McGraw-Hill OnlineMcGraw-Hill Higher EducationLearning Center
Student Center | Instructor Center | Information Center | Home
Glossary
Human Development ImageGallery
Guide to Electronic Research
Study Skills Primer
Career Opportunities
PowerWeb
Chapter Objectives
Chapter Outline
Multiple Choice Quiz
Matching Quiz
Flashcards
Crossword Puzzle
Feedback
Help Center


Human Development Across the Lifespan Cover Image
Human Development Across the Lifespan, 5/e
John S. Dacey, Boston College
John F. Travers, Boston College
Early Childhood
Physical and Congnitive Development in Infancy

Outline

  1. Physical and motor development
    1. Features of physical development
      1. The sequence of early childhood growth
      2. Continuing brain development
        1. Growth of the brain
        2. Lateralization
    2. Influences on physical development in early childhood
      1. Genetic elements
      2. Nutrition
      3. Disease
      4. Psychological disturbance
      5. Socioeconomic status
      6. Secular trends
    3. Growing motor skills
      1. Gross and fine
      2. The emergence of motor skills
    4. The special case of drawing
      1. Sequence of stages
        1. Random scribbling
        2. Controlled scribbling
      2. Changes in children's love of drawing
        1. Reach for realism
        2. Lack of encouragement
  2. Cognitive development
    1. Piaget's preoperational period
      1. Examples of preoperational thinking
        1. Realism
        2. Animism
        3. Artificialism
      2. Features of preoperational thought
        1. Representation
        2. Deferred imitation
        3. Symbolic play
        4. Drawing
        5. Mental images
          1. Reproductive
          2. Anticipatory
        6. Language
      3. Limitations of preoperational thought
        1. Egocentrism
        2. Centration
        3. Limitations of classification
        4. Lack of conservation
        5. Lack of reversibility
    2. Challenges to Piaget
      1. Piaget's underestimation of youngsters' cognitive abilities
    3. Children's theory of mind
      1. The role of information processing in discovering mind
        1. Span of apprehension
        2. Rehearsal
        3. Organization
        4. Retrieval
        5. Developmental changes
          1. Desire psychology
          2. Desire-belief psychology
          3. Belief-desire psychology
      2. Children and their humor
        1. Stage 1: Incongruous actions toward objects
        2. Stage 2: Incongruous labeling of objects and events
        3. Stage 3: Conceptual incongruity
        4. Stage 4: Multiple meanings
  3. Early childhood education
    1. Piaget and Montessori
      1. Piaget's interactive theory
      2. Montessori's three major periods of development
        1. Absorbent mind phase
        2. Uniform growth phase
        3. Prepared environment phase
      3. Montessori's sensitive periods
    2. Project Head Start
      1. Goal
      2. The IQ controversy
      3. Follow-up studies of Head Start children
      4. The need for early intervention programs
      5. Features of good preschools
  4. Language development
    1. Brown's stages
      1. Stage 2: Use of pronouns and negatives
      2. Stage 3: Improved conversational ability
      3. Stage 4: Embedding
      4. Stage 5: More complexity, improved grammar
    2. Language as rule learning
      1. Fast mapping
      2. Phonology
      3. Syntax
      4. Semantics
      5. Pragmatics
      6. Receptive versus expressive language
    3. The pattern of language development
      1. Language irregularities
        1. Overextensions
        2. Overregularities
      2. Mastery of meaning
    4. Bilingualism
      1. Bilingual education programs
        1. English as a second language
        2. Bilingual technique
        3. Transitional programs
        4. Maintenance programs
        5. Bilingual immersion








Copyright2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education
Any use is subject to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
McGraw-Hill Higher Education is one of the many fine businesses of The McGraw-Hill Companies.