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Human Biology, 7/e
Dr. Sylvia S. Mader

Development and Aging

Chapter Outline


18.1 Fertilization

  • Development begins when a sperm fertilizes an egg. 364

    18.2 Development Before Birth

  • Development in humans involves certain processes and a set series of stages. 366
  • The extraembryonic membranes and the placenta allow humans to develop internally within the uterus. 368
  • Human development is divided into embryonic development, when all systems are established, and fetal development, when systems are completed. 372

    18.3 Development of Male and Female Sex Organs

  • Male and female sex organs develop from the same indifferent tissue. 374

    18.4 Birth

  • Birth is a multistage process that includes delivery of the child and the extraembryonic membranes. 376-77
  • Lactation requires the hormone prolactin, and milk delivery requires the hormone oxytocin. 377

    18.5 Development After Birth

  • Investigation into aging shows hope of identifying underlying causes of degeneration and prolonging the health span of individuals. 378