flattened," there is a move toward ________ __________ and __________ __________ information flows within the organization. |
| | A) | greater decentralization; greater horizontal |
| | B) | greater centralization; greater horizontal |
| | C) | greater decentralization; greater vertical |
| | D) | greater centralization; fewer horizontal |
| | E) | all of the above |
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21 | |
For information to be useful to a manager, it must have four attributes. Which of the following is not among these four? |
| | A) | Timeliness |
| | B) | Completeness |
| | C) | Validity |
| | D) | Quality |
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