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Psychology 5/e Book Cover
Psychology, 5/e
Lester M. Sdorow, Arcadia University
Cheryl A. Rickabaugh, University of Redlands
Psychology as a Science

Chapter Outline

  1. Thinking Critically About Psychology and the Media: Is Melatonin Effective in Overcoming Insomnia?
  2. Sources of Knowledge
    1. Common Sense
    2. The Scientific Method
      1. Determinism and Lawfulness
      2. Skepticism and Critical Thinking
    3. Steps in Conducting Scientific Research
      1. Anatomy of a Research Study: Can We Reliably Detect When Someone Is Drunk?
        1. Rationale
        2. Method
        3. Results and Discussion
    4. Staying on Track: Sources of Knowledge
  3. Goals of Scientific Research
    1. Description
    2. Prediction
    3. Control
    4. Explanation
    5. Staying on Track: Goals of Scientific Research
  4. Methods of Psychological Research
    1. Descriptive Research
      1. Naturalistic Observation
      2. Case Studies
      3. Surveys
      4. Psychological Testing
      5. Archival Research
    2. Correlational Research
      1. Kinds of Correlation
      2. Causation versus Correlation
    3. Experimental Research
      1. Experimental Method
      2. Internal Validity
        1. Situational Variables
        2. Participant Variables
        3. Experimenter Variables

          4. (1.) Anatomy of a Research Study: Can Experimenter Expectancies Affect the Behavior of Laboratory Rats?
               (a.) Rationale
               (b.) Method
               (c.) Results and Discussion
      3. External Validity
    4. Staying on Track: Methods of Psychological Research
  5. Statistical Analysis of Research Data
    1. Descriptive Statistics
      1. Measures of Central Tendency
      2. Measures of Variability
    2. Correlational Statistics
    3. Inferential statistics
      1. Statistical Significance
      2. Major Inferential Statistics
    4. Staying on Track: Statistical Analysis of Research Data
  6. The Ethics of Psychological Research
    1. Ethical Treatment of Human Participants
      1. The APA’s Code of Ethics
      2. The Issue of Deception in Research
    2. Ethical Treatment of Animal Subjects
      1. Animal Rights Versus Animal Welfare
      2. Reasons for Using Animals in Research
      3. Continuing Controversy
    3. Staying on Track: What are the Ethics of Psychological Research?









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