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1 | |
Which of the following is an example of the cephalocaudal principle? |
| | A) | At 2 months of gestation, an embryo's head is half the length of its body. |
| | B) | An embryo's arms and legs develop before the fingers and toes. |
| | C) | both a and b |
| | D) | neither a nor b |
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2 | |
Mitosis, or rapid cell division, begins within how many hours after fertilization? |
| | A) | 2 |
| | B) | 12 |
| | C) | 24 |
| | D) | 36 |
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3 | |
A fertilized ovum moves from the |
| | A) | uterus to the fallopian tube |
| | B) | fallopian tube to the uterus |
| | C) | ovary to the fallopian tube |
| | D) | fallopian tube to the ovary |
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4 | |
In which stage of prenatal development does an unborn baby float freely in the uterus? |
| | A) | germinal |
| | B) | embryonic |
| | C) | fetal |
| | D) | none of the above |
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5 | |
Which of the following protects the unborn child? |
| | A) | embryonic disk |
| | B) | endoderm |
| | C) | amniotic sac |
| | D) | blastocyst |
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6 | |
The placenta does all but which of the following? |
| | A) | provides immunity |
| | B) | produces hormones |
| | C) | nourishes the fetus |
| | D) | promotes cell division |
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7 | |
Which of the following is (are) most likely to cause a spontaneous abortion? |
| | A) | chromosomal abnormalities |
| | B) | uterine abnormalities |
| | C) | defective sperm |
| | D) | infection |
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8 | |
Which of the following hypotheses has been advanced to explain why male babies are more vulnerable to miscarriage and disorder than female babies? |
| | A) | The Y chromosome contains genes which protect females against stress. |
| | B) | The X chromosome contains harmful genes. |
| | C) | The mechanisms for immunity in males are inferior. |
| | D) | The male body develops earlier in the prenatal period than the female body. |
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9 | |
The fetal stage is characterized by |
| | A) | high risk of miscarriage |
| | B) | less, but more vigorous, activity |
| | C) | occurrence of developmental birth defects |
| | D) | increasing heart rate |
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10 | |
The uterine walls and amniotic sac |
| | A) | restrain fetal movement |
| | B) | stimulate fetal movement |
| | C) | both a and b |
| | D) | neither a nor b |
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11 | |
Which statement about fetal learning is true, according to research? |
| | A) | Newborns prefer male voices to female voices. |
| | B) | Newborns recognize stories that were read to them before birth. |
| | C) | Newborns cannot yet distinguish between the mother's voice and that of another woman. |
| | D) | Newborns show no preferences that suggest fetal learning has taken place. |
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12 | |
Babies are less at risk when their mothers gain approximately how many pounds during pregnancy? |
| | A) | 10 to 15 |
| | B) | 16 to 20 |
| | C) | 22 to 46 |
| | D) | none of the above; there is no known correlation between the mother's weight gain and the health of the baby |
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13 | |
Pregnant women need how many extra calories daily? |
| | A) | about 200 |
| | B) | 300 to 500 |
| | C) | 800 or more |
| | D) | none; extra calories may make the baby obese |
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14 | |
Which of the following statements about fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is true? |
| | A) | It affects about 1 infant in 2,000 in the United States. |
| | B) | It is characterized by extreme passivity. |
| | C) | In infancy, it can involve sleep disturbances and weak sucking. |
| | D) | Although severe in early childhood, its effects rarely persist into adulthood. |
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15 | |
Which of the following has not been found to be related to a mother's heavy smoking during pregnancy? |
| | A) | facial abnormalities |
| | B) | low birth weight |
| | C) | poor respiratory functioning |
| | D) | learning and behavior problems |
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16 | |
The effects of which of the following, when ingested during pregnancy, are still in question? |
| | A) | caffeine |
| | B) | birth control pills |
| | C) | DES |
| | D) | codeine |
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17 | |
The use of which of the following drugs by a mother during pregnancy has been linked to neurological problems? |
| | A) | cocaine |
| | B) | marijuana |
| | C) | both a and b |
| | D) | neither a nor b |
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18 | |
"Cocaine babies" tend to be |
| | A) | irritable |
| | B) | lethargic |
| | C) | either a or b |
| | D) | neither a nor b |
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19 | |
AIDS can be passed to an unborn child through the mother's |
| | A) | amniotic fluid |
| | B) | genes |
| | C) | blood |
| | D) | none of the above; AIDS can be passed only through sexual contact |
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20 | |
Fetal exposure to which of the following can cause gene mutations? |
| | A) | incompatible maternal blood type |
| | B) | PCBs |
| | C) | lead |
| | D) | radiation |
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21 | |
If a father is in his late thirties or older when his baby is conceived, the child may have an increased risk of |
| | A) | jaundice |
| | B) | stillbirth |
| | C) | anemia |
| | D) | birth defects |
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22 | |
Which of the following procedures can disclose the sex of a fetus? |
| | A) | ultrasound and amniocentesis |
| | B) | ultrasound and chorionic villus sampling |
| | C) | amniocentesis and umbilical cord sampling |
| | D) | fetal blood sampling and alpha fetoprotein test |
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23 | |
A technique that allows a doctor to draw blood from a fetus to diagnose the presence of certain disorders is |
| | A) | chorionic villus sampling |
| | B) | umbilical cord sampling |
| | C) | alpha fetoprotein (AFP) test |
| | D) | amniocentesis |
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24 | |
Doctors can give fetuses blood transfusions through the |
| | A) | placenta |
| | B) | amniotic fluid |
| | C) | uterine walls |
| | D) | umbilical cord |
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25 | |
A woman in which of the following countries is least likely to obtain early prenatal care? |
| | A) | Spain |
| | B) | Israel |
| | C) | Ireland |
| | D) | United States |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education