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1 | |
Reproductive isolation is the conceptual basis of the _____ species concept. |
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| | A) | typological |
| | B) | evolutionary |
| | C) | biological |
| | D) | genetic |
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2 | |
The _____ species concept is most closely aligned with attempts to conserve not only populations, but also their ability to adapt to environmental change and give rise to future species. |
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| | A) | morphological |
| | B) | biological |
| | C) | genetic |
| | D) | cladistic |
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3 | |
Which of the following is not a strength of the biological species concept? |
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| | A) | It is based on the results of genetic analyses. |
| | B) | It is testable and operational. |
| | C) | It is compatible with conservation legislation. |
| | D) | It is compatible with biodiversity management practices and policies. |
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4 | |
_____ is the diversity of communities within a landscape. |
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| | A) | Gamma diversity |
| | B) | Beta diversity |
| | C) | Alpha diversity |
| | D) | Ecosystem diversity |
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5 | |
What is species richness? |
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| | A) | the degree to which individuals are evenly distributed among species in a community |
| | B) | the number of species in a community |
| | C) | the number of endangered species in a community |
| | D) | the rate of change in species composition of communities across a landscape |
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6 | |
Which of the following is not a criticism of diversity indices? |
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| | A) | Diversity indices treat all species as equivalent, but this is not true for setting conservation priorities. |
| | B) | Diversity may increase as a result of habitat fragmentation, so the indices are not related to conservation value. |
| | C) | Different diversity indices yield different values of diversity for the same community. |
| | D) | Diversity indices do not incorporate evenness. |
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7 | |
In the equation S=cAz, what is A? |
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| | A) | abundance |
| | B) | area |
| | C) | alpha diversity |
| | D) | altitude |
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8 | |
According to the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, |
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| | A) | biodiversity and biomass are related. |
| | B) | disturbances that are low in frequency and severity result in the highest levels of biodiversity. |
| | C) | disturbances that are intermediate in frequency and severity result in the highest levels of biodiversity. |
| | D) | severe disturbances increase biodiversity by forcing species to adapt to change. |
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9 | |
How many kinds of organisms have been recognized as species? |
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| | A) | fewer than 2 million |
| | B) | 20 million |
| | C) | 50 million |
| | D) | 200 million |
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10 | |
_______ are relatively invulnerable to extinction through habitat loss because, if one habitat is destroyed, they simply move to another. |
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| | A) | Habitat specialists |
| | B) | Forest interior species |
| | C) | Habitat generalists |
| | D) | All of the above |
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11 | |
An endemic species: |
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| | A) | has a global distribution |
| | B) | is restricted to a particular area or region |
| | C) | is not at risk of extinction |
| | D) | is a species that exists only in captivity |
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12 | |
Which patterns of species richness are true for most taxa? |
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| | A) | Richness decreases with increasing latitude and altitude. |
| | B) | Richness increases with increasing latitude and altitude. |
| | C) | Richness remains the same with changes in latitude and altitude. |
| | D) | Richness decreases with latitude, but increases with altitude. |
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13 | |
The ________ approach assumes that protecting a species (or group of species) of public interest will also benefit species in other taxa. |
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| | A) | hot-spot |
| | B) | endemic-species |
| | C) | intermediate-disturbance |
| | D) | umbrella-species |
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14 | |
A species with disproportionately large effects on community or ecosystem processes, and on biodiversity, is known as a(n): |
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| | A) | keystone species |
| | B) | endemic species |
| | C) | functional analog |
| | D) | indicator species |
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15 | |
The American bison (Bison bison) greatly affects biodiversity through: |
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| | A) | grazing |
| | B) | trampling and wallowing |
| | C) | interactions with prairie dogs |
| | D) | all of the above |
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16 | |
In your own words, define biodiversity. |
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17 | |
Name and briefly define two ways of measuring biodiversity. |
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18 | |
Name two general ways that humans use and benefit from biodiversity. |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education