Chapter Outline

I. The Evolution of Piety

II. Orthodoxy and Heresy

1. Cathars [TXT: Bernard Gui: Inquisitor's Manual: Accusations against Cathars][WEB: Carcassonne: Land of the Cathars]
2. Waldensians [TXT: Conversion of Peter Waldo]
1. Waldensians

III. Changes in Monastic Life

1. New Monastic Movements: Carthusians, Cistercians, and Others
1. Carthusians
2. Cistercians
3. St. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153)

2. Women and the New Monastic Orders

IV. The Papacy and Its Church

1. Ecclesiastical Reform
2. The Gregorian Reform
3. Gregory VII, Henry IV, and Lay Investiture
4. The Reformed Papacy

V. The Mendicant Orders

1. The Dominicans [WEB: Dominican Central: Tradition]
2. The Franciscans [TXT: St. Francis (1182-1226): Canticle of the Sun] [IMG: Image: Innocent III and St. Francis]
3. Women and the Mendicant Orders