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1 | |
Nationwide banning of the use of DDT was achieved through: |
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| | A) | public outcry |
| | B) | publication of Silent Spring |
| | C) | legislation |
| | D) | litigation |
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2 | |
The _________ requires the preparation of environmental impact statements to evaluate major federal actions, or private actions receiving federal funds. |
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| | A) | Clean Air Act |
| | B) | National Environmental Policy Act |
| | C) | Endangered Species Act |
| | D) | Wilderness Act |
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3 | |
What is Superfund? |
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| | A) | a trust fund for cleaning up hazardous waste sites |
| | B) | an organization devoted to raising money for endangered species protection |
| | C) | a research program on the effects of waste disposal on the ocean |
| | D) | a trust fund for the acquisition of parks and conservation lands |
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4 | |
In the United States, nongovernmental organizations are: |
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| | A) | not allowed to comment on the formulation of environmental legislation and policy |
| | B) | too small and too few to be effective in promoting an environmental agenda |
| | C) | the most proactive avenue for public input and participation in formulating environmental law |
| | D) | not involved in political campaigns for local and national elections |
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5 | |
An environmental impact statement must describe all of the following except: |
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| | A) | the results of population viability analyses for all species affected by the action |
| | B) | alternatives to the proposed action |
| | C) | irreversible or irretrievable commitments of resources that would be involved in the proposed action |
| | D) | adverse environmental effects of the proposed action |
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6 | |
An environmental impact statement is prepared by: |
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| | A) | one expert who knows the most about the area to be affected by the proposed action |
| | B) | a team of biologists |
| | C) | an interdisciplinary team |
| | D) | randomly selected members of the public |
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7 | |
The Endangered Species Act includes provisions for: |
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| | A) | banning public comment on proposed listings of endangered and threatened species |
| | B) | designating and purchasing critical habitat for endangered and threatened species |
| | C) | including economic considerations in the listing of endangered and threatened species |
| | D) | compensating landowners when the presence of an endangered species prevents development of private land |
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8 | |
Which of the following is not associated with habitat conservation plans (HCPs)? |
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| | A) | no-surprises policy |
| | B) | "incidental take" permits |
| | C) | public-private partnerships |
| | D) | environmental impact statements |
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9 | |
To protect red-cockaded woodpeckers, a landowner agrees to restrict some forms of development on her land. In exchange, she receives a reduction in property taxes. This is an example of: |
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| | A) | a conservation easement |
| | B) | a safe-harbor agreement |
| | C) | conservation through litigation |
| | D) | a memorandum of agreement |
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10 | |
The Endangered Species Act has been criticized because: |
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| | A) | it is too proactive |
| | B) | it focuses on single species, rather than habitats or ecosystems |
| | C) | cost-benefit analysis is not allowed in designating critical habitat |
| | D) | it mandates ecosystem management, which has not yet been well defined |
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11 | |
What is CITES? |
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| | A) | a nongovernmental organization dedicated to protecting urban wildlife |
| | B) | a convention on the protection of migratory species |
| | C) | a convention that regulates commercial trade in endangered species and their products |
| | D) | a controversial document produced during the Rio Summit |
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12 | |
______ is an 800-page work plan produced during the Rio Summit, which addresses social, economic, and environmental concerns. |
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| | A) | Agenda 21 |
| | B) | NEPA |
| | C) | The Ramsar Convention |
| | D) | The Federal Register |
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13 | |
Which approach to strengthening compliance with international conservation treaties would be most effective for countries that intend to comply, but lack the capacity? |
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| | A) | the sunshine approach |
| | B) | positive incentives |
| | C) | coercive measures |
| | D) | exempting those countries from conservation treaties |
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14 | |
The Ramsar Convention focuses on protection of: |
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| | A) | prairies |
| | B) | forests |
| | C) | oceans |
| | D) | wetlands |
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15 | |
The use of turtle excluder devices (TEDs) is controversial because: |
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| | A) | they do not prevent the incidental capture of sea turtles in shrimp nets |
| | B) | they do not prevent the incidental capture of sea turtles by tuna fishers |
| | C) | shrimp-exporting nations claim that requiring TEDs violates the free-trade provisions of GATT (the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) |
| | D) | the U.S. government opposes their use |
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16 | |
Name the three steps (discussed in this chapter) in the formulation of conservation law and its translation into policy. |
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17 | |
Name two international treaties, discussed in this chapter, that affect global biodiversity conservation. |
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18 | |
Name three major U.S. laws that focus on conservation and the environment. |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education