Chapter Outline

[Primary Source Idea of progress]

LXXV. The Advance of Democracy: Socialism, Labor Unions, and Feminism

1. [Image Voting by secret ballot]

1. The Trade Union Movement and Rise of British Labor
1. [Secondary Discussion "New model" unionism]
2. [Secondary Discussion Amalgamated Society of Engineers]
3. [Secondary Discussion London dock strike of 1889]
4. [Secondary British Labour Party]
5. [Secondary Discussion Taff Vale decision]

2. European Socialism after 1850
1. [Secondary Discussion Socialism]
2. [Primary Source Capital]
3. [Image First International]
4. [Image Notice of meeting, First International]
5. [Primary Source Prince Peter Kropotkin, Anarchism: Its Philosophy and Ideal, 1896]
6. [Primary Source Gotha Program]
7. [Primary Source German Social Democratic Party Erfurt Program, 1891]
8. [Secondary Discussion Jean Jaures]
9. [Primary Source French Socialist Party Program, 1905]
10. [Image H. M. Hyndman]
11. [Image Social Democratic Federation]
12. [Secondary Discussion Social Democratic Federation]
13. [Primary Source William Morris, Why I Am A Socialist]
14. [Primary Source Russian Social Democratic Party Program, 1903]

3. Revisionist and Revolutionary Socialism, 1880-1914
1. [Primary Source George Bernard Shaw, An Unsocial Socialist, 1883]
2. [Image H. G. Wells]
3. [Primary Source Sidney Webb, The Historic Basis of Socialism, 1889]
4. [Primary Source Eduard Bernstein, Evolutionary Socialism]
5. [Image Georges Sorel]
6. [Primary Source Sorel on the General strike]
7. [Image Karl Kautsky]
8. [Image Lenin]
9. [Primary Source V.I. Lenin, Marxism and Revisionism, 1908]

4. Feminism, 1880-1914
1. [Image "They?ve a Cheek," 1908]
2. [Secondary Discussion Women's Social and Political Union]
3. [Primary Source Emmeline Pankhurst, Militant Suffragist, 1913]
4. [Image Suffragette disturbances]
5. [Image Broken windows after suffragette disturbance, 1912]
6. [Image Suffragettes marching in London, c. 1912]
7. [Image Forcible feedings]

LXXVI. Science, Philosophy, the Arts, and Religion

1. [Primary Source Patents/Bell phone]

1. The Impact of Evolution
1. [Primary Source Charles Darwin, Origin of the Species]
2. [Primary Source Charles Darwin, Descent of Man]
3. [Image T.H. Huxley]
4. [Secondary Discussion Social Darwinism]
5. [Primary Source Thomas Henry Huxley, The Struggle for Existence, 1888]
6. [Primary Source Thomas Henry Huxley, Evolution and Ethics (1893)]

2. Genetics, Anthropology, and Psychology
1. [Image Gregor Mendel]
2. [Secondary Discussion Physical anthropologists/Cultural anthropologists]
3. [Primary Source Sir James Frazer, The Golden Bough]
4. [Image Wilhelm Wundt]
5. [Image Ivan Pavlov]
6. [Image Sigmund Freud]
7. [Primary Source Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams]
8. [Primary Source Freud, Five Lectures on Psychoanalysis]

3. The New Physics
1. [Image Albert Einstein, c. 1900]
2. [Secondary Discussion Theory of relativity]
3. [Primary Source Albert Einstein, Relativity: The Special and General Theory]
4. [Image Antoine Henri Becquerel]
5. [Image Curies]
6. [Primary Marie Curie, On the Discovery of Radium]
7. [Image J.J. Thomson]
8. [Image Lord Rutherford]
9. [Image Max Planck]
10. [Image Niels Bohr]
11. [Primary Source Einstein explains e=mc2]
12. [Image Werner Heisenberg]
13. [Primary Source Werner Heisenberg, Principle of uncertainty]

4. Trends in Philosophy and the Arts
1. [Secondary Discussion Positivism]
2. [Secondary Discussion Agnosticism]
3. [Secondary Discussion Herbert Spencer]
4. [Image Ernst Haeckel]
5. [Image Frederick Nietzsche]
6. [Primary Source Friedrich Nietzsche, Thus Spake Zarathustra, 1891]
7. [Secondary Discussion Friedrich Nietzsche]
8. [Primary Source Emile Zola, Germinal]
9. [Image Henrik Ibsen]
10. [Primary Source Henrik Ibsen, A Doll's House, 1879]

5. The arts: relativism, irrationalism, social determinism, unconscious
1. [Secondary Discussion Paul Gaugin]
2. [Image Gaugin, Tahitian Women, 1891]
3. [Primary Source Atonal music: The Rite of Spring]
4. [Secondary Discussion The Rite of Spring]
5. [Secondary Discussion Fauvism]
6. [Primary Source Van Gogh, Starry Night, 1889]

6. The Churches and the Modern Age
1. [Secondary Discussion "Higher" criticism]
2. [Image David Friedrich Strauss]
3. [Primary Source Ernest Renan, The Life of Jesus]
4. [Primary Source Samuel Wilberforce, On Darwin's Origin of Species, 1860]
5. [Secondary Discussion Christian Social Union]
6. [Secondary Discussion/Image Karl Barth]
7. [Image Pius IX]
8. [Primary Source Pius IX, Syllabus of Errors]
9. [Primary Source Vatican Council]
10. [Secondary Discussion Ultramontanism]
11. [Primary Source Leo XIII, Rerum Novarum
12. [Image Pogrom in Russia]
13. [Primary Source Theodor Herz, On the Jewish State, l896]
14. [Primary Source Zionism]

LXXVII. The Waning of Classical Liberalism

1. The Decline of Nineteenth-Century Liberalism: Economic Trends
1. [Primary Source Friedrich List, National System of Political Economy]

2. Intellectual and Other Currents
1. [Primary Sources Revolt against Reason]
2. [Primary Source Sorel, Reflections on Violence]
3. [Image Joseph Chamberlain]
4. [Primary Source Joseph Chamberlain, The Radical Programme, 1885]