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1 | |
The sociological perspective on race: |
| | A) | begins with the assumption that races are based on easily classified differences. |
| | B) | considers race a social construct, not an absolute. |
| | C) | neither a nor b |
| | D) | both a and b |
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2 | |
Ethnic groups: |
| | A) | are groups identified on cultural grounds. |
| | B) | are based solely on nationality. |
| | C) | occupy a small territory. |
| | D) | unlike racial groups, are socially constructed. |
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3 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of the properties of a minority group identified in your text? |
| | A) | racial or cultural self-consciousness |
| | B) | hereditary membership |
| | C) | a high degree of marriage outside of the group (exogamy) |
| | D) | oppression at the hands of a dominant group |
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4 | |
How does racial and ethnic stratification differ from other forms of stratification? |
| | A) | Racial and ethnic groups often have the potential for carving out their own independent nations from the existing state. |
| | B) | Racial and ethnic stratification is harder to eliminate than are other forms of stratification. |
| | C) | All other forms of stratification grow out of racial and ethnic stratification. |
| | D) | all of the above |
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5 | |
Prejudice: |
| | A) | refers to hostile behaviors exhibited by someone who has been offended by a member of a group. |
| | B) | is an attitude of aversion and hostility toward the members of a group simply because they belong to it. |
| | C) | cannot not exist in someone who does not discriminate. |
| | D) | is a feeling a minority individual has toward his or her own minority. |
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6 | |
Symbolic racism: |
| | A) | can also be termed racial reconciliation. |
| | B) | is the same as traditional racial prejudice. |
| | C) | is a reflection of whites' concern that further reductions in racial inequality will result in loss of the special status that whites in the United States have enjoyed over the years. |
| | D) | has no impact on whites' racial policy attitudes. |
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7 | |
Which of the following is true regarding discrimination? |
| | A) | In order for a person to discriminate, he or she must hold prejudicial attitudes. |
| | B) | Discrimination is an action. |
| | C) | Discrimination is not a form of racism. |
| | D) | none of the above |
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8 | |
Institutional discrimination: |
| | A) | does not include environmental racism. |
| | B) | occurs because equality of opportunity causes equality of outcome. |
| | C) | occurs in part when gatekeepers admit others like themselves to positions of privilege, prestige, and power. |
| | D) | none of the above |
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9 | |
When the Schmidt family came to the United States in 1890, they attended school to learn the language and customs of their new country. They subsequently changed their name to Smith. The case of this family illustrates: |
| | A) | assimilation. |
| | B) | continued subjugation. |
| | C) | legal protection. |
| | D) | pluralism. |
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10 | |
The coexistence of diverse groups is called: |
| | A) | gatekeeping. |
| | B) | pluralism. |
| | C) | assimilation. |
| | D) | continued subjugation. |
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11 | |
On May 17, 1954, the United States Supreme Court ruled that mandatory school segregation was unconstitutional. Subsequently, the Supreme Court moved toward outlawing all legalized segregation in the United States. This was followed by new civil rights legislation enacted by Congress, including: |
| | A) | the Civil Rights Act of 1964. |
| | B) | the Equal Rights Amendment of 1984. |
| | C) | the Prohibition Act of 1929. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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12 | |
William Julius Wilson's observation regarding the "declining significance of race": |
| | A) | is based on research showing that civil rights legislation and affirmative action programs have increased segregation. |
| | B) | is supported by the disappearance of unemployment and poverty as almost all African Americans have moved into the middle class. |
| | C) | is based on his observations that African-American economic advancement is more affected by class position than by race. |
| | D) | has persuaded sociologists that discrimination and racism have been all but eradicated from American society. |
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13 | |
Hispanics: |
| | A) | register and vote at rates much higher than the American population in general. |
| | B) | account for approximately one tenth of the legal immigration into the United States. |
| | C) | usually achieve a higher level of education than other Americans. |
| | D) | prefer to identify themselves by their ethnic group rather than by the broader term Hispanic. |
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14 | |
Which of the following is TRUE regarding symbolic ethnicity? |
| | A) | Symbolic ethnicity creates strong ethnic group ties, but does not affect the individual's personal life. |
| | B) | Most Mexican Americans exhibit symbolic ethnicity. |
| | C) | Personal ethnicity has a profound effect on the everyday life of white Americans. |
| | D) | None of the above is true. |
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15 | |
Functionalists argue that even though ethnic conflict is dysfunctional, it may still serve some important functions in society. Which of the following is NOT one of those important functions? |
| | A) | Conflict promotes group formation and cohesion. |
| | B) | Conflict may function as a safety valve for society by enabling hostilities to be channeled toward permissible targets known as scapegoats. |
| | C) | A multiplicity of conflicts between large numbers of differing groups within a society may be conducive to a democratic, as opposed to a totalitarian, society. |
| | D) | Conflict attributable to ethnic stratification problems may reach an unacceptable frequency and intensity. |
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16 | |
Marxist-oriented theorists: |
| | A) | have found that American race and ethnic relations have little connection to global issues. |
| | B) | contend that racism serves the economic interests of the capitalist class. |
| | C) | argue that prejudice, discrimination, and racism operate outside of social structures. |
| | D) | conclude that racist notions serve the economic interests of people of color world-wide. |
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17 | |
A split labor market: |
| | A) | underlies the development of ethnic tensions. |
| | B) | results in more well-defined norms and roles. |
| | C) | divides managerial and line workers. |
| | D) | none of the above |
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18 | |
According to Shibutani and Kwan, multiple communication channels and an ability to communicate freely and easily with members of other groups result in: |
| | A) | reduced ethnocentrism and prejudice. |
| | B) | increased ethnic distinctions and ethnic tension. |
| | C) | increased group isolation. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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19 | |
Which of the following is TRUE of interactionists? |
| | A) | Interactionists believe that groups will experience conflict only if they are of two distinct ethnic groups. |
| | B) | Interactionists downplay the role of communication in ethnicity. |
| | C) | Interactionists believe the world we experience is socially constructed. |
| | D) | all of the above |
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20 | |
Both the functionalist and conflict perspectives agree that: |
| | A) | if ethnic stratification continues in a society, conflict will decrease as people are socialized into the stratification system. |
| | B) | ethnic stratification will persist as long as it is in the best interests of those in power. |
| | C) | conflicts will be particularly likely and severe if class and ethnic cleavages coincide. |
| | D) | none of the above. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education