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1 | |
In the earliest stages of developing relationships______________. |
| | A) | infants recognize mothers as a source of relief and satisfaction |
| | B) | mothers discriminate their infant's cries for hunger, attention, or fright |
| | C) | adult responses to needs establish the basis for future social interactions |
| | D) | all of the above |
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2 | |
Which statement is false? |
| | A) | When an infant is 4 weeks old, it begins to show signs of delight at the sight of adults, especially females. |
| | B) | At 4 weeks of age, infants are passive in relationships, and only require basic physical needs to be met. |
| | C) | During the second month, the infant smiles and directs vocalization toward the mother. |
| | D) | At three months, the infant has formed a need for social interactions. |
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3 | |
In Brazelton and Cramer's study of characteristics of developing relationships, which of the following characteristics identified the emergence of a successful relationship? |
| | A) | Synchrony; demonstrated by parent recognizing baby's "language", and then regulating their own behavior to help the infant to adapt to environmental stimuli. |
| | B) | Accommodation; demonstrated by parent responding to infant's basic needs of feeding and comfort. |
| | C) | Symmetry; demonstrated by mother making a face, and baby trying to imitate her. |
| | D) | Entrainment; demonstrated by baby controlling interactions between mother and infant. |
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4 | |
Selma often has the feeling that her mother is looking over her shoulder, and making judging her abilities as a parent. Fraiberg refers to this as |
| | A) | the role of reciprocal interactions |
| | B) | normal mother/grandmother relationships |
| | C) | ghost in the nursery |
| | D) | none of the above |
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5 | |
How significant is the mother infant relationship in the earliest weeks after birth? |
| | A) | A warm intimate relationship between the mother and infant is essential to mental health. |
| | B) | Infants will bond with the caregiver who satisfies the basic needs of feeding, and comfort. |
| | C) | A mother's continued absence can generate a sense of loss, and feelings of anger |
| | D) | A and C |
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6 | |
secure attachment |
| | A) | renewed , but a remote, distant kind of interest |
| | B) | hopelessness, monotonous crying, inactivity and steady withdrawal |
| | C) | lack of emotion, disinterest |
| | D) | willingness and confidence to seek out future relationships |
| | E) | loud crying, extreme restlessness, rejection of all adult figures marks the infants distress |
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7 | |
Rene is 9 months old. Which attachment behaviors are age-appropriate? |
| | A) | becomes attached to groups and group members |
| | B) | begins to accept the mother's temporary absence, and plays with other children |
| | C) | cries when mother leaves, and clings at the appearance of strangers |
| | D) | unable to demonstrate preference for mother, father, other caregiver, as long as basic needs are met. |
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8 | |
At the Tiny Toes Daycare Center, Miss Harriet frequently observes the behaviors of infants and mothers during drop-off and pick-up from the center. When Kevin's mother brings him in before she goes to work, he becomes anxious, and then intensely distressed when she leaves. When she returns to bring him home, he seeks contact with her, but simultaneously resists her. Ainsworth would classify this behavior as |
| | A) | securely attached |
| | B) | avoidantly attached |
| | C) | ambivalently attached |
| | D) | disorganized and disoriented |
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9 | |
Miss Harriet noticed a different behavior demonstrated by Sarina. She exhibits considerable distress, ceases to explore, and upon reunion, seeks out contact with her mother. Ainsworth classifies this behavior as |
| | A) | securely attached |
| | B) | avoidantly attached |
| | C) | ambivalently attached |
| | D) | disorganized, disoriented |
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10 | |
In their studies of the parent's role in development and social competence in their children, Ruben et al concluded that______________. |
| | A) | fathers are more playful than nurturing in their interaction with their infants |
| | B) | fathers of secure infants were more extroverted and agreeable than fathers of insecure infants |
| | C) | the relationship between parent and child allows the child freedom to explore, practice and refine social skills |
| | D) | A and C |
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11 | |
Which statements about temperament are true? |
| | A) | Studies using Bayley's Infant Behavior Record found significant genetic influences on temperament |
| | B) | Temperament is a critical personality trait |
| | C) | According to Thomas, temperament is biologically based, but a developmentally evolving feature of behavior. |
| | D) | All of the above |
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12 | |
Ben is 14 months old. His mother is attempting to toilet train him, and expresses her frustration with his poor bowel control, and frequent "accidents." According to the mother, Ben is becoming more irritable, and is not progressing in his locomotor skills, failing to take more than 2 steps in succession. Chess and Thomas would describe this situation as |
| | A) | slow to warm up |
| | B) | difficult child |
| | C) | poorness of fit |
| | D) | goodness of fit |
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13 | |
How did Izard identify the initial appearance of emotions such as distress, joy, and fear in infants? |
| | A) | sleep patterns |
| | B) | startle reflex |
| | C) | facial expressions |
| | D) | irritability |
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14 | |
Kagen states that frequent and socially significant smiles emerge when and infant is ________ old. |
| | A) | 1 month |
| | B) | 2-3 months |
| | C) | 4-5 months |
| | D) | 6 months |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education