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Human Biology, 7/e
Dr. Sylvia S. Mader
Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Chapter Outline


8.1 Lymphatic System

  • The lymphatic vessels form a one-way system, which transports lymph from the tissues and fat from the lacteals to certain cardiovascular veins. 146
  • The lymphoid organs (red bone marrow, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils) play critical roles in defense mechanisms. 147

    8.2 Nonspecific Defenses

  • Immunity consists of nonspecific and specific defenses to protect the body against disease. 148
  • Nonspecific defenses consist of barriers to entry, the inflammatory reaction, natural killer cells, and protective proteins. 148

    8.3 Specific Defenses

  • Specific defenses require two types of lymphocytes: B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. 150

    8.4 Induced Immunity

  • Induced immunity for medical purposes involves the use of vaccines to achieve long-lasting (active) immunity and the use of antibodies to provide temporary (passive) immunity. 156

    8.5 Immunity Side Effects

  • While immunity preserves life, it is also responsible for certain undesirable effects, such as allergies, autoimmune diseases, and tissue rejection. 1588.6Homeostasis
  • The lymphatic system works with the other systems of the body to maintain homeostasis. 160 s








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