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Thought Lab 4.5: Leopard Frogs: One Species or Seven?
Listen to the calls and view photographs of the northern leopard frog and the southern leopard frog at the three web sites listed. Note: Some of the calls require QuickTime, which you may need to download (free). Other sites provide sound files that you can download and play using any sound/video player.


Frogwatch Canada

( http://www.naturewatch.ca )
Herps of Texas
Herps of Texas
( http://www.zo.utexas.edu/research/txherps/frogs/calls.html )
Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
( http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/narcam/idguide/index2.htm )
All About Frogs
This web page would not be suitable for students, but teachers can download two sound files from it.
( http://allaboutfrogs.org/weird/general/songs.html )
Habitat Project
This web page has sound files for northern frog and plains frog.
( http://www.habitatproject.org/default.asp?cid=20 )
Mid-West Frogs
This web page is highly recommended; it has two video files for northern and southern frogs.
( http://www.midwestfrogs.com/ )
U.S. Geological Survey site
This is the U.S. Geological Survey site and has excellent resources as well as images showing dorsa-lateral patterns of various frogs.
( http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/narcam/idguide/dlridge.htm )
Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency
For more information on EIA's in Canada
( http://www.ceaa-acee.gc.ca/010/basics_e.htm )
Invasive Species in BC
Further background information on other invasive species in BC.
( http://www.cpawsbc.org/pdfs/invasive_species.pdf )
The Global Invasive Species Initiative from the Nature Conservancy
Includes information on white pine blister rust, Dutch elm disease, etc.
( http://tncweeds.ucdavis.edu/products/gallery/crori1.html )
Alberta's Endangered Species Conservation Committee
For more reading on endangered species.
( http://www.srd.gov.ab.ca/fw/escc/aaisar.html )
Species at Risk Act Public Registry
For information on the Species at Risk Act.
( http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/the_act/HTML/Guide_e.cfm#listed )
Antibiotic Resistant Germs – Health Canada
Visit this site for a good description of the problem of antibiotic resistant germs.
( http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/iyh-vsv/med/antibio_e.html )
Attack of the Superbugs – Antibiotic Resistance
Read about how the overuse of antibiotics has led to antibiotic resistance and find out what solutions might help with the problem.
( http://www.bioteach.ubc.ca/Biodiversity/AttackOfTheSuperbugs/ )
Canadian Committee on Antibiotic Resistance
Visit this site designed to provide information for health care workers, patients, and others who can help prevent antibiotic resistance.
( http://www.ccar-ccra.com/ )
Antibiotic Resistance – U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Visit this site to learn more about antibiotic resistance, and read articles related to the issue.
( http://www.fda.gov/oc/opacom/hottopics/anti_resist.html )
Page 128
The Burgess Shale in British Columbia, the rich fossil beds near Drumheller, Alberta, and the Joggins Fossil Cliffs in Nova Scotia are just a few of many Canadian sites with a rich store of fossils. What have Canadian fossils contributed to our understanding of evolution?


Fossils of Nova Scotia
A Nova Scotia museum site
( http://museum.gov.ns.ca/fossils/ )
The Burgess Shale Geoscience Foundation
The world's most significant fossil discovery was in the Canadian Rocky Mountains.
( http://www.burgess-shale.bc.ca/ )
Venomous Mammal Find a First
Alberta paleontologist Venomous Mammal Find a First
( http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2005/06/22/venom-mammal050622.html )
Page 130
The theory of plate tectonics, developed by geologists and paleontologists, explains how the locations of continents have changed over Earth’s history. What pivotal role did Canadian geologist John Tuzo Wilson play in formulating this theory? How does this theory support the theory of evolution by natural selection?


The Vetlesen Prize
Biography of John Tuzo Wilson
( http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/vetlesen/recipients/1978/wilson_bio.html )
Tuzo Wilson Proves that the Earth Moves
In 1965, Nature published a paper written by Canadian scientist John Tuzo Wilson. The article revolutionized our understanding of Earth. Wilson's explanation of plate tectonics has been called "one of the century's five major advances in science."
( http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/PrinterFriendly.cfm?Params=A1ARTFET_E62 )
science.ca
More information about John Tuzo Wilson from a Canadian science perspective.
( http://www.science.ca/scientists/scientistprofile.php?pID=232 )
Page 138
Scientists at the University of British Columbia have been tracking the speciation of greenish warblers (Phylloscopus trochiloides) in various habitats in Asia. The songs of different populations of this bird differ slightly in each habitat throughout their range. What other differences have resulted from the birds’ isolation?


Heredity by Nature.com
About evolutionary genetics of greenish warblers.
( http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v95/n2/full/6800679a.html )
actionbioscience.org
Unusual Demonstrations of Speciation
( http://www.actionbioscience.org/evolution/irwin.html )
UBC Zoology
The greenish warbler ring species
( http://www.zoology.ubc.ca/~irwin/GreenishWarblers.html )
Page 147 Go Further…
1. List and research three methods, other than studying dinosaur eggs, that paleontologists could use to study the evolutionary relationships between dinosaurs and birds.


Berkeley University of California
Frequently asked questions about paleontology.
( http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/FAQ/faq.html )
science.ca
Biography about paleontologist Robert L. Carroll. Includes information about being a professional paleontologist.
( http://www.science.ca/scientists/scientistprofile.php?pID=335 )
Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto
Macroevolution
( http://bioinfo.med.utoronto.ca/Evolution_by_Accident/Macroevolution.html )







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