Chapter Outline

LXXXXVII. The Advance of Democracy after 1919

1. [Image Maimed German veteran]
2. [Primary Source Paul Valery, On European Civilization and the European Mind, 1922]

1. Gains of Democracy and Social Democracy
1. [Secondary Discussion Representation of the People Act]
2. [Primary Source 19th amendment to U.S. constitution, 1920]
3. [Image German women voting for first time, 1919]
4. [Image Fight for the eight-hour working day, 1927]
5. [Image German Trade Union Federation badge, c. 1930]
6. [Image Benito Mussolini]
7. [Primary Source Benito Mussolini, What is Fascism, 1932]

2. The New States of Central and East-Central Europe
1. [Map Map of Europe, 1919]
2. [Map German-speaking population of Czechoslovakia]
3. [Primary Source Ivan Derer, The Autonomist Movement in Slovakia, 1938]
4. [Map Post-war Yugoslavia]
5. [Secondary Discussion Founding Yugoslavia, 1919]
6. [Secondary Discussion Frustrated Nationalism in Yugoslavia]
7. [Image Bela Kun]
8. [Image Admiral Horthy]
9. [Primary Source Miklos Horthy becomes regent of Hungary]

3. Economic Problems of Eastern Europe; Land Reform
1. [Image Distribution of bread to poor of Vienna, 1922]

LXXXXVIII. The German Republic and the Spirit of Locarno

1. [Image Karl Liebknecht]
2. [Image Rosa Luxemburg]
3. [Primary Source Rosa Luxemburg, The Socialisation of Society, December 1918]
4. [Primary Source Karl Liebknecht, Proclamation of the Free Socialist Republic, 1918]
5. [Image Spartacist poster, 1919]
6. [Image Spartacist uprising, 1919]
7. [Image Provisional Government troops attacking Spartacists, 1919]
8. [Image Elections for National Constituent Assembly 1919]
9. [Image Opening session, German National assembly, 1919]
10. [Primary Source Weimar Constitution, 1919]
11. [Secondary Discussion Weimar Republic]
12. [Image Wolfgang Kapp]
13. [Image Kapp putsch]
14. [Image Violence by Nazis, 1930]
15. [Image Adolf Hitler, 1923]
16. [Primary Source The 25 Points: Nazi Program, 1920]
17. [Image Nazi revolt in Munich, 1923]

1. The German Democracy and Versailles
1. [Map Germany in 1920]
2. [Image Weimar GermanyÑthe lost territory]
3. [Image League of Nations Covenant]
4. [Primary Source Franco-Polish Agreement, 1921]
5. [Primary Source/Secondary Discussion Treaty of Rapallo in 1922]

2. Reparations, the Great Inflation of 1923, Recovery
1. [Image French occupy Essen, Ruhr valley, 1923]
2. [Image German view of French occupation of the Ruhr, 1923]
3. [Primary Source Reich Chancellor Wilhelm Cuno on Occupation of the Ruhr by French and Belgian Troops, 1923]
4. [Image German children with stacks of worthless German currency]
5. [Primary Source Dawes Plan, 1924]
6. [Image Ruhr factory, c. 1930]

3. The Spirit of Locarno
1. [Image Gustav Stresemann at League of Nations, 1926]
2. [Image Edouard Herriot]
3. [Image Aristide Briand]
4. [Image Ramsay Macdonald]
5. [Image League Headquarters at Geneva]
6. [Image Locarno conference]
7. [Primary Source Treaty of Locarno between France and Poland, 1925]
8. [Primary Source Eduard Bene_, The Rationale for the Little Entente, 1928]
9. [Primary Source Pact of Paris (Kellog-Briand Pact), 1928]

LXXXXIX. Anti-Imperialist Movements in Asia

1. Resentments of Asia
1. [Secondary Discussion/Images] Tirailleurs Senegalais]
2. [Image European club in Dutch East Indies]
3. [Image Indonesians pushing Europeans on railway handcar]
4. [Image Gandhi as a lawyer]
5. [Image Gandhi broadcasting: using western culture to undermine imperialism]
6. [Primary Source Japanese attack on Russians at Port Arthur, 1905]
7. [Image Persian nationalist revolution, 1905-06]
8. [Primary Source Young Turks, Proclamation for the Ottoman Empire, 1908]
9. [Image Sun Yat-sen]
10. [Map Nationalist revolution in China, 1911]

2. First World War and Russian Revolution
1. [Map Former German concessions in Pacific]
2. [Image Indian troops, World War I]

3. The Turkish Revolution: Kemal Ataturk
1. [Map Turkey, 1924]
2. [Image Mustapha Kemal]
3. [Image Mustapha Kemal]
4. [Primary Source Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations, 1923]
5. [Image The fez as symbol of backwardness]
6. [Image The hat as symbol of progress]

4. The National Movement in India: Gandhi and Nehru
1. [Primary Source Gandhi on the passive resistance campaign]
2. [Image Homespun alternative to English cotton]
3. [Image Gandhi leads campaign against salt tax]
4. [Image Jawaharlal Nehru and Mohandas Gandhi]
5. [Image India Legislative Council, early 1900s]
6. [Secondary Discussion Interwar violence in India]
7. [Image Round Table Conference, 1930]
8. [Image Rebellion in Dutch East Indies, 1922]

5. The Chinese Revolution: The Three PeopleÕs Principles
1. [Map Chinese revolution, 1911-12]
2. [Image Sun Yat-sen]
3. [Primary Source Sun, The Three PeopleÕs Principles]
4. [Image Demonstrations against the Western powers May 4, 1919]
5. [Image Lu Xun]
6. [Image Michael Borodin]

6. China: Nationalists and Communists
1. [Image Chiang Kai-shek]
2. [Map China under warlords, 1924-26]
3. [Image Chinese Red Army]
4. [Image Mao Zedong]
5. [Primary Source Mao Zedong, Analysis of the Classes in Chinese Society, 1926]
6. [Primary Source Mao Zedong, Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan, 1927]
7. [Image Zhu De]
8. [Map The Long March]

7. Japan: Militarism and Aggression
1. [Image Japanese Troops in Siberia]
2. [Secondary Discussion Zaibatsu]
3. [Image Japanese army in Manchuria, 1931]
4. [Image Anti-Japanese demonstration in Shanghai, 1932]
5. [Primary Source Japan-Manchukuo Protocol, 1932
6. [Map Manchukuo]

C. The Great Depression: Collapse of the World Economy

1. The Prosperity of the 1920s and Its Weaknesses
1. [Image Automobile in front of grocery store, Washington, DC]
2. [Image Tire shop]
3. [Image Highway]
4. [Image Truckdriver]
5. [Image Filling-station attendant]
6. [Image Purchase of radios in Germany, 1923-33]
7. [Image Marlene Dietrich, The Blue Angel, 1930]
8. [Image Installment buying]
9. [Image Farm being auctioned]
10. [Image Harvester-thresher combine]

2. The Crash of 1929 and the Spread of Economic Crisis
1. [Image New York Stock Exchange crash, October 1929]
2. [Image Closed bank, Tombstone, Arizona]
3. [Image Closed factory, Dubuque, Iowa]
4. [Image Unemployment in America, 1920-33]
5. [Image Unemployed worker, Berlin 1931]
6. [Image Workers lining up at labor office, Hanover, 1930]
7. [Primary Source Food Line in Paris]
8. [Image German workers, 1930
9. [Image German woman in Berlin, 1930]
10. [Image Hitler campaign poster, 1932]

3. Political and Economic Reactions to the Crisis
1. [Primary Source German Chancellor Bruning justifies his policy of austerity, 1931]
2. [Image President Herbert Hoover]
3. [Image Rearmament: making aircraft motor casings]
4. [Image A Hooverville, 1935]
5. [Image Signing the Canada-US Trade agreement, 1935]

4. Cultural Reactions to the Crisis
1. [Image Modernist art: Wasily Kandinsky, Two Sides Red, 1928]
2. [Primary Source T. S. Eliot, The Waste Land, 1922]
3. [Image James Joyce Ulysses]
4. [Image Eugene OÕNeill]
5. [Secondary Discussion/Image Marcel Proust]
6. [Image Virginia Woolf]
7. [Image Ernest Hemingway, 1923]
8. [Image Andre Gide]
9. [Image John Steinbeck]
10. [Secondary Discussion The Grapes of Wrath]