 |
1 | |
Approximately how many species of fish are known?
|
| | A) | 5,000
|
| | B) | 10,000
|
| | C) | 20,000
|
| | D) | 50,000
|
|
|
2 | |
The agnathans and gnathostomes branched apart most likely during the
|
| | A) | Cambrian period.
|
| | B) | Silurian period.
|
| | C) | Devonian period.
|
| | D) | Jurassic period.
|
|
|
3 | |
The subclass _________ is the most diverse of the fishes.
|
| | A) | Elasmobranchii
|
| | B) | Holocephali
|
| | C) | Actinopterygii
|
| | D) | Sarcopterygii
|
|
|
4 | |
Which of the following fish may be characterized as eel-like, parasitic, and possessing a cartilaginous skeleton?
|
| | A) | chimera
|
| | B) | hagfish
|
| | C) | lamprey
|
| | D) | ostracoderm
|
|
|
5 | |
The class name Myxini, or the hagfishes, refers to their
|
| | A) | lack of eyes.
|
| | B) | production of slime.
|
| | C) | unique circulatory system.
|
| | D) | parasitic lifestyle.
|
|
|
6 | |
The respiratory apparatus of agnathans may be characterized by
|
| | A) | lack of gill filaments.
|
| | B) | lack of an operculum.
|
| | C) | the presence of a spiracle.
|
| | D) | acting as a filter feeding mechanism.
|
|
|
7 | |
The derivation of the class name assigned to lampreys refers to their
|
| | A) | ability to be parthenogenetic.
|
| | B) | holding on to rocks in a stream.
|
| | C) | rasping mouthparts.
|
| | D) | parasitic nature.
|
|
|
8 | |
The larva of the lamprey is known as the
|
| | A) | trilobite lava.
|
| | B) | veliger.
|
| | C) | tornaria.
|
| | D) | ammocete.
|
|
|
9 | |
The tail of elasmobranchs is known as ________, which means that the vertebral column extends up into the dorsal lobe.
|
| | A) | diphycercal
|
| | B) | dorsicercal
|
| | C) | heterocercal
|
| | D) | homocercal
|
|
|
10 | |
The structure in the intestine of chondrostean fish and some primitive osteichthyean fish that increases the surface area is the
|
| | A) | duodenum.
|
| | B) | jejunum.
|
| | C) | cecum.
|
| | D) | spiral valve.
|
|
|
11 | |
Which of the following terms describes the reproduction of sharks?
|
| | A) | internal fertilization, and a range from oviparity to viviparity
|
| | B) | internal fertilization, oviparity only
|
| | C) | external fertilization, and a range from oviparity to viviparity
|
| | D) | external fertilization, viviparity only
|
|
|
12 | |
Elasmobranchs maintain their fluids hypertonic to the ocean environment by accumulating
|
| | A) | fluids in the rectal gland.
|
| | B) | fluid in the organ of Lorenzini.
|
| | C) | urea and TMAO.
|
| | D) | calcium and phosphate.
|
|
|
13 | |
In elasmobranchs, the placoid scales are homologous to their
|
| | A) | organs of Lorenzini.
|
| | B) | rectal glands.
|
| | C) | ultimobranchial glands.
|
| | D) | teeth.
|
|
|
14 | |
The function of the elasmobranch __________ is to bring in water to the gill cavity.
|
| | A) | ultimobranchial gland
|
| | B) | operculum
|
| | C) | spiracle
|
| | D) | rostrum
|
|
|
15 | |
Skates and rays are flattened ________ for life on the sea floor.
|
| | A) | dorsoventrally
|
| | B) | dorsolaterally
|
| | C) | ventrolaterally
|
| | D) | anterioposteriorly
|
|
|
16 | |
Paired fins include
|
| | A) | dorsal and pectoral.
|
| | B) | dorsal and anal.
|
| | C) | pectoral and pelvic.
|
| | D) | pelvic and anal.
|
|
|
17 | |
The subclass Sarcopterygii includes the lungfishes and |
| | A) | the genus Latimeria. |
| | B) | the genus Raja. |
| | C) | the genus Squalus. |
| | D) | the genus Perca. |
|
|
18 | |
The most primitive actinopterygian fish (historically and today) have scales.
|
| | A) | ctenoid
|
| | B) | cycloid
|
| | C) | placoid
|
| | D) | ganoid
|
|
|
19 | |
The lungs of early fish have formed into the of modern fishes.
|
| | A) | pharyngeal pouches
|
| | B) | swim bladders
|
| | C) | pyloric cecae
|
| | D) | diverticula
|
|
|
20 | |
The swimming ability of fish can be attributed to their
|
| | A) | swim bladders.
|
| | B) | pyloric cecae.
|
| | C) | septa.
|
| | D) | myomeres.
|
|
|
21 | |
Sharks have a
|
| | A) | swim bladder filled with squalene.
|
| | B) | liver with much squalene.
|
| | C) | swim bladder filled with air.
|
| | D) | heterocercal tail to keep it up in the water column.
|
|
|
22 | |
The swim bladder of osteichthyean fish has a gas gland and a network of capillaries, the _____________ , that acts to keep the bladder filled at an appropriate pressure.
|
| | A) | pyloric cecae
|
| | B) | leptocephalus
|
| | C) | rete mirabile
|
| | D) | squalene
|
|
|
23 | |
The larva of the eel is called the __________, which metamorphoses into the elver, then the adult eel.
|
| | A) | leptocephalus
|
| | B) | zoantherium
|
| | C) | miracidium
|
| | D) | smolt
|
|
|
24 | |
Salmon migrate to their natal stream via ________ cues in the river systems.
|
| | A) | visual
|
| | B) | olfactory
|
| | C) | magnetic
|
| | D) | unknown
|
|
|
25 | |
Most commonly, fish can be described as _________ and _________ with respect to reproduction.
|
| | A) | dioecious, with internal fertilization
|
| | B) | monoecious, with internal fertilization
|
| | C) | dioecious, with external fertilization
|
| | D) | monoecious, with external fertilization
|
|
|
26 | |
The aquatic medium is much denser and has much more oxygen than the terrestrial environment.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
27 | |
The most obvious persistent notochord would be found in a lamprey.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
28 | |
Marine lampreys would be considered to be catadromous, while freshwater eels are anadromous.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
29 | |
As they lack any intromittent organ, sharks typically have external fertilization.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
30 | |
The lateral line system allows fish to sense changes in water pressure. This system is found in both chondrichthyean and osteichthyean fish.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
31 | |
The ultimobranchial glands sense electrical fields to allow sharks to find prey.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
32 | |
The neopterygians are of significance as they are probably the sister lineage of the amphibians.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
33 | |
The pyloric cecum allows some fish to adjust the volume of air in the swim bladder as it connects to the esophagus and the swim bladder.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
34 | |
The tail type seen in sharks is heterocercal, and is heterocercal, homocercal, or diphycercal in osteichthyean fish.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
35 | |
The most speciose group of fish is subclass Actinopterygii, while the least speciose group is represented by the coelocanth.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
36 | |
Among the fish that lack paired fins are the lampreys, the hagfish, and the chimeras.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
37 | |
Among the fish that have opercula are the bony fishes and the rays.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
38 | |
The fish whose ancestors are most closely allied with the ancestors of the tetrapods are the holocephalans.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|
|
39 | |
The spiral valve, which is characteristic of elasmobranchs, is also found in some of the more primitive osteichthyean fish.
|
| | A) | True
|
| | B) | False
|
|