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Human Development Across the Lifespan Cover Image
Human Development Across the Lifespan, 5/e
John S. Dacey, Boston College
John F. Travers, Boston College
Early Childhood
Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood

Outline

  1. The family in development
    1. Includes traditional, blended, single-parent, homeless, and foster families
    2. A changing view of the family
      1. Nature of the family
      2. Characteristics of a strong family
    3. Parents and their children
      1. Parents and children construct relationships
      2. Baumrind's categories of parenting behaviors
        1. Authoritarian parents
        2. Authoritative parents
        3. Permissive parents
        4. Parenting behavior and children's characteristics
    4. Siblings and development
      1. Sibling relationships through the years
        1. Longer life spans
        2. Geographic mobility
        3. Divorce and remarriage
      2. How siblings help each other
        1. Nonthreatening sounding boards
        2. Direct services
        3. The sibling underworld
        4. Sibling rivalry
    5. Children of divorce
      1. Facts about divorce
      2. Families and divorce
        1. Impact of parental conflict
        2. Transition period following divorce
      3. Children's adjustment to divorce
        1. Single-parent home
        2. Remarriage
        3. Long-term effects
      4. Divorced fathers
        1. Retreat from parenthood
    6. Day care
      1. Goals of quality day care
      2. Au pairs and nannies
      3. Facts about day care
      4. Types of day care
        1. Care in the child's home
        2. Family day care
        3. Day care centers
          1. Private day care centers
          2. Commercial centers
          3. Community church centers
          4. Company centers
          5. Public service centers
          6. Research centers
      5. Day care: a national concern
        1. Suggested ratio of staff to children
      6. Developmental outcomes of day care
        1. Cognitive
        2. Social
      7. The effects of day care: conclusions
        1. Characteristics of quality day care
  2. The self emerges
    1. The development of self
      1. Age-related milestones
    2. Changes in the developing self
      1. Subjective self-awareness
      2. Self-representations
      3. Autobiographical personal narrative
      4. Self-evaluations
      5. Social self
  3. The role of gender in development
    1. Definition of terms
      1. Gender identity
      2. Gender stereotypes
      3. Gender role
    2. Theories of gender development
      1. Biological explanations
      2. Social learning theory explanations
      3. Cognitive development explanations
      4. Gender schema explanations
      5. Psychoanalytic-identification explanations
    3. Acquiring gender identity
      1. Becoming boys and girls
        1. Family
          1. Differential treatment of sons and daughters
          2. Siblings also influence gender development
      2. Peers
        1. Children reinforce each other for sex-typed play
        2. Sex cleavage
      3. Media
        1. Television teaches gender stereotypes
    4. Gender stereotyping
      1. A negative image
  4. The importance of play
    1. Characteristics and definition
    2. The meaning of play
      1. Types and sequences of play
        1. Functional
        2. Constructive
        3. Make-believe
        4. Games with rules
    3. Developmental aspects of play
      1. Cognitive development
        1. Practice games
        2. Symbolic games
        3. Games with rules
      2. Social development
      3. Emotional development








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