(See related pages)
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| Affiliate program | Arrangements made between e-commerce sites that direct users from one site to other and by which, if a sale is made as a result, the originating site receives a commission. (See page(s) 335) |
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| Business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce | When a business sells products and services to customers who are primarily other businesses. (See page(s) 322) |
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| Business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce | When a business sells products and services to customers who are primarily individuals. (See page(s) 322) |
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| Buyer power | In the Five Forces Model it is high when buyers have many choices from whom to buy, and low when their choices are few. (See page(s) 324) |
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| Click-through | Count of the number of people who visit one site and click on a banner ad, and are taken to the site of the advertiser. (See page(s) 335) |
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| Conversion rate | The percentage of customers who visit a site who actually buy something. (See page(s) 335) |
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| Demand aggregation | Combines purchase requests from multiple buyers into a single large order which justifies a discount from the business. (See page(s) 331) |
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| Digital wallet | Both software and information – the software provides security for the transaction and the information includes payment information (for example, the credit card number and expiration date) and delivery information. (See page(s) 339) |
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| Direct material | A material that is used in production in a manufacturing company or is placed on the shelf for sale in a retail environment. (See page(s) 331) |
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| Electronic bill presentment and payment (EBPP) | Systems sending our bills over the Internet and give us an easy way to pay them if the amount looks correct. (See page(s) 338) |
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| Electronic cheque | A mechanism for sending money from your checking or savings account to another person or organization. (See page(s) 338) |
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| Electronic commerce (e-commerce) | Commerce accelerated and enhanced by information technology, in particular the Internet. (See page(s) 320) |
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| Electronic data interchange (EDI) | The direct computer-to-computer transfer of transaction information contained in standard business documents, such as invoices and purchases, in a standard format. (See page(s) 340) |
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| Electronic marketplace (e-marketplace) | An interactive business providing a central space where multiple buyers and sellers can engage in e-commerce and/or other e-commerce business activities. (See page(s) 332) |
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| Encryption | Scrambles the contents of a file so that you can’t read it without having the right decryption key. (See page(s) 342) |
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| Entry barrier | A product or service feature that customers have come to expect from organizations in a particular industry and that must be offered by an entering organization to compete and survive. (See page(s) 326) |
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| Financial cybermediary | Internet-based companies that make it easy for one person to pay another person over the Internet. (See page(s) 338) |
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| Financial EDI (financial electronic data interchange (FEDI) | The use of EDI for payments. (See page(s) 341) |
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| Five Forces Model | Helps business people understand the relative attractiveness of an industry. (See page(s) 324) |
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| Horizontal e-marketplace | An electronic marketplace that connects buyers and sellers across many industries, primarily for MRO materials commerce. (See page(s) 333) |
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| Loyalty program | Rewards customers based on the amount of business they do with a particular organization. (See page(s) 325) |
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| Maintenance, repair, and operations (MRO) materials (indirect materials) | Materials that are necessary for running a modern corporation, but do not relate to the company’s primary business activities. (See page(s) 331) |
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| Marketing mix | The set of marketing tools that a firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the target market. (See page(s) 334) |
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| Mass customization | The ability of an organization to give its customers the opportunity to tailor its product or service to the customer’s specifications. (See page(s) 331) |
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| Online ad (banner ad) | Small advertisement that appears on other sites. (See page(s) 334) |
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| Pop-under ad | A form of a pop-up ad that you do not see until you close your current browser window. (See page(s) 334) |
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| Pop-up ad | A small Web page containing an advertisement that appears on your screen outside the current Web site loaded into your browser. (See page(s) 334) |
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| Public key encryption (PKE) | An encryption system that uses two keys: a public key that everyone can have and a private key for only the recipient. (See page(s) 342) |
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| Reverse auction | The process in which a buyer posts its interest in buying a certain quantity of items, and sellers compete for the business by submitting successively lower bids until there is only one seller left. (See page(s) 331) |
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| Rivalry among existing competitors | In the Five Forces Model is high when competition is fierce in a market, and low when competition is more complacent. (See page(s) 326) |
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| Secure electronic transaction (SET) | A transmission security method that ensures transactions are legitimate as well as secure. (See page(s) 343) |
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| Secure sockets layer (SSL) | A transmission security method that ensures transactions are legitimate as well as secure. (See page(s) 342) |
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| Smart card | Plastic cards the size of a credit card that contains an embedded chip on which digital information can be stored. (See page(s) 338) |
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| Spoofing | The forging of the return address on an e-mail so that the e-mail message appears to come from someone other than the actual sender. (See page(s) 348) |
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| Supplier power | In the Five Forces Model is high when buyers have few choices from whom to buy, and low when their choices are many. (See page(s) 325) |
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| Switching costs | A cost that makes customers reluctant to switch to another product or service supplier. (See page(s) 325) |
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| Threat of new entrants | In the Five Forces Model is high when it is easy for new competitors to enter a market, and low when there are significant entry barriers to entering a market. (See page(s) 326) |
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| Threat of substitute products or services | In the Five Forces Model is high when there are many alternatives to a product or service, and low when there are few alternatives from which to choose. (See page(s) 325) |
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| Vertical e-marketplace | An electronic marketplace that connects buyers and sellers in a given industry (e.g., oil and gas, textiles, and retail). (See page(s) 333) |
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| Viral marketing | Encourages users of a product or service supplied by a B2C e-commerce business to encourage friends to join in as well. (See page(s) 335) |