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preoperational stage: In Piaget's theory, the second major stage of cognitive development (approximately from age 2 to age 7), in which children become more sophisticated in their use of thought but are not yet able to use |
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: In Piaget's terminology, ability to use mental representations (words, numbers, or images) to which a child has attached meaning. |
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: In Piaget's terminology, a limitation of preoperational thought that leads the child to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others, often leading to illogical conclusions. |
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: In Piaget's terminology, to think simultaneously about several aspects of a situation; characteristic of operational thought. |
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conservation: In Piaget's terminology, awareness that two objects that are equal according to a certain measure (such as length, weight, or quantity) remain equal in the face of alteration (for example, a change in shape) so long as nothing has been added to or taken away from either object. |
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: In Piaget's terminology, a limitation on preoperational thinking consisting of failure to understand that an operation can go in two or more directions. |
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transduction: In Piaget's terminology, a preoperational child's tendency to mentally link particular experiences, whether or not there is logically a relationship. |
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: In Piaget's terminology, inability to consider another person's point of view; a characteristic of preoperational thought. |
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animism: Tendency to attribute to objects that are not . |
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: Ability to put oneself in another person's place and feel what that person feels. |
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theory of mind: Awareness and understanding of mental |
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: Process by which a child absorbs the meaning of a new word after hearing it only once or twice in conversation. |
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pragmatics: The practical knowledge needed to use language for purposes. |
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speech: Speech intended to be understood by a listener. |
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speech: Talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate. |
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recognition: Ability to identify a encountered stimulus. Compare recall. |
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recall: Ability to reproduce material from . Compare recognition. |
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memory: Memory that produces a script of familiar routines to guide behavior. |
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script: General remembered outline of a familiar, event, used to guide behavior. |
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memory: Long-term memory of specific experiences or events, linked to time and place. |
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memory: Memory of specific events in one's own life. |
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Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale: Individual intelligence test used with children to measure memory, orientation, and practical judgment. |
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Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence--Revised (WPPSI-R): Individual childhood intelligence test for children ages 3 to 7, which yields verbal and scores as well as a combined score. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education