This text based web site follows the scientists and the politics involved in the race for DNA. (
http://osulibrary.oregonstate.edu/specialcollections/coll/pauling/dna/narrative/page1.html
)
Throughout history, people have speculated on the substance that carries the instructions to make life. What carries hereditary
information from one generation to the next? How does it all work? In Code, find out how these questions were answered. Follow the scientists who made the
discoveries and the mistakes as they unravelled the mystery of the DNA code. (
http://www.dnai.org/a/index.html
)
This is a collection of animations that may help you out with lectures or presentations on DNA, mitosis, PCR, biology: just a wide range
of fun biological animations. (
http://www.chromosome.com/animations.html
)
This animation provides the essential features of nucleotide excision repair. (
http://www.nature.com/nrc/journal/v1/n1/animation/nrc1001-022a_swf_MEDIA1.html
)
The activity in this section places you within the cell, involving you with the processes of DNA replication and protein
synthesis. (
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/index.html
)
This interactive web site provides students with an opportunity to explore DNA and protein synthesis. It includes animations, galleries,
audio-visuals, problems, and links. (
http://www.dnaftb.org/dnaftb/15/concept/
)
This interactive web site provides students with an opportunity to explore such as "jumping genes" to the human genome. It includes
animations, galleries, audio-visuals, problems, and links. (
http://www.dnaftb.org/dnaftb/29/concept/
)
This quick and easy activity uses common household materials to extract DNA from a variety of sources. Explanations and reasons for each
step, as well as frequently asked questions and ideas for extensions are included. It includes a Power Point Presentation and student
handouts. (
http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/teachers/tindex/overview.cfm?id=86
)
Alan Alda introduces a number of scientists working in the area of genetics. This web site provides links to topics including Hope for
Gene Therapy, Why the Y, and Falling in Love with DNA. (
http://www.pbs.org/saf/1202/resources/resources-1.htm
)
Click on the animation to study the basics of DNA chip technology and one of its most important applications. (
http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/anisamples/majorsbiology/dnachips.html
)
Click on the animation to study the basics of gel electrophoresis and a method called blotting. (
http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/anisamples/majorsbiology/gelelectrophoresis.html
)
This text based web site provides students with basic information on recombinant DNA technology. (
http://www.rpi.edu/dept/chem-eng/Biotech-Environ/Projects00/rdna/rdna.html
)
This interactive web site provides students with an opportunity to explore DNA Microarrays. (
http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/units/biotech/microarray/
)
A text based web site that provides information on the Human Genome Project including the ethical implications of genetic
engineering. (
http://www.actionbioscience.org/genomic/carroll_ciaffa.html
)
Topics include: Creation of a Transgenic Animal, Microarray Experiment, and Recombinant DNA. (
http://www.learner.org/channel/courses/biology/archive/animations.html
)
This pdf file outlines the first genetically engineered organism. (
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/raven6b/graphics/raven06b/howscientiststhink/20-lab.pdf
)
This text based web site provides students with information on the issue of patenting genetic information. (
http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/patents.shtml
)
This text based web site provides a comprehensive look at biotechnology in Canada. (
http://cbac-cccb.ca/epic/internet/incbac-cccb.nsf/en/ah00217e.html
)
The program investigates the brave new world of assisted reproduction. Advances in reproductive technology have enabled doctors and
prospective parents to explore many new methods of conception. NOVA examines infertility treatments that push the limits of biology. (
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/baby/divide.html
)
Exclusion mapping is a technique used to map the location of a gene by successively eliminating regions of the chromosome that cannot
contain the gene. This animation illustrates the chromosomes of two half sisters who have each inherited Rett syndrome. (
http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/animations/exclusion/exclusion_frames.htm
)
Animation of the Cohen and Boyer genetic engineering experiment. They showed that the gene for frog rRNA could be transferred and
expressed in bacterial cells. (
http://www.maxanim.com/genetics/Genetic%20Engineering/Genetic%20Engineering.htm
)
Interactive animation of how gel electrophoresis works. (
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/biotech/gel/
)
Page 630 Scientific exploration is not free from social and political values and biases. For example, Rosalind Franklin’s role in the study of DNA was largely ignored during her lifetime, partly because of sexist attitudes toward women in science in the 1950s and because of an ongoing “feud” with Maurice Wilkins. Linus Pauling, who also was hot on the trail of the structure of DNA, missed a key scientific conference in London because the U.S. State Department refused to grant him a VISA due to his antiwar views. What part did personalities and politics play in the race to unlock the DNA code?
Does the story of DNA have the makings of a spy thriller? Investigate how history has treated Rosalind Franklin. (
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/photo51/
)
Consult this informative web page to consider another view of Rosalind Franklin's role in the discovery of DNA. (
http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/ht/36.1/rapoport.html#FOOT45
)
Read the paper that revolutionized the study of genetics. Watson and Crick's brief publication, reprinted from the April 1953 issue of
Nature, is presented here with helpful annotations. (
http://www.exploratorium.edu/origins/coldspring/ideas/index.html
)
This special collection of personal and professional papers, photos, and audio and video clips from Oregon State University documents the
race to discover DNA's structure from the perspective of one of the losers. (
http://osulibrary.orst.edu/specialcollections/coll/pauling/dna/index.html
)
Page 631 The semi-conservative model for DNA replication was one of three models proposed. The other two models are the conservative model and the dispersive model. How are these models different from the semi-conservative model? What experiments demonstrated that the semi-conservative model, not the conservative model or dispersive model, correctly illustrates how DNA replicates?
Set up as problems to solve, this web-based, interactive tutorial set lets you solve puzzles related to the structure of DNA and the
processes involved in replicating, reading, and controlling it. Click on the "Copying the Code" selection to investigate the three models for DNA
replication. (You might, however, like to remain afterwards to explore the other tutorials.) (
http://www.dnai.org/a/index.html
)
This web page is intended for college students, but the topic of DNA replication, which starts the page, is readily
accessible. (
http://web.mit.edu/esgbio/www/dogma/repl.htm
)
The Replication of DNA in Escherichia Coli by Matthew Read about the classic experiment that established the semi-conservative model of
DNA replicationin the words of its designers. (
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/44/7/671?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltex
)
Page 654 Different countries have developed different laws related to patenting genetic information. How do the laws in Canada compare with the laws in the United States, Europe, or Japan? Which country’s laws do you think are more effective?
This article, from the Canadian Biotechnology Advisory Committee, is best skim-read for sense first, so that pertinent portions of the
article may be selected for closer examination. (
http://www.cbac-cccb.ca/epic/internet/incbac-cccb.nsf/en/ah00399e.html
)
Some health agencies have chosen to ignore a US firm's genetic patent, while others are abiding by the US patent law. Some question the
legitimacy of the patent stating that it shouldn't have been granted in the first place. (
http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/166/4/494
)
Patent laws specific to the United States. (
http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/patents.shtml
)
Page 655 Golden rice has wide-ranging humanitarian benefits, but it is not without controversy, both scientific and social. What concerns have been raised about this genetically modified food? How have those concerns been responded to, and what questions still remain?
This web site covers the history, science, and field trials of golden rice from the perspective of its inventors, Ingo Potrykus and Peter
Beyer. (
http://www.goldenrice.org/
)
GMWatch.org, an organization representing a cautious, skeptical view toward genetically modified foods and organisms, offers an
alternative perspective to consider. (
http://www.gmwatch.org/profile1.asp?PrId=105&page=P
)
This web site collects numerous web-based articles related to golden rice and the controversy that began to grow around
it. (
http://www.biotech-info.net/golden.html
)
A new version of the ricedoes it address the concerns raised about the first "crop"? (
http://www.newscientist.com/channel/opinion/gm-food/dn7196--new-golden-rice-carries-far-m
)
Carry out your own debate and reach your own conclusions with this activity developed at Iowa State University. (
http://www.biotech.iastate.edu/publications/case_studies/golden_rice/default.html
)
Page 667 Go Further… 1. Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that code for proteins that stimulate cell division. Mutated proto-oncogenes can become oncogenes. List and describe three types of mutations that could convert a proto-oncogene into an oncogene.
3. Certain viruses can cause proto-oncogenes to become oncogenes. Hypothesize how this might occur. Research this topic to confirm your hypothesis.