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| flexible machine cell | Flexible manufacturing technology in which a grouping of various machine types, a common materials handler, and a centralized cell controller produce a family of products. (See page(s) 490) |
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| flexible manufacturing technology | Manufacturing technologies designed to improve job scheduling, reduce setup time, and improve quality control. (See page(s) 490) |
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| ISO 9000 | Certification process that requires certain quality standards that must be met. (See page(s) 487) |
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| logistics | The procurement and physical transmission of material through the supply chain, from suppliers to customers. (See page(s) 485) |
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| mass customization | The production of a variety of end products at a unit cost that could once be achieved only through mass production of a standardized output. (See page(s) 490) |
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| materials management | The activity that controls the transmission of physical materials through the value chain, from procurement through production and into distribution. (See page(s) 485) |
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| sourcing decisions | Whether a firm should make or buy component parts. (See page(s) 496) |
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| total quality management | Management philosophy that takes as its central focus the need to improve the quality of a company's products and services. (See page(s) 486) |
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| universal needs | Needs that are the same all over the world, such as steel, bulk chemicals, and industrial electronics. (See page(s) 492) |