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1 | |
Fromm believed that the rise of capitalism has contributed to |
| | A) | the growth of personal freedom. |
| | B) | a greater degree of happiness among people. |
| | C) | feelings of anxiety, isolation, and powerlessness. |
| | D) | higher levels of community cohesion. |
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2 | |
Which of these people was NOT an important influence on Fromm's thinking? |
| | A) | Freud |
| | B) | Thomas More |
| | C) | Karl Marx |
| | D) | Johann J. Bachofen |
| | E) | Karen Horney |
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3 | |
One of Fromm's basic assumptions is that people have been torn away from a union with nature, and lacking adequate animal instincts, they must rely on reason. This condition is called |
| | A) | the rational imperative. |
| | B) | the human dilemma. |
| | C) | manifest destiny. |
| | D) | transcendence. |
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4 | |
According to Fromm, the four basic elements in love are knowledge, care, respect, and |
| | A) | responsibility. |
| | B) | affection. |
| | C) | interest. |
| | D) | cooperation. |
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5 | |
Transcendence is the need for humans to |
| | A) | seek self-realization in a basically sick society. |
| | B) | rise above their passive and accidental existence. |
| | C) | move beyond their human nature and into the realm of superhumans. |
| | D) | feel restless and anxious with the realization that they are constantly geographically mobile. |
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6 | |
Rootedness is the need for humans to |
| | A) | remain fixed in their relationship with their parents. |
| | B) | rise above their passive and accidental existence. |
| | C) | feel at home again in the world. |
| | D) | return to their pre-human past. |
| | E) | feel restless and anxious with the realization that they are forever geographically mobile. |
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7 | |
Fromm believed that a frame of orientation is necessary in order for people to |
| | A) | achieve personal identity. |
| | B) | achieve group cohesiveness. |
| | C) | make their way through the world. |
| | D) | rise above their animal nature. |
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8 | |
When existential needs are not satisfied, people will |
| | A) | become motivated by human needs. |
| | B) | become motivated by essential needs. |
| | C) | develop extraordinary willpower. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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9 | |
According to Fromm, the freaks of the universe are |
| | A) | people. |
| | B) | women. |
| | C) | planets. |
| | D) | snakes. |
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10 | |
In Fromm's view, people with basic anxiety |
| | A) | suffer from the burden of freedom. |
| | B) | express their anxiety through moving away from people. |
| | C) | eventually suffer a psychotic break. |
| | D) | represent a small minority of all people. |
| | E) | both a and b |
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11 | |
Authoritarianism may take these two forms: |
| | A) | power and destruction |
| | B) | sadism and masochism |
| | C) | love and hate |
| | D) | effective and ineffective |
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12 | |
The spontaneous activity of a healthy individual represents |
| | A) | positive freedom. |
| | B) | essential freedom. |
| | C) | existential chaos. |
| | D) | transcendence. |
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13 | |
The two components of positive freedom are |
| | A) | work and love. |
| | B) | thought and action. |
| | C) | faith and hope. |
| | D) | desire and restraint. |
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14 | |
Freud's anal character is similar to Fromm's ______ character. |
| | A) | hoarding |
| | B) | marketing |
| | C) | exploitative |
| | D) | receptive |
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15 | |
Which nonproductive characters is a product of modern commerce? |
| | A) | hoarding |
| | B) | exploitative |
| | C) | marketing |
| | D) | receptive |
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16 | |
Biophilia is |
| | A) | the psychic illness of the modern age. |
| | B) | a passionate love of life. |
| | C) | the principal component of the syndrome of decay. |
| | D) | an erotic desire to hoard one's childhood toys. |
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17 | |
Fromm believed that psychopathology stems from |
| | A) | unconscious guilt. |
| | B) | modes of assimilation. |
| | C) | modes of socialization. |
| | D) | lack of rootedness. |
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18 | |
People who suffer from malignant narcissism |
| | A) | tend to be sadistic in their relations with others. |
| | B) | devalue that which belongs to others while overvaluing that which
they possess. |
| | C) | usually possess a strong mother fixation. |
| | D) | are characterized by necrophilia and the loss of self-identity. |
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19 | |
A person with moral hypochondriasis |
| | A) | is overly concerned with physical symptoms. |
| | B) | is overly concerned with psychological symptoms. |
| | C) | suffers from the syndrome of decay. |
| | D) | is preoccupied with guilt. |
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20 | |
Which of these is NOT part of Fromm's syndrome of decay? |
| | A) | malignant narcissism. |
| | B) | moral hypochondriasis. |
| | C) | incestuous symbiosis. |
| | D) | necrophilia. |
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21 | |
Shaun Saunders and Don Munro have developed the SCOI to measure Fromm's _______ character. |
| | A) | hoarding |
| | B) | exploitative |
| | C) | receptive |
| | D) | marketing |
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22 | |
Recent research indicates that people who score high on a measure of the marketing character tend to |
| | A) | value cooperation over competition. |
| | B) | have many of the same personality traits as do people with the
exploitative orientation. |
| | C) | reside in agricultural nations. |
| | D) | be angry, depressed, and anxious. |
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23 | |
In his concept of humanity, Erich Fromm emphasized |
| | A) | neuroses. |
| | B) | differences between humans and other animals. |
| | C) | similarities between women and men. |
| | D) | the human need to achieve self-actualization. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education