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1 | |
According to Feud's theory, the desire to secure pleasure is in constant battle with the demands to behave according to what is right or wrong. Using Freud's terminology, this would be stated as: |
| | A) | ego vs. super ego |
| | B) | super ego vs. id |
| | C) | id vs. ego |
| | D) | id vs. super ego |
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2 | |
Freud believed that defense mechanisms were unconscious attempts to prevent awareness of unpleasant or unacceptable ideas. Brianna has unconsciously forgotten incidents of sexual abuse by her father that occurred when she was 8 years old. Freud would term this as: |
| | A) | regression |
| | B) | introjection |
| | C) | displacement |
| | D) | repression |
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3 | |
Freud believed that inappropriate stimulation of the pleasure center at different stages of personality development would result in _________, and the inability to fully mature. |
| | A) | latency |
| | B) | fixation |
| | C) | rationalization |
| | D) | compensation |
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4 | |
The core of Erikson's Psychosocial Theory is that humans progress through a series of stages, each marked by a crisis that must be resolved in order to advance to the next stage. The outcome depends on the success or failure to resolve the crisis. A child who is successful in resolving the crisis of autonomy vs. shame and doubt is evidenced by |
| | A) | trust in caregivers. |
| | B) | toilet training. |
| | C) | developing identity through play. |
| | D) | initiating behavior to manipulate their surroundings. |
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5 | |
A child who fails to resolve the crisis of industry versus inferiority displays ________________ in school tasks. |
| | A) | incompetence |
| | B) | infidelity |
| | C) | mistrust |
| | D) | poor self control |
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6 | |
Joseph is 5 years old, and is able to recognize the letters in the alphabet, and numbers from 1 to 20. According to Piaget, Joseph is in which stage? |
| | A) | sensorimotor |
| | B) | preoperational |
| | C) | concrete operational |
| | D) | formal operational |
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7 | |
Maria is 16 years old, and is working in her uncle's bakery. He expects her to be able to count back change to customers without relying on the register to tell her the amount of change that is due. He assumes that Maria is progressing through which of Piaget's stages? |
| | A) | sensorimotor |
| | B) | preoperational |
| | C) | concrete operational |
| | D) | formal operational |
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8 | |
__________________ believed that social interactions are the driving force in cognitive development. |
| | A) | Vygotsky |
| | B) | Piaget |
| | C) | Skinner |
| | D) | Freud |
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9 | |
Perry is the Activities Director at a senior living center. He collaborates with a local after-school drop-in center to publish a cookbook that will be used to raise funds for a remedial reading program. The senior residents will work with 10-year-old students to write recipes, and design a cover for the book. The group will meet over a 6-month period to read and cook together. Which theorist believed that this type of collaboration would enrich the learning experiences of the children? |
| | A) | Skinner |
| | B) | Bandura |
| | C) | Vygotsky |
| | D) | Dixon |
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10 | |
During a championship basketball game, Brandon missed a lay-up shot. He was angry when the referee failed to call a foul on the opposing player who had hit his arm as he released the ball. He continued to argue about it until the referee called a technical foul on him. The opposing player hit the foul shot, thus tying the score. Moments later, Brandon disagreed with another call by the referee, but this time, he kept quiet. This is an example of: |
| | A) | Bandura's theory of "modeling in development" |
| | B) | Vygotsky's theory of "zone of proximal development" |
| | C) | Lerner's theory of "interaction among multiple levels of development |
| | D) | Skinner's theory of operant conditioning |
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11 | |
Cameron received a new bike for his 10th birthday. His father also bought him a new helmet, and told him that he must wear it while bike riding. Cameron asks "Why should I wear a helmet if you don't"? This is an example of |
| | A) | Bandura's social learning theory |
| | B) | Skinner's negative reinforcement theory |
| | C) | Piaget's concrete operational theory |
| | D) | Freud's id versus superego |
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12 | |
An example of Erikson's stage of Identity versus Identity Confusion is: |
| | A) | A toddler learning to control bodily functions |
| | B) | A school aged child spending more time with friends and participating in activities, rather than with family. |
| | C) | A teenager making decisions about college based on personal interests, achievements, and career goals. |
| | D) | An elderly man regrets being an absent father, and fears he will dies without meeting his grandchildren. |
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13 | |
A child's behavior emerges from the intertwining of sociocultural processes according to |
| | A) | Piaget |
| | B) | Skinner |
| | C) | Vygotsky |
| | D) | Freud |
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14 | |
Anything that makes a response more likely to happen in the future is Skinner's definition of |
| | A) | introspection |
| | B) | reinforcement |
| | C) | accommodation |
| | D) | assimilation |
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15 | |
_________________ is a perspective made popular by Lerner. Our characteristics, physiological and biological , function by reciprocal interactions with the environment. |
| | A) | developmental contextualism |
| | B) | evolutionary developmental psychology |
| | C) | zone of proximal development |
| | D) | operant conditioning |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education