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1 | |
Social psychology is |
| | A) | the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
| | B) | the scientific study of how people act. |
| | C) | the scientific study of how people love and hate. |
| | D) | the scientific study of how people understand and conflict with one another. |
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2 | |
The text states that values |
| | A) | enter the picture with our choice of research topics. |
| | B) | are unimportant in the study of social psychology. |
| | C) | do not influence the type of people attracted to various academic disciplines. |
| | D) | tell us which ones are right. |
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3 | |
Hindsight bias |
| | A) | is conducive to an underestimation of our own intellectual powers. |
| | B) | shows that common sense is nearly always scientifically wrong. |
| | C) | is the tendency to exaggerate after learning an outcome. |
| | D) | is the tendency to see the objective situation incorrectly. |
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4 | |
The procedure in which every person in the population being studied has an equal chance of inclusion is |
| | A) | survey research. |
| | B) | equal sample. |
| | C) | controlled sample. |
| | D) | random sample. |
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5 | |
Which is false according to the text. The American and British Psychological Associations |
| | A) | protect people from harm and significant discomfort. |
| | B) | tell potential participants enough about the experiment to enable their informed consent. |
| | C) | fully explain the experiment before preceding. |
| | D) | treat information about the individual participants confidentially. |
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6 | |
Beliefs about self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information is |
| | A) | self-esteem |
| | B) | self-reference effect. |
| | C) | self-schema. |
| | D) | self-concept. |
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7 | |
Self-esteem is |
| | A) | the total of our possible selves. |
| | B) | the sum of all our self-schemas. |
| | C) | the total sum of our thoughts about ourselves. |
| | D) | a person's overall evaluation of oneself. |
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8 | |
Loewenstein and Schkade's research on determining how we will feel shows the following is true. |
| | A) | People underestimate how much their well-being would be effected by winning the state lottery. |
| | B) | People overestimate how much their well-being would be affected by losing weight. |
| | C) | Given devastating news, people do not cope well. |
| | D) | After adapting to good news, people feel as elated as they anticipated. |
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9 | |
Which of the following is not true for people who have a sense of efficacy and feelings of control? |
| | A) | more alert |
| | B) | less activity |
| | C) | achieve more |
| | D) | cope better |
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10 | |
The act of expressing oneself in ways designed to create a favorable impression is |
| | A) | self-presentation. |
| | B) | self-monitoring. |
| | C) | self-handicapping. |
| | D) | egocentric role-playing. |
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11 | |
The theory of correspondent inferences states |
| | A) | people infer that other people's intentions and dispositions correspond to our intentions and dispositions. |
| | B) | people infer that other people's intentions and dispositions correspond to the group's intentions and dispositions. |
| | C) | people infer that other people have similar values. |
| | D) | people infer that other people's intentions and dispositions correspond to their actions. |
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12 | |
Correspondence bias is |
| | A) | an illusory correlation. |
| | B) | counterfactual thinking. |
| | C) | fundamental attribution error. |
| | D) | hindsight error. |
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13 | |
Memory construction allows us to |
| | A) | revise our own histories. |
| | B) | think automatically. |
| | C) | replicate reality. |
| | D) | see the truth of the situation. |
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14 | |
Imagining alternative scenarios and outcomes that might have happened, but didn't is |
| | A) | hindsight bias. |
| | B) | counterfactual thinking. |
| | C) | denial paradox. |
| | D) | inferential analysis. |
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15 | |
The perception of a relationship where none exists is |
| | A) | belief assimilation phenomenon. |
| | B) | illusory correlation. |
| | C) | the Kulechov effect. |
| | D) | distinctiveness fallacy. |
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16 | |
In response to external circumstances ___________________ people adjust their behavior. |
| | A) | intelligent |
| | B) | depressed |
| | C) | self-conscious |
| | D) | unintelligent |
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17 | |
A variation of the foot-in-the-door phenomenon is the |
| | A) | bogus technique. |
| | B) | low-ball technique. |
| | C) | self-monitoring technique. |
| | D) | justification technique. |
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18 | |
The term brainwashing describes what happened to American POWs during which war? |
| | A) | World War I |
| | B) | World War II |
| | C) | Korean War |
| | D) | Vietnam War |
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19 | |
According to self-perception theory, behavior shapes attitudes |
| | A) | when attitudes are strong and consistent. |
| | B) | only in the area of legislation. |
| | C) | in self-monitoring people. |
| | D) | when attitudes are weak and ambiguous. |
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20 | |
According to the text, which of the following are true of self-perception and cognitive dissonance theories? |
| | A) | Self-perception theory has more support and evidence. |
| | B) | Evidence exists to support both theories. |
| | C) | Cognitive dissonance theory has more support and evidence. |
| | D) | They are mutually exclusive; therefore one has to be correct. |
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21 | |
According to the text, norms are |
| | A) | a set of roles. |
| | B) | models of social behavior. |
| | C) | prescriptions for proper behavior. |
| | D) | laws governing social behavior. |
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22 | |
The characteristics, whether biologically or socially influenced, by which people define male and female is |
| | A) | gender norm. |
| | B) | gender role. |
| | C) | gender assignment. |
| | D) | gender. |
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23 | |
Across the globe, men are how many times more likely to murder men than women murder women? |
| | A) | 5 |
| | B) | 20 |
| | C) | 10 |
| | D) | 25 |
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24 | |
According to the text, gender difference does not exist in |
| | A) | vocabulary. |
| | B) | sexual initiative. |
| | C) | murder rate. |
| | D) | conversation style. |
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25 | |
According to the text, you are more likely to smoke if |
| | A) | your parents smoke. |
| | B) | your brother smokes. |
| | C) | your sister smokes. |
| | D) | your friends smoke. |
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26 | |
Conformity that involves both acting and believing in accord with social pressure is |
| | A) | compliance. |
| | B) | cohesiveness. |
| | C) | obedience. |
| | D) | acceptance. |
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27 | |
Sherif's study using autokinetic phenomenon suggest |
| | A) | compliance. |
| | B) | acceptance. |
| | C) | obedience. |
| | D) | reactance. |
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28 | |
When Milgram moved his experiment from Yale to Bridgeport, the number of people who complied |
| | A) | decreased from 63 percent to 25 percent. |
| | B) | decreased from 63 percent to 13 percent. |
| | C) | decreased from 63 percent to 48 percent. |
| | D) | remained about the same. |
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29 | |
Conformity based on a person's desire to fulfill others' expectations is |
| | A) | nominal influence. |
| | B) | informational influence. |
| | C) | normative influence. |
| | D) | indirect influence. |
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30 | |
Increasing the size of a group from 2 to _____is likely to produce the greatest increase in conformity. |
| | A) | 5 |
| | B) | 10 |
| | C) | 25 |
| | D) | 100 |
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31 | |
According to the text, from 1978-1991 support for the marijuana's legalization among new collegians dropped from |
| | A) | 50 to 21 percent. |
| | B) | 65 to 39 percent. |
| | C) | 81 to 56 percent. |
| | D) | 41 to 11 percent. |
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32 | |
Communicators who talk fast and are straightforward are likely to be perceived as |
| | A) | manipulative. |
| | B) | credible. |
| | C) | untrustworthy. |
| | D) | attractive. |
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33 | |
The effect of fear-arousing communication is |
| | A) | fear renders the communication ineffective. |
| | B) | a low level of fear is effective, but a high level is counter productive. |
| | C) | generally the more fear people feel, the more effective the communication. |
| | D) | effective only with women. |
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34 | |
The process by which media influence occurs through opinion leaders, who in turn influence others, is called |
| | A) | channels of communication. |
| | B) | the media effect. |
| | C) | the opinion leaders phenomenon. |
| | D) | the two-step flow of communication. |
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35 | |
Which age group is most open to a cult's message? |
| | A) | under 25 |
| | B) | between 21 and 25 |
| | C) | between 25 and 35 |
| | D) | over 35 |
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36 | |
People working simultaneously and individually on a noncompetitive task are called |
| | A) | social facilitators. |
| | B) | coactors. |
| | C) | group. |
| | D) | collective. |
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37 | |
According to the text, the presence of others improved people's efficiency at |
| | A) | doing complex multiplication problems. |
| | B) | learning a foreign language. |
| | C) | learning nonsense words. |
| | D) | crossing out designated letters. |
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38 | |
The loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension is called |
| | A) | the singleton effect. |
| | B) | the group awareness effect. |
| | C) | deindividuation. |
| | D) | group polarization. |
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39 | |
According to the text, if a minority judges blue slides to be green |
| | A) | it has no effect on the judgments of the majority. |
| | B) | females but not males of the majority will occasionally agree. |
| | C) | members of the majority will occasionally agree. |
| | D) | males but not females of the majority will occasionally agree. |
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40 | |
Groupthink is happening when members desire |
| | A) | control. |
| | B) | freedom. |
| | C) | harmony. |
| | D) | power. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education