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 |  Human Biology, 7/e Dr. Sylvia S. Mader
Nervous System
Chapter Outline
13.1 Nervous TissueThe nervous system contains cells called neurons, which are specialized to carry nerve impulses. 246A nerve impulse is an electrochemical change that travels along the length of a neuron axon. 248Transmission of signals between neurons is dependent on neurotransmitter molecules. 251 |
| | | 13.2 The Central Nervous SystemThe central nervous system is made up of the spinal cord and the brain. 252The spinal cord transmits messages to and from the brain and coordinates reflex responses. 253The parts of the brain are specialized for particular functions. 255-57The cerebral cortex contains motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas that communicate with each other. 255-56The reticular formation contains fibers that arouse the brain when they are active and account for sleep when they are inactive. 257 |
| | | 13.3 The Limbic System and Higher Mental FunctionsThe limbic system contains cortical and subcortical areas that are involved in higher mental functions and emotional responses. 257Long-term memory depends upon association areas that are in contact with the limbic system. 258Particular areas in the left hemisphere are involved in language and speech. 259 |
| | | 13.4 The Peripheral Nervous SystemThe peripheral nervous system contains nerves that conduct nerve impulses toward and away from the central nervous system. 260 |
| | | 13.5 Drug AbuseThe use of psychoactive drugs, such as alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, heroin, and marijuana is detrimental to the body. 264 |
| | | 13.6 HomeostasisThe nervous system works with the other systems of the body, particularly the endocrine system, to maintain homeostasis. 266 s |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education