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| 1 |  |  In the case with Turkey, like most IMF programs, the focus was: |
|  | A) | to bring down the inflation rate. |
|  | B) | to stabilize the currency. |
|  | C) | to restructure the economy. |
|  | D) | to reduce government debt. |
|  | E) | all of these answers are correct |
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| 2 |  |  A(n) _______ is a system under which the exchange rate for converting one currency into another is continuously adjusted depending on the laws of supply and demand. |
|  | A) | pegged exchange rate |
|  | B) | dirty-float system |
|  | C) | international monetary system |
|  | D) | fixed exchange rate |
|  | E) | floating exchange rate |
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| 3 |  |  Under _______, the value of most currencies in terms of U.S. dollar was fixed for long periods. |
|  | A) | floating rate system |
|  | B) | managed exchange rate system |
|  | C) | fixed exchange rate system |
|  | D) | dirty float system |
|  | E) | constant rate system |
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| 4 |  |  Some countries may try to hold the value of their currency within some range against an important reference currency |
|  | A) | floating rate system. |
|  | B) | managed exchange rate system. |
|  | C) | fixed exchange rate system. |
|  | D) | dirty float system |
|  | E) | constant rate system. |
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| 5 |  |  Pegging currencies to gold and guaranteeing convertibility is known as the: |
|  | A) | Convertibility standard of currency |
|  | B) | Convertibility standard of precious metals |
|  | C) | Gold standard |
|  | D) | Gold convertibility |
|  | E) | None of these answers is correct |
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| 6 |  |  The ______ and the ______ are the two major international institutions created by the Bretton Woods conference. |
|  | A) | WTO, GATT |
|  | B) | IMF, World Bank |
|  | C) | WTO, IMF |
|  | D) | World Bank, WTO |
|  | E) | GATT, IMF |
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| 7 |  |  The purpose of the IMF is to stand ready to lend foreign currencies to members to |
|  | A) | To keep tight control on developing nations. |
|  | B) | To create hyperinflation to boost world economy. |
|  | C) | Building Europe's economy by providing low-interest loans. |
|  | D) | Tide them over during short periods of balance-of-payments deficits |
|  | E) | To promote development. |
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| 8 |  |  Which of these represented the primary task of the World Bank? |
|  | A) | Promote reconstruction and development. |
|  | B) | Maintaining order in the international monetary system. |
|  | C) | Monitor the gold standard. |
|  | D) | Serve as intermediary between developing nations on the issue of convertibility. |
|  | E) | Monetary discipline. |
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| 9 |  |  The previous system of fixed exchange rates worked well until it collapsed in 1973, since then we have |
|  | A) | A managed-float system or dirty-float system |
|  | B) | Convertibility standard of precious metals |
|  | C) | Gold standard |
|  | D) | Monetary discipline. |
|  | E) | Dollar/euro based system |
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| 10 |  |  Speculation |
|  | A) | Has no effect on currency movements |
|  | B) | Effects only fixed rates |
|  | C) | adds to the uncertainty surrounding future currency movements |
|  | D) | Effects only floating rates in 3rd world countries |
|  | E) | Helps stabilize currencies |
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| 11 |  |  Under a pegged exchange rate regime, a country will peg the value of its currency to |
|  | A) | A managed-float system |
|  | B) | A major currency such as the U.S. dollar |
|  | C) | Monetary discipline |
|  | D) | IMF, World Bank |
|  | E) | Convertibility standard of currency |
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| 12 |  |  A body holding foreign currency reserves equal to the amount of domestic currency issued at a fixed exchange rate is called a(n): |
|  | A) | Currency board. |
|  | B) | IAD. |
|  | C) | internal audit agency. |
|  | D) | Group of five (G5). |
|  | E) | None of these answers is correct. |
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| 13 |  |  Since 1973, exchange rates have become: |
|  | A) | Less volatile and more predictable. |
|  | B) | More volatile and less predictable. |
|  | C) | Stabile in most countries. |
|  | D) | Unstable in the OECD. |
|  | E) | None of these answers is correct |
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| 14 |  |  In recent years the IMF's activities have |
|  | A) | Lessened due to fewer economies in trouble |
|  | B) | Lessened due to globalization |
|  | C) | Declined in general |
|  | D) | Expanded because periodic financial crises have continues to hit |
|  | E) | Expanded because taxes are high |
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| 15 |  |  The _______ has repeatedly lent money to nations experiencing financial crises, requesting that recipients enact certain policies. |
|  | A) | WTO |
|  | B) | UN |
|  | C) | IMF |
|  | D) | EU |
|  | E) | NAFTA |
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| 16 |  |  Which of the following crises occurs when a speculative attack on the exchange value of a currency results in a sharp depreciation in the value of the currency? |
|  | A) | Market-based economy crisis |
|  | B) | Currency crisis |
|  | C) | Banking crisis |
|  | D) | Foreign debt crisis |
|  | E) | IMF crisis |
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| 17 |  |  The Third World Debt crisis has its roots in the |
|  | A) | Market-based economy crisis |
|  | B) | OPEC oil price hikes in 1973 and 1979 |
|  | C) | Banking crisis |
|  | D) | Foreign debt crisis |
|  | E) | IMF crisis |
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| 18 |  |  A continued strong Canadian dollar, threatened interventions from the governor of California and a weak US dollar have negatively effected |
|  | A) | The Canadian grain industry |
|  | B) | The Canadian tourism |
|  | C) | The Canadian banking sector |
|  | D) | The Canadian film industry |
|  | E) | The Canadian auto industry |
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| 19 |  |  Giant diversified conglomerates from _______ refers to chaebol. |
|  | A) | Philippines |
|  | B) | Thailand |
|  | C) | South Korea |
|  | D) | Malaysia |
|  | E) | Indonesia |
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| 20 |  |  A criticism of IMF is its: |
|  | A) | one-size-fits all approach. |
|  | B) | relaxed monetary discipline. |
|  | C) | lack of control over government. |
|  | D) | funds spread over too many countries. |
|  | E) | lack of focus on promoting development. |
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| 21 |  |  "Moral hazard" arises when people behave recklessly and is a term associated with the circumstances of: |
|  | A) | IMF involvement in a country's economic planning. |
|  | B) | World Bank involvement in a country's economic planning. |
|  | C) | the 1995 Mexican currency crisis. |
|  | D) | the third world debt crisis of the 1980s. |
|  | E) | NAFTA regulations. |
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| 22 |  |  When people behave recklessly because they know they will be saved if things go wrong, _______ arises. |
|  | A) | ethical problems |
|  | B) | need for retraining |
|  | C) | lack of accountability |
|  | D) | moral hazard |
|  | E) | need for employee evaluations |
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