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| 1 | |
The biosphere includes |
| | A) | the Sun as the source of energy for life on Earth. |
| | B) | only the geosphere and atmosphere. |
| | C) | the geosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. |
| | D) | all the populations that make up a community. |
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| 2 | |
In an open system |
| | A) | energy, but not matter, is able to cross the boundary between the system and its surroundings. |
| | B) | only matter is able to cross the boundary between the system and its surroundings. |
| | C) | neither energy nor matter is able to cross the boundary between the system and its surroundings. |
| | D) | both matter and energy are able to cross the boundary between the system and its surroundings. |
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| 3 | |
The following list shows examples of abiotic components of an ecosystem: |
| | A) | sunlight, water, rocks, trees. |
| | B) | birds, insects, mammals, amphibians. |
| | C) | sunlight, water, rocks, air. |
| | D) | air, water, fire, bacteria. |
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| 4 | |
What is the final outcome of energy from the Sun that enters the biosphere? |
| | A) | It is radiated back into space as heat. |
| | B) | It is absorbed by Earth's liquid and solid surfaces. |
| | C) | It is reflected back into space by Earth's atmosphere. |
| | D) | It is absorbed by the atmosphere. |
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| 5 | |
Which of these statements best describes a food chain? |
| | A) | A food chain is a model that shows how numerous producers, consumers, and decomposers are related in an ecosystem. |
| | B) | A food chain is a model that shows the linear pathways through which food energy is transferred from producers to consumers in an ecosystem. |
| | C) | A food chain is a theory of energy transfer in the biosphere. |
| | D) | A food chain is a model that shows what animals eat other animals in an ecosystem. |
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| 6 | |
What is ecology? |
| | A) | Ecology is the field of inquiry done by ecologists. |
| | B) | Ecology is the study of the interactions between Earth and its systems. |
| | C) | Ecology is the study of how plants and animals interact. |
| | D) | Ecology is the study of the interactions of plants, animals, and other organisms with one another and with their environment. |
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| 7 | |
Which of these statements best describes the hydrological (water) cycle? |
| | A) | Water is a universal solvent. |
| | B) | The hydrological cycle describes the ways that water and the substances it carries are circulated throughout the biosphere. |
| | C) | Water commonly occurs as a solid, a liquid, and a gas on Earth. |
| | D) | The hydrological cycle transports water through the environment. |
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| 8 | |
Organisms on Earth may be found |
| | A) | only in the atmosphere. |
| | B) | only in the geosphere and the hydrosphere. |
| | C) | only in the geosphere and the atmosphere. |
| | D) | in the geosphere, the atmosphere, and the hydrosphere. |
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| 9 | |
A water molecule is polar because |
| | A) | it is found at both the north and the south polar regions on Earth. |
| | B) | there is a slightly positive charge at the hydrogen end of the molecule and a slightly negative charge at the oxygen end. |
| | C) | it engages in hydrogen bonding. |
| | D) | there is a slightly positive charge at the oxygen end of the molecule and a slightly negative charge at the hydrogen end. |
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| 10 | |
The sequence that shows the correct transfer of energy is |
| | A) | sun → plants → animals. |
| | B) | sun → animals → plants. |
| | C) | plants → animals → rocks. |
| | D) | rocks → atmosphere → animals. |
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