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Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications
Fred Van Dyke
The Conservation of Genetic Diversity

Practice Quizzing



1

__________ is a minimum population size as a result of a crash.
A)The founder effect
B)A bottleneck
C)Effective population size
D)Mutational meltdown
2

Which of the following does not affect the calculation of Ne, the effective population size?
A)carrying capacity
B)variance in brood or litter size
C)deviation from random mating
D)differential sex ratio
3

In elk (Cervus elaphus), the effective population size is _______ the actual (census) population size.
A)much higher than
B)approximately equal to
C)much lower than
D)unrelated to
4

Inbreeding depression occurs:
A)only when inbreeding negatively affects fecundity or survival
B)whenever inbreeding occurs
C)only in captive-breeding programs
D)only after a bottleneck
5

What do the squinting bush brown butterfly (Bicyclus anyana) and Sonoran topminnow (Poeciliopsis occidentalis) have in common?
A)Both experience fitness declines with inbreeding.
B)Both are extinct.
C)Both benefit from the effects of inbreeding.
D)Both are being bred in captivity.
6

Mutational meltdown, genetic drift, and inbreeding disproportionately affect ____ populations.
A)large
B)genetically diverse
C)insect
D)small
7

"Muller's ratchet" describes the process of:
A)gel electrophoresis
B)mutational meltdown
C)introgression
D)DNA fingerprinting
8

Introgression occurs when:
A)predation drives a prey species to extinction
B)a novel disease threatens a small population
C)resources are insufficient for competing species, and one species goes extinct
D)genetic material from one species is incorporated into the genome of another
9

The case study of the red wolf (Canis rufus) provides examples of:
A)hybridization
B)introgression
C)controversy over provisions of the Endangered Species Act
D)all of the above
10

Outbreeding depression is:
A)the breaking up of coadapted gene complexes, resulting in fitness declines
B)suspected of causing fitness declines in red wolves
C)unlikely in plant populations capable of self-pollination (selfing)
D)more common in animals than in plants
11

Which of the following is NOT a technique for genetic analysis?
A)RFLP
B)PCR
C)VORTEX
D)RAPD analysis
12

What is satellite DNA?
A)short, highly repetitive sequences of DNA
B)DNA found outside the nucleus
C)long sequences of DNA characterized by low variability
D)a general name for megasatellites and nanosatellites
13

Captive-breeding programs attempt to maintain:
A)genetic diversity
B)high survivorship
C)a maximal ratio of effective population size to total population size
D)all of the above
14

Genetic analyses can do all of the following except:
A)provide information about genetic variation
B)make management decisions
C)provide information about levels of inbreeding
D)clarify relatedness of populations
15

In conservation biology, genetic analyses should be used in combination with considerations of:
A)life-history characteristics
B)environmental constraints
C)population demography
D)all of the above
16

Name three genetic analysis techniques presented in this chapter.
17

State two ways in which mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) differs from other genetic material.
18

List three ways in which genetic techniques can be applied to conservation.








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