Chapter Outline

I. England, France, and the Hundred Years War [WEB: The Hundred Years' War in Images] [TXT: The Hundred Years War In The High Court of Parlement]

1. Origins
2. Joan of Arc [TXT: Johann Nider: On Joan of Arc, (d. 1438) ][IMG: Joan of Arc At the Stake]

II. England, Parliament, Civil War, and Tudor Monarchy

1. Parliament [TXT: Thomas Walsingham: The Good Parliament of 1376, from Chronicon Angliae]
2. Wars of the Roses [TXT: Anonymous: The Ballad of Bosworth Field][WEB: Richard III Society ]

III. Responses to Disaster and Despair

IV. France: Constitutional Crisis, War, and the Spider King [TXT: Hundred Years War: Treaty of Troyes, 1420 and Conditions in France in 1422]

1. Hundred Years War [TXT: Jean Froissart: Battles of Crecy 1346 ][IMG: Battle of Crecy]
2. The Spider King [TXT: Philippe de Commynes: Portrait of Louis IX r. 1461-1483 ]

V. The Iberian States: Consolidation through Homogenization

1. Process of Unification
2. Jews and Muslims [TXT: The Expulsion from Spain, 1492 Account by an Italian Jew.]
3. 1492

VI. New Powers on the European Perimeter Eastern Universalism: The Mongols [TXT: Description of the Tartars [Mongols], 13th century. ][IMG: Mongol Archers ]

1. Muscovy and the Mongols [WEB: Russian History Homepage] [TXT: Filofei: Moscow as the Third Rome.]
2. Byzantium, Islam, and the Ottoman Empire
1. Fall of Constantinople [TXT: The Fall of Constantinople 1453 ]
2. Ottomans [WEB: The Ottomans [At WSU]] [IMG: Growth of the Ottoman Empire From the Early 14th Century Till 1512 ]

VII. The Heritage of the Holy Roman Empire

1. The German States
2. The Italian States [TXT: Bartolus of Sassoferrato: On the Tyrant, c.1330, on tyranny in Italian city government.] [IMG: Doge's Palace, Venice ][TXT: The Chronicles of Venice: How the Doges Were Chosen ]
3. Poland and Lithuania