 |
1 | |
The philosophical position that heredity provides individuals with inborn knowledge and abilities is known as: |
| | A) | nativism |
| | B) | rationalism |
| | C) | empiricism |
| | D) | structuralism |
|
|
2 | |
The philosophical position that true knowledge comes through correct reasoning is known as: |
| | A) | nativism |
| | B) | rationalism |
| | C) | empiricism |
| | D) | structuralism |
|
|
3 | |
A philosophical approach that accepts sensory experience as a source of knowledge is known as: |
| | A) | nativism |
| | B) | rationalism |
| | C) | empiricism |
| | D) | structuralism |
|
|
4 | |
The study of the relationship between the physical characteristics of stimuli and the conscious psychological experiences that are associated with them is known as: |
| | A) | nativism |
| | B) | empiricism |
| | C) | psychophysiology |
| | D) | psychophysics |
|
|
5 | |
The field of psychology that studies variations among human beings in physical, personality, and intellectual attributes is known as: |
| | A) | differential psychology |
| | B) | psychophysiology |
| | C) | psychophysics |
| | D) | psychoanalysis |
|
|
6 | |
Analytic introspection, a procedure aimed at analyzing complex mental experiences, was used by psychologists adhering to which school of psychology? |
| | A) | Gestalt psychology |
| | B) | psychoanalysis |
| | C) | structuralism |
| | D) | functionalism |
|
|
7 | |
Which of the following early schools of psychology studied how the conscious mind helps the individual to adapt to the environment? |
| | A) | Gestalt psychology |
| | B) | psychoanalysis |
| | C) | structuralism |
| | D) | functionalism |
|
|
8 | |
Watson founded the _______school of psychology, believing that the proper subject matter for psychological research is observable behavior. |
| | A) | Gestalt psychology |
| | B) | psychoanalysis |
| | C) | behaviorism |
| | D) | nativism |
|
|
9 | |
The early school of psychology that emphasized the importance of unconscious causes of behavior is known as: |
| | A) | Gestalt psychology |
| | B) | psychoanalysis |
| | C) | behaviorism |
| | D) | nativism |
|
|
10 | |
Psychic determinism, the assumption that all human behavior is influenced by unconscious motives, is associated with: |
| | A) | Gestalt psychology |
| | B) | psychoanalysis |
| | C) | behaviorism |
| | D) | nativism |
|
|
11 | |
The _________ perspective of psychology studies how individuals respond to the basic philosophical issues of life, such as death, meaning, freedom, and isolation. |
| | A) | psychoanalytic |
| | B) | humanistic |
| | C) | phenomenological |
| | D) | existential |
|
|
12 | |
The _________ perspective of psychology is primarily concerned with the study of subjective mental experience. |
| | A) | cognitive |
| | B) | humanistic |
| | C) | phenomenological |
| | D) | existential |
|
|
13 | |
The psychological perspective that favors the study of how the mind organizes perceptions, processes information, and interprets experiences is known as: |
| | A) | cognitive |
| | B) | humanistic |
| | C) | phenomenological |
| | D) | existential |
|
|
14 | |
Which of the following represents the largest field of specialization in psychology? |
| | A) | experimental psychology |
| | B) | educational psychology |
| | C) | clinical psychology |
| | D) | industrial psychology |
|
|
15 | |
Which of the following types of professionals receives training in a medical school, rather than a school of psychology? |
| | A) | psychiatrist |
| | B) | clinical psychologist |
| | C) | educational psychologist |
| | D) | biopsychologist |
|
2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education