 |
1 | |
The global capacity to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with the environment is known as: |
| | A) | intelligence |
| | B) | achievement |
| | C) | aptitude |
| | D) | autism |
|
|
2 | |
The degree to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure is indicated by the test's: |
| | A) | culture fairness |
| | B) | bias |
| | C) | validity |
| | D) | reliability |
|
|
3 | |
A form of mental retardation associated with certain physical deformities, that is caused by an extra, third chromosome on the 21st pair is known as: |
| | A) | cerebral palsy |
| | B) | Down syndrome |
| | C) | phenylketonuria |
| | D) | mental giftedness |
|
|
4 | |
If left untreated in the infant, the hereditary enzyme deficiency known as _______ causes mental retardation. |
| | A) | cerebral palsy |
| | B) | Down syndrome |
| | C) | phenylketonuria |
| | D) | mental giftedness |
|
|
5 | |
The statistical technique of ________ determines the degree of correlation between performances on various tasks to determine the extent to which they reflect particular underlying characteristics. |
| | A) | predictive validity |
| | B) | intelligence testing |
| | C) | intelligent quotient |
| | D) | factor analysis |
|
|
6 | |
The first formal test of general intelligence that appeared in 1905 was the: |
| | A) | Binet-Simon scale |
| | B) | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale |
| | C) | Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children |
| | D) | Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale |
|
|
7 | |
In a normal distribution of Wechsler Scale IQ scores, with mean of 100 and standard deviation of 15, about ____ percent would score between 85 and 115. |
| | A) | 100 |
| | B) | 95 |
| | C) | 68 |
| | D) | 30 |
|
|
8 | |
The intellectual deficiency known as mental ________ is marked by an IQ below 70 and by difficulties performing in everyday life. |
| | A) | giftedness |
| | B) | retardation |
| | C) | intelligence |
| | D) | quotient |
|
|
9 | |
Intellectual superiority marked by an IQ above 130 and exceptionally high scores on achievement tests in specific subjects, such as mathematics is known as: |
| | A) | mental giftedness |
| | B) | mental retardation |
| | C) | phenylketonuria |
| | D) | intelligence quotient |
|
|
10 | |
According to Horn and Cattell's Two-Factor Theory of Intelligence, _________ intelligence reflects the acquisition of skills and knowledge through schooling and everyday experience. |
| | A) | fluid |
| | B) | componential |
| | C) | contextual |
| | D) | crystallized |
|
|
11 | |
According to Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, ________ intelligence is similar to the kind of intelligence considered by traditional theories of intelligence, primarily reflecting our information-processing ability, which helps in academic performance. |
| | A) | fluid |
| | B) | crystallized |
| | C) | componential |
| | D) | experiential |
|
|
12 | |
Howard Gardner proposed a theory that recognizes differences in intelligence in the areas of linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal and musical intelligence, a theory known as: |
| | A) | theory of multiple intelligences |
| | B) | triarchic theory of intelligence |
| | C) | two-factor theory of intelligence |
| | D) | factor-analytic theory of intelligence |
|
|
13 | |
Galton, a cousin of Charles Darwin, proposed the controversial practice known as ___, encouraging supposedly superior people to reproduce, while preventing supposedly inferior people from reproducing. |
| | A) | variability hypothesis |
| | B) | eugenics |
| | C) | factor analysis |
| | D) | stereotype threat |
|
|
14 | |
In the early 1900s, some differential psychologists advocated the controversial, and unsubstantiated belief in the superiority of the male intellect, a belief derived from evolutionary theory known as: |
| | A) | variability hypothesis |
| | B) | eugenics |
| | C) | factor analysis |
| | D) | stereotype threat |
|
|
15 | |
The extent to which variability in a characteristic within a group can be attributed to heredity is known as: |
| | A) | nurturing |
| | B) | heritability |
| | C) | eugenics |
| | D) | variability |
|
2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education