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The Twentieth Century, 6/e
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Guidelines for Documentations

GUIDELINES FOR DOCUMENTATION:

When writing an historical essay, you must observe the conventions of historians regarding both notes and bibliography.  Historians currently use a style referred to as the Chicago Style A (Chicago Manual of Style) or old MLA (Modern Language Association) format. The author-date format (APA) appropriate for other disciplines is generally not acceptable for historical papers.

Footnote or Endnote:            Corresponding Bibliographic Entry:

[BOOK]

  1.Ian Kershaw, The Nazi Dictatorship: Problems and Perspectives of Interpretation (London: Edward Arnold, 1985), 9.

  2.Karl Dietrich Bracher, The Nazi Dictatorship (Berlin: Campe, 1980), 56.

  3.Kershaw, Nazi Dictatorship, 24.

[BOOK]

Bracher, Karl Dietrich. The Nazi

   Dictatorship. Berlin: Campe, 1980.

Kershaw, Ian. The Nazi Dictatorship:

   Problems and Perspectives of

   Interpretation. London: Edward Arnold,

  1985.

[EDITED COLLECTION OF ARTICLES]

  4.Milan Hauner, Hitler’s Drive for a World Dominion, in J.D. Snell, ed. Origins of the Nazi Terror (Boston: Heath, 1982), 64-70.

  5.Ibid., 80.

[EDITED COLLECTION OF ARTICLES]

Snell, John D., ed. Origins of the Nazi

   Terror. Boston: Heath, 1982.

[ARTICLE IN JOURNAL]

  6.Hannah Arendt, Totalitarianism in the Twentieth Century, History and Theory, 24 (1956), 106.

[ARTICLE IN JOURNAL]

Arendt, Hannah. Totalitarianism in the

Twentieth Century, History and Theory,

  24 (1956), 104-128.

1. Footnotes/Endnotes must be numbered consecutively from the first page of the essay to the last.

2. Your bibliography should be arranged in alphabetical order according to authors' surnames. It should appear on a separate page from the notes and text, and there is no need to number bibliographic entries.

3. Notes at the bottom of the page (Footnotes) and notes at the end of the essay (Endnotes) are equally acceptable. Use whichever format is easier for you.